30 Questions
Which cell type is responsible for the destruction of beta cells in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Cytotoxic T cells
What is the significance of antibodies to the pancreas in the context of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
They are a surrogate marker of disease process
Which of the following populations has the highest risk for developing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Monozygotic twins
Which of the following symptoms is more likely to present in older individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Weight loss
What is a key management goal for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Avoiding complications
Which study is known for evaluating Diabetes Control and Complications in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
DCCT
What is one of the important aspects to consider in the management of severely insulin deficient Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Insulin Pump Therapy
What is the underlying cause of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Autoimmune destruction of beta cells
What is a characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in children?
All presentations before 6 months are genetic in origin
What is the goal of management in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
To achieve near-normal blood glucose levels
What is an available management option for patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Insulin Pump Therapy
What is a challenge in the diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Differentiating it from Type 2 Diabetes
What is an implication of the heterogenous nature of Type 1 Diabetes?
We are moving towards a spectrum of diabetes classification
What is essential for patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes education
Which of the following is true about carbohydrate counting in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
The CHO ratio is used to calculate the amount of insulin required to cover carbohydrates.
What is the function of glucogenic amino acids in the body?
They are turned into alpha ketoacids which are further converted into glucose.
Which of the following is a correct statement about insulin pump therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
It helps in achieving a flexible patient-controlled basal bolus regimen.
In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, which amino acids are both glucogenic and ketogenic?
Isoleucine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Threonine, Tryptophan
What is the energy density of fat in comparison to carbohydrates?
Fat is more energy-dense than carbohydrates.
Which treatment option is referred to as the 'artificial pancreas'?
Insulin pump therapy
What is the cornerstone of therapy when managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Carbohydrate counting
In type 1 diabetes mellitus, which of the following is responsible for the genetic defects in pathways of insulin synthesis, processing, and signaling?
B-cells
What glucose level is indicative of a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in terms of 2-hour glucose levels?
≥ 11.1 mmol/L
What is the term Arataeus used to describe diabetes mellitus due to the presence of sweetness in the urine?
Mellitus
What physiological response occurs to fasting as described in the text?
Lipolysis and Ketogenesis
Which of the following nutrients is mentioned as an alternative fuel source in prolonged fasts?
Ketones
What system is responsible for a specific immune response to an immune trigger like an antigen?
Innate immune system
What is the term used to describe the balance in the immune system between recognizing non-self antigens and self-antigens?
Tolerance
Insulin is secreted in response to caloric consumption in how many phases as mentioned in the text?
2 phases
Which of the following is NOT an action of insulin mentioned in the text?
Increasing ketogenesis
Learn about the development, cause, and metabolic consequences of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, as well as available management options. Explore the goals and factors influencing better outcomes for patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
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