Goroll 002 - Selection and Interpretation of Tests

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of subsequent laboratory testing in the diagnostic process?

  • To establish the pretest probability
  • To refine initial probability estimates (correct)
  • To establish the threshold approach
  • To determine the posttest probability

What factors determine the probability thresholds in the threshold approach to decision-making?

  • Presence or absence of disease
  • Effectiveness of interventions and test discrimination (correct)
  • Patient demographics and symptoms
  • Accuracy and precision of the diagnostic test

What term is used to describe a condition and its diagnosis when timeliness has a profound effect on outcome?

  • Diagnostic classification
  • Must-not-miss (correct)
  • Threshold approach
  • Posttest probability

Which of the following is a system cause of diagnostic error?

<p>Inadequate collaboration and communication among clinicians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of information needed for diagnosis?

<p>History (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the diagnostic process?

<p>To reduce diagnostic uncertainty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common individual cause of diagnostic error?

<p>Failure to take a good history (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes sensitivity in the context of medical testing?

<p>The probability that a test result will be positive when the test is applied to a person who actually has the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes specificity in the context of medical testing?

<p>The probability that a test result will be negative when the test is applied to a person who actually does not have the disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of a perfectly sensitive test?

<p>It can rule out disease if the result is negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a facilitative question that contributes to a pathophysiologic formulation?

<p>What makes it better? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is anchoring bias?

<p>The tendency to give too much weight to the first piece of information obtained. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is confirmation bias?

<p>The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is framing bias?

<p>The tendency to make decisions based on how the options are presented. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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