Parts of Plants and Their Functions

What is the main function of the roots in a plant?

What type of root system do plants like grass, onion, wheat, and rice have?

What is the function of the tiny hairs on the root?

What is the part of the plant that remains above the ground?

What is the function of the stem in a plant?

Which of the following plants have tap roots?

What is stored in the roots of some plants?

What is the part of the plant that remains under the ground?

What is the main function of the stem in a plant?

What is the purpose of stomata in a leaf?

Which of the following plants has a hard and woody stem?

What is stored in the underground stems of some plants?

What is the function of veins in a leaf?

What is the function of the stem in terms of food transportation?

Parts of Plants

Plants have two main parts: root (underground) and shoot (above ground)

Roots

Remain under the ground
Have tiny thin hair-like branches that fix the plant firmly in the soil
Types of roots:
- Fibrous roots: multiple roots growing from the end of the stem (e.g., grass, onion, wheat, rice)
- Tap roots: a long main root with small side roots (e.g., bean, balsam, mustard)
Functions of roots:
- Fix the plant to the soil
- Provide water and mineral salts to the plants
- Store food in some plants (e.g., carrot, radish, turnip, beet)

Stem

Main part of the shoot
Holds the plant upright above the ground
Bears branches, leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits
Functions of the stem:
- Holds the plant upright
- Bears leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits
- Carries water and mineral salts from the roots to all parts of the plant
- Carries food prepared by the leaves to different parts of the plant
- Stores extra food in some cases (e.g., sugarcane, potato, ginger)

Leaf

An important part of the shoot
Different plants have leaves of different shapes and sizes
Leaf structure:
- Flat and broad part called leaf blade
- Main vein in the middle with side veins that bring water to the leaf
- Tiny holes on the surface called stomata that throw out extra water
- Plants breathe in and out through stomata

Learn about the different parts of plants, their functions, and importance. This quiz covers the basic structure of plants, including roots and shoots.