Pathological Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

The center of thermoregulation is located in

  • Parietal lobe
  • Hypothalamus (correct)
  • Paracentral lobule
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Frontal gyri

    • The experimental reproducing of tumor by an ionizing irradiation arises up as a result

  • Inductions (correct)
  • Isotransplantation
  • Explantation
  • Gomotransplantation
  • Heterotrasplantation

    • In what time at the lytical decline of body temperature is falling of it to the norm?

  • Weeks
  • A few hours
  • Day and night
  • Month
  • A few days (correct)

    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may appear at a metabolic disorders. Their source may be:

    <p>Cholesterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is observed in the case when a maximum of temperature is observed in the morning, and in the evening it falls to normal or to the subfebrile state?

    <p>Febris inversa (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cells do produce Interleukin-1?

    <p>Monocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Experimental transplantation of tumor from one animal to other within the limits of one kind is

    <p>Isotransplantation (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulate the innidiation of malignant tumour?

    <p>Depressing intercellular contacts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is such type of growth of tumour named, when the accumulations of tumour cells are observed among surrounding tissue, along vessels and nerves?

    <p>Infiltrative (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the type of fever named, when a gradual fervescence is during set time with the subsequent litic falling it and by the protracted unfever period?

    <p>Febris undulans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a role of lipoid A in pathogenesis of fever?

    <p>Primary pyrogen (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance able to cause a fever is used with a medical purpose?

    <p>Pyrogenal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choose the pattern of disease at which a maximum of temperature can be observed in the orning, and in the evening it goes down to the normal or subfebrile state?

    <p>Tuberculosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After introduction of pyrogenal with a medical purpose for a patient a temperature rose, skin became pale, cold to the feel, a chill appeared, the consumption of oxygen increased. What stage of fever is it?

    <p>Stage increasing of temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the processes of termoregulation change in the first stage of fever?

    <p>Heat loss decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is characterized an exhausting type of temperature curve?

    <p>Sepsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The major biochemical feature of tumour cell is

    <p>Activating of synthesis of nucleic acids (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is typical for abdominal typhus in the first period?

    <p>Febris continua (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormones are able to repress the products of endogenous pyrogenous?

    <p>Cortisone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is related by wide using of antibiotics and antipyretics?

    <p>Febris undulans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct following of fever stages?

    <p>Incrementi, fastigii, decrementi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    That does testify to development of tumour progression during transplantation the animal of Erlich karcinoma?

    <p>Insensibility to cytostatics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transference of malignant cells by the blood stream belongs to:

    <p>Tissue embolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is typical for crupose pneumonia?

    <p>Febris continua (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Interleukin 1 does not directly act on the neurons of termoregulation centre but realizes through influence on

    <p>Prostaglandin E2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Primary pyrogenous, which gets in an organism together with an exciter and enters in the complement of bacterial cells, is

    <p>Lipoid A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third stage of fever named?

    <p>St. decrementi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is typical for typhus in the first period?

    <p>Febris continua (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What the substances are able to cause a fever?

    <p>Lipopolysaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance helps for development of hyperpyretic fever?

    <p>Aldosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pathogeny of fever the adjusting point of adjusting of temperature changes under influence

    <p>Prostaglandin E2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High correlation in the development of tumours coursed by smouking, is related to influence of chemical carcinogen. What is it?

    <p>3,4-benspiren (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mechanisms which repress activity of oncogene are named

    <p>Antimutational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fever is typical for sepsis?

    <p>Febris hectica (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second stage of fever?

    <p>St. fastigii (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of development of fever cells-targets for interleukin 1 are

    <p>Neurons (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the type of temperature curve at patient, if the temperature of body rose to 39,7 °C and varies within the limits of 39,0-39,8 °C.

    <p>Febris continua (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organ does loss mass less at a cachexy, caused oncodisease?

    <p>Heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a patient with cancer of stomach anemia was diagnosed. On the examination of blood smear and bone marrow the signs of megaloblastic bloodforming were found. An insufficient amount of what material may leads to this disorders?

    <p>Cyanocobalamin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which of these diseases is there a type of temperature curve shown in Figure

    <p>Sepsis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choose combination of facilities for render of fever in an experiment.

    <p>Rabbit, interleukin-1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choose the pattern of disease which an undulans type of temperature curve

    <p>Brucellosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of temperature curve called in figure

    <p>Febris intermittens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At the patient with infectious CNS-disease a temperature for a day long is unstable, each 2 hours arrives at different values (higher and below from a norm). What is the most credible reason of day's fluctuation in the body temperature for this patient?

    <p>Damage of hypothalamus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which of these diseases is the type of temperature curve shown in gure

    <p>Relapsing fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of temperature curve is observed in Figure

    <p>Febris hectica (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At patient with the pneumonia has a fever. What biologically active substance does play a leading role in the origin of fever?

    <p>Interleukin-1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient 26 years old was hospitalized to gynaecology department in a grave sepsis condition related to criminal abortion. What type of temperature curve is typical for septic process?

    <p>Febris hectica (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expansive growth of tumour tissue?

    <p>Growth of tumour in the direction of surrounding healthy tissue with its shove about (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At a malaria the recurrence of fever attacks is related to

    <p>Recurrence of pathogenic organism development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Experimental transplantation of tumour from one kind of animal to other kind to the animal is

    <p>Heterotrasplantation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The experimental sarcoma of Raus in chickens arises up as a result

    <p>Inductions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Where is the center of thermoregulation located?

    The hypothalamus is the control center for body temperature regulation.

    What is a gomotransplantation?

    Experimental transplantation of a tumor from one animal to another within the same species.

    How quickly does body temperature fall after a fever?

    The time it takes for body temperature to return to normal after a fever breaks.

    Where might polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons originate?

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are carcinogenic compounds that can be found in some environmental sources, such as air pollution and cigarette smoke.

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    What is a Febris Inversa?

    A fever pattern where the temperature reaches a peak in the morning and falls to normal or subfebrile levels in the evening.

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    Which cells produce Interleukin-1?

    Monocytes are white blood cells that are part of the immune system and are involved in the production of Interleukin-1.

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    What is heterotrasplantation?

    The transplantation of a tumor from one animal to another of a different species.

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    What is functional anaplasia?

    Functional anaplasia refers to a loss of normal cell structure and function.

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    What is an infiltrative growth pattern in tumor development?

    Infiltrative growth refers to the spread of tumor cells into surrounding tissues, often following vessels and nerves.

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    What is a Febris Undulans?

    A fever pattern characterized by a gradual rise in temperature over a period of time followed by a sudden drop and a prolonged afebrile period.

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    What is the role of Lipoid A in fever?

    Lipoid A, a component of certain bacterial cell walls, acts as a primary pyrogen, triggering the release of secondary pyrogens, such as Interleukin-1, which ultimately leads to fever.

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    What substance can be used medically to induce fever?

    Pyrogenal is a synthetic pyrogen, a substance used for medical purposes to induce fever in patients.

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    What disease is characterized by a fever that peaks in the evenings and subsides in the mornings?

    Malaria, a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium, is characterized by a fever pattern that typically presents as a Febris Intermittens with cyclical fever spikes.

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    What is the stage of fever where body temperature increases?

    The stage of fever where body temperature rises, and a person may experience chills and shivering.

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    How does thermoregulation change in the initial stages of fever?

    The initial stage of fever characterized by a decrease in heat loss and an increase in heat production.

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    What disease is characterized by an exhausting fever curve?

    Sepsis, a severe systemic inflammatory response to infection, can present with an exhausting type of fever curve characterized by rapid fluctuations in temperature.

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    What is a major biochemical feature of tumor cells?

    Tumor cells, unlike normal cells, exhibit a significantly enhanced rate of nucleic acid synthesis, which is essential for their rapid proliferation.

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    What type of fever is typical for abdominal typhus?

    Abdominal typhus, caused by Salmonella Typhi, often presents with a remittent fever pattern during its initial phase.

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    Which hormone can suppress the production of pyrogens?

    Cortisone, a corticosteroid hormone, can suppress the production of endogenous pyrogens, thereby reducing inflammation and fever.

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    What type of fever can result from widespread antibiotic and antipyretic use?

    Wide use of antibiotics and antipyretics can sometimes mask the characteristic fever patterns of certain diseases, leading to a more continuous fever pattern.

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    What is the correct order of fever stages?

    The stages of fever progress as follows: incrementi (rising temperature) and decrementi (falling temperature) phases. The fastigii stage represents the peak temperature.

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    What is the significance of the Ehrlich carcinoma model in cancer research?

    Ehrlich carcinoma, a type of aggressive and rapidly growing tumor, is often used in studies to observe tumor progression.

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    What is tissue embolism?

    Tissue embolism occurs when a piece of tissue, often from a tumor, is transported by the bloodstream and blocks a blood vessel.

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    What type of fever is characteristic of croupous pneumonia?

    Croupous pneumonia, an inflammation of the lungs, typically presents with a continuous fever pattern, where the temperature remains consistently elevated.

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    How does Interleukin-1 act on thermoregulation?

    Interleukin-1, initially released by immune cells, indirectly causes fever by stimulating the production of prostaglandin E2, which then acts on the thermoregulation center in the brain.

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    What is a primary pyrogen?

    Lipoid A, a component of bacterial cell walls, is considered a primary pyrogen as it directly triggers the immune response, leading to fever.

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    What is the third stage of fever called?

    The third stage of fever, the decrementi stage, is characterized by a gradual decline in body temperature.

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    What type of fever is typical for typhus?

    Typhus, a bacterial infection, often presents with a continuous fever pattern during its initial phase.

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    What are the types of substances that can cause fever?

    Lipopolysaccharides, found in the cell walls of certain bacteria, are known to be pyrogens, substances that induce fever.

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    What substance can suppress hyperpyretic fever?

    Cortisone, a corticosteroid hormone, can help suppress the hyperpyretic fever reaction.

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    What substance influences the thermoregulation center?

    Prostaglandin E2, produced in response to Interleukin-1, acts on the thermoregulation center to adjust the body's set point for temperature regulation.

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    What is a chemical carcinogen related to smoking?

    3,4-benzpyrene, a chemical carcinogen found in tobacco smoke, has a strong correlation with the development of various types of cancer.

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    What are mechanisms that repress oncogene activity?

    Antimutational mechanisms, such as DNA repair pathways, protect against mutations that can lead to oncogene activation and tumor development.

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    What type of fever is associated with sepsis?

    Sepsis, a severe infection, often presents with hectica fever, a type of fever characterized by erratic fluctuations in body temperature.

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    What is the second stage of fever called?

    The second stage of fever, the fastigii stage, represents the period when body temperature reaches its peak.

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    What are the target cells for Interleukin-1?

    Neurons in the thermoregulation center in the brain are the target cells for Interleukin-1, the signal that initiates the fever response.

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    What is Febris Continua?

    A fever pattern characterized by stable temperatures that are consistently elevated above normal.

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    What organ loses mass the most in cachexia?

    Adipose tissue, or body fat, undergoes a loss of mass in cases of cachexia, a condition of severe wasting associated with cancer.

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    What deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia?

    A deficiency in vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition characterized by abnormal red blood cells.

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    What is a Febris Intermittens?

    A type of fever pattern characterized by a series of cyclical temperature spikes with intervals of normal or subnormal temperatures.

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    What is a Febris Recurrens?

    A fever pattern characterized by a rapid rise in temperature to a high peak, followed by a rapid fall to normal levels.

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    What is a Febris Atypica?

    A type of fever that does not fit into any of the typical patterns, often demonstrating irregular fluctuations in temperature.

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    What disease is characterized by a hectica fever pattern?

    Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response to infection, is characterized by a hectica fever pattern.

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    What causes an increase in erythrocytes in liver cancer?

    The increase in erythrocytes (red blood cells) in a patient with liver cancer is often due to the overproduction of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.

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    What process can cause collapse in sepsis?

    Septic shock, a grave complication of sepsis, can be triggered by the sudden drop in body temperature, leading to circulatory collapse.

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    Study Notes

    Pathological Physiology Quiz Questions and Answers

    • Question 6: The center of thermoregulation is located in the hypothalamus.
    • Question 2: The experimental reproducing of a tumor by ionizing irradiation arises as a result of induction.
    • Question 7: The lytical decline of body temperature falling to normal occurs in a few days.
    • Question 16: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may appear in metabolic disorders. Their source may be cholesterol.
    • Question 18: Febris inversa is the type of fever observed when the maximum temperature is in the morning and falls to normal or sub-febrile in the evening.
    • Question 5: Monocytes produce interleukin-1.
    • Question 12: Experimental transplantation of a tumor from one animal to another within the same species is called isograftation.
    • Question 25: Functional anaplasia does not stimulate the indication of malignant tumor.
    • Question 28: The type of tumor growth where accumulations of tumor cells are observed among surrounding tissue, along vessels and nerves is called infiltrative.
    • Question 22: Febris undulans is a type of fever characterized by a gradual increase in temperature over a period of time, followed by a return to normal or sub-febrile levels, and a subsequent period without fever.
    • Question 24: Lipoid A is a primary pyrogen.
    • Question 29: Pyrogenal is a substance that causes fever and is used for medical purposes.
    • Question 30: Recurrent typhus is a disease that shows the pattern of disease where the maximum temperature is observed in the morning, and in the evening, it goes down to normal or subfebrile.
    • Question 31: The stage of fever described is the stage increasing of temperature.
    • Question 26: In the first stage of fever, heat loss decreases.
    • Question 34: Sepsis is characterized by an exhausting type of temperature curve.
    • Question 35: Activating of synthesis of nucleic acids is the major biochemical feature of tumor cells.
    • Question 33: Febris continua is the typical type of fever for the first period of Abdominal Typhus.
    • Question 42: Cortisone can repress endogenous pyrogens.
    • Question 39: Febris recurrens is the type of fever that is related to the use of antibiotics and antipyretics.
    • Question 37: The correct sequence of fever stages is Increments, fastigii, decrements.
    • Question 40: Insensibility to cytostatics is the condition that testifies to development during transplantation of the tumor.
    • Question 41: Thromboembolism is the result of transference of malignant cells by the blood stream.
    • Question 44: Febris continua is the typical type of fever for croupous pneumonia.
    • Question 43: Prostaglandin E2 is the intermediary substance through which Interleukin-1 exerts its influence on the neurons of the thermoregulation center.
    • Question 47: Lipoid A is classified as the primary pyrogen.
    • Question 48: St. decrementi is the third stage of fever.
    • Question 49: Febris continua is the typical type of fever at the beginning of typhus.
    • Question 45: Lipopolysaccharides are substances able to cause a fever.
    • Question 38: Aldosterone helps in the development of hyperpyretic fever.
    • Question 56: Prostaglandin E2 plays a role in the adjustments of the temperature's setting point in fever.
    • Question 51: 3,4-benspiren is the chemical carcinogen that correlates strongly with tumor development exacerbated by smoking.
    • Question 53: One of the mechanisms that repress the activity of oncogenes is antimutation.
    • Question 54: Sepsis is associated with the hectica type of fever.
    • Question 59: St. fastigii is the second stage of fever.
    • Question 60: Lymphocytes are the cells targeted by interleukin-1 during fever development.
    • Question 1: Febris continua is the type of temperature curve observed in a patient with a body temperature fluctuating between 39.0 and 39.8°C, rising to 39.7°C.
    • Question 55: The organ that loses less mass in cachexia due to oncodisease is the heart.
    • Question 9: Recurrent typhus is a disease with an irregular fever pattern and fluctuating daily temperature.
    • Question 67: Cyanocobalamin deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia in cancer patients.
    • Question 41: Sepsis is a condition in which malignant cells are transported by the bloodstream and causes thromboembolism.
    • Question 32: The expansive growth of a tumor is characterized by the tumor cells growing without restraint and invading/spreading into the surrounding tissues.
    • Question 17: The recurrence of attacks of fever in malaria is associated with the recurrence of the pathogenic organism.
    • Question 20: Inductions are a causative result for causing sarcomas of Raus in chickens.
    • Question 36: A moderate fever is diagnosed when the body temperatures are within the range of 38-39 °C.
    • Question 68: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 69: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 70: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 71: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 72: Protooncogene is a gene that regulates cell growth and division.
    • Question 73: Febris intermittens is the type of fever presented when the body temperature sharply rises through identical intervals of time.
    • Question 74: In a liver cancer patient with erythrocytosis, the hyperproduction of erythropoietin is the primary reason that leads to an increase of red blood cell count (erythrocytes).
    • Question 75: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 76: The question and answer are not unique.
    • Question 77: The correct order of carcinogenesis stages is Transformation, Promotion, Progression.
    • Question 78: Tumor induction was done by applying chemicals in the experiment of Yamagiva and Ishikawa in 1915.
    • Question 79: Adrenalin is substance level is increased at the pheochromocytoma.
    • Question 80-90: Due to the overlapping and repeating question formats and answers in the OCR data a number of unique questions and answers cannot be extracted. These questions and answers appear redundant and do not represent a new or independent topic for summary.

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    Pathological Physiology Quiz PDF

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    Test your knowledge with this Pathological Physiology quiz, covering critical concepts such as thermoregulation, tumor behavior, and metabolic disorders. Each question is designed to deepen your understanding of this complex field. Perfect for students and professionals looking to assess their grasp of pathology.

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