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Goroll 002 - Selection and Interpretation of Tests

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Goroll 002 - Selection and Interpretation of Tests

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of subsequent laboratory testing in the diagnostic process?

To establish the pretest probability

To refine initial probability estimates (correct)

To establish the threshold approach

To determine the posttest probability

What factors determine the probability thresholds in the threshold approach to decision-making?

Presence or absence of disease

Effectiveness of interventions and test discrimination (correct)

Patient demographics and symptoms

Accuracy and precision of the diagnostic test

What term is used to describe a condition and its diagnosis when timeliness has a profound effect on outcome?

Diagnostic classification

Must-not-miss (correct)

Threshold approach

Posttest probability

Which of the following is a system cause of diagnostic error?

Inadequate collaboration and communication among clinicians (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of information needed for diagnosis?

History (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the diagnostic process?

To reduce diagnostic uncertainty (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common individual cause of diagnostic error?

Failure to take a good history (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes sensitivity in the context of medical testing?

The probability that a test result will be positive when the test is applied to a person who actually has the disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes specificity in the context of medical testing?

The probability that a test result will be negative when the test is applied to a person who actually does not have the disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of a perfectly sensitive test?

It can rule out disease if the result is negative (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a facilitative question that contributes to a pathophysiologic formulation?

What makes it better? (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is anchoring bias?

The tendency to give too much weight to the first piece of information obtained. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is confirmation bias?

The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is framing bias?

The tendency to make decisions based on how the options are presented. (B) Signup and view all the answers