30 Questions
What characterizes effusive-constrictive pericarditis?
Formation of a tamponade-like effect
Which of the following is a cause of effusive-constrictive pericarditis?
Tuberculosis
Why is treatment for effusive-constrictive pericarditis mainly surgical?
The chronic nature of the condition
What leads to impaired filling in constrictive pericarditis?
Scarring and loss of elasticity of the pericardium
Which condition involves both constriction of the visceral pericardium and an effusion?
Effusive-constrictive pericarditis
What is the main effect of chronic inflammation in constrictive pericarditis?
Scarring and thickening of the pericardium
What is the main consequence of constrictive pericarditis on diastolic filling?
Sudden arrest of further filling
What role does the in-elastic pericardium play in constrictive pericarditis?
Restricts diastolic filling after initial expansion of the myocardium
What happens to venous return in constrictive pericarditis when the RV reaches its limit imposed by the pericardium?
It stops abruptly
Why does systemic venous pressure rise in constrictive pericarditis?
Following the cessation of venous return to the right heart
What is the effect of impaired LV filling in constrictive pericarditis on stroke volume and cardiac output?
Decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output
Approximately what percentage of patients with acute pericarditis develop constrictive physiology?
9%
What is a potential challenge in diagnosing constrictive pericarditis?
It can be mistaken for restrictive cardiomyopathy
In developed nations, what are the two most common underlying etiologies of constrictive pericarditis?
Idiopathic causes and cardiac surgery
What is a major cause of constrictive pericarditis in developing nations and immunosuppressed patients?
Tuberculosis
How does constrictive pericarditis affect heart function?
It results in diastolic heart failure
Which of the following is NOT listed as a miscellaneous cause of constrictive pericarditis?
Pulmonary embolism
What happens to the pericardium over time in relation to elasticity?
It becomes rigid
What percentage of patients can expect symptomatic improvement post pericardiectomy?
90%
What is the range of the five-year survival rate for patients with Chronic Pericardial Diseases?
75-85%
What is the potential operative mortality rate for Chronic Pericardial Diseases?
5-20%
What factors contribute to a less favorable long-term survival after pericardiectomy?
Worsening NYHA classification
Which factor plays a role in determining the long-term survival after pericardiectomy?
High pulmonary artery systolic pressure
What percentage of patients showed complete normalization of cardiac hemodynamics post pericardiectomy?
60%
What is the most common presenting symptom of chronic pericardial diseases?
Dyspnea
Which of the following is a common cardiovascular finding in chronic pericardial diseases?
Kussmaul sign with expiration
What is a nonspecific cardiovascular finding in chronic pericardial diseases?
Elevated jugular venous pressures
Which clinical presentation symptom is associated with paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea in chronic pericardial diseases?
Diaphoresis
What is a less frequent finding in chronic pericardial diseases compared to cardiac tamponade?
Pulsus paradoxus > 10 mm Hg
Which of the following is NOT a clinical examination finding in chronic pericardial diseases?
Sinus bradycardia
Test your knowledge on the pathology of chronic pericardial diseases such as constrictive pericarditis. Learn about how diastolic filling is restricted and the impact of an in-elastic pericardium on ventricular volume. Explore the pathophysiology of inflamed, thickened, and fused pericardial linings in this quiz.
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