Pathology of Chronic Pericardial Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes effusive-constrictive pericarditis?

  • Decreased filling of the heart
  • Symptoms of volume overload only
  • Formation of a tamponade-like effect (correct)
  • Increased elasticity of the pericardium

    • Which of the following is a cause of effusive-constrictive pericarditis?

  • Tuberculosis (correct)
  • Systemic sclerosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • HIV infection

    • Why is treatment for effusive-constrictive pericarditis mainly surgical?

  • Medication therapy is ineffective
  • It is a reversible condition
  • The chronic nature of the condition (correct)
  • It requires immediate intervention

    • What leads to impaired filling in constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Scarring and loss of elasticity of the pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves both constriction of the visceral pericardium and an effusion?

    <p>Effusive-constrictive pericarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of chronic inflammation in constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Scarring and thickening of the pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of constrictive pericarditis on diastolic filling?

    <p>Sudden arrest of further filling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the in-elastic pericardium play in constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Restricts diastolic filling after initial expansion of the myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to venous return in constrictive pericarditis when the RV reaches its limit imposed by the pericardium?

    <p>It stops abruptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does systemic venous pressure rise in constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Following the cessation of venous return to the right heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of impaired LV filling in constrictive pericarditis on stroke volume and cardiac output?

    <p>Decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately what percentage of patients with acute pericarditis develop constrictive physiology?

    <p>9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential challenge in diagnosing constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>It can be mistaken for restrictive cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In developed nations, what are the two most common underlying etiologies of constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Idiopathic causes and cardiac surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major cause of constrictive pericarditis in developing nations and immunosuppressed patients?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does constrictive pericarditis affect heart function?

    <p>It results in diastolic heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a miscellaneous cause of constrictive pericarditis?

    <p>Pulmonary embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pericardium over time in relation to elasticity?

    <p>It becomes rigid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients can expect symptomatic improvement post pericardiectomy?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of the five-year survival rate for patients with Chronic Pericardial Diseases?

    <p>75-85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential operative mortality rate for Chronic Pericardial Diseases?

    <p>5-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to a less favorable long-term survival after pericardiectomy?

    <p>Worsening NYHA classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a role in determining the long-term survival after pericardiectomy?

    <p>High pulmonary artery systolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients showed complete normalization of cardiac hemodynamics post pericardiectomy?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common presenting symptom of chronic pericardial diseases?

    <p>Dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cardiovascular finding in chronic pericardial diseases?

    <p>Kussmaul sign with expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nonspecific cardiovascular finding in chronic pericardial diseases?

    <p>Elevated jugular venous pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical presentation symptom is associated with paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea in chronic pericardial diseases?

    <p>Diaphoresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a less frequent finding in chronic pericardial diseases compared to cardiac tamponade?

    <p>Pulsus paradoxus &gt; 10 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical examination finding in chronic pericardial diseases?

    <p>Sinus bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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