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Questions and Answers
What are the two main systems of a flowering plant?
What are the two main systems of a flowering plant?
What is the most abundant plant tissue?
What is the most abundant plant tissue?
What is the primary function of parenchyma cells that contain chloroplasts?
What is the primary function of parenchyma cells that contain chloroplasts?
What is the term for parenchyma cells that enlarge to store nutrients and water?
What is the term for parenchyma cells that enlarge to store nutrients and water?
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What is the term for collenchyma cells with uniformly thickened cell walls?
What is the term for collenchyma cells with uniformly thickened cell walls?
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What is the term for sclerenchyma cells that are long, slender, and tapered and usually occur in groups?
What is the term for sclerenchyma cells that are long, slender, and tapered and usually occur in groups?
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What is the term for surface fibers that grow from the surface of seeds?
What is the term for surface fibers that grow from the surface of seeds?
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What is the term for the type of sclerenchyma cells that impart hardness to nutshells and seed coats?
What is the term for the type of sclerenchyma cells that impart hardness to nutshells and seed coats?
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What is the term for the type of parenchyma cells that have cell wall ingrowths for transfer of solutes over short distances?
What is the term for the type of parenchyma cells that have cell wall ingrowths for transfer of solutes over short distances?
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What is the term for the type of sclerenchyma cells that are isodiametric and called as stone cells?
What is the term for the type of sclerenchyma cells that are isodiametric and called as stone cells?
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Study Notes
Plant Body: Basic Morphology
- A flowering plant has two systems: shoot system and root system
- There are six organs in a flowering plant: root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed
Tissue Types
- There are three basic tissue types: dermal, ground, and vascular
- Three major plant cell types: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma
Parenchyma Cells
- Parenchyma is the fundamental or ground tissue of the plant
- Most abundant plant tissue and found in roots, stems, fruits, and seeds
- Functions in protection, photosynthesis, storage, secretion, transport, wound healing, and absorption
- Some parenchyma cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis
- Some parenchyma cells function as storage, containing starch grains
- Specialized parenchyma cells include storage parenchyma, chlorenchyma, aerenchyma, and transfer cells
Collenchyma Cells
- Provide flexible support without restraining growth
- Found in young parts of the plant shoot
- Thicker and uneven cell walls
- Three types: angular, tangential, and annular collenchyma
Sclerenchyma Cells
- Rigid due to thick secondary walls strengthened with lignin
- Dead at functional maturity
- Two types: sclereids and fibers
- Fibers provide support and are long, slender, and tapered
- Sclereids impart hardness to nutshells and seed coats and gritty texture to fruits
- Types of sclereids include brachysclereids, grit cells, macrosclereids, osteosclereids, and astrosclereids
Plant Fibers
- Fibers are sclerenchyma cells specialized in support
- Types of plant fibers include surface fibers, soft or bast fibers, and hard or leaf fibers
- Examples of plant fibers include cotton, coconut coir, flax, jute, hemp, ramie, sisal, Manila hemp, and pineapple
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Description
This quiz covers the basic morphology of a flowering plant, including shoot and root systems, organs, tissue types, and cell types. Understand the structure and functions of plant cells and tissues.
