Parole and Correctional Approaches in the Philippines

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the Responsibility Model in correctional administration?

Providing minimal rehabilitation efforts

Instilling a sense of accountability in offenders (correct)

Implementing strict surveillance measures

Maintaining security and order

Which model of correctional administration prioritizes the treatment and rehabilitation of offenders?

Rehabilitation Model (correct)

Responsibility Model

Control Model

Custodial Model

What is a key characteristic of the Custodial Model?

Supportive therapeutic environment

Emphasis on rehabilitation efforts

Focus on offender accountability

Strict hierarchy and punitive disciplinary system (correct)

What is the primary goal of punishment as defined in the context?

To act as a neutral arbiter in upholding justice Signup and view all the answers

In which model is maintaining strict control and authority over inmates emphasized?

Control Model Signup and view all the answers

Which form of punishment is characterized by state-sanctioned execution?

Death penalty Signup and view all the answers

Which approach would likely have limited emphasis on rehabilitation and reintegration?

Custodial Model Signup and view all the answers

What does physical torture often involve?

Deliberate infliction of pain Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT considered a form of public humiliation and shaming?

Beheading Signup and view all the answers

What multidisciplinary principles are incorporated in effective correctional administration?

Psychology, sociology, law, and criminology Signup and view all the answers

Which model reflects an authoritarian leadership style and emphasizes compliance with rules?

Control Model Signup and view all the answers

What does banishment or exile involve?

The removal from a specific territory Signup and view all the answers

Transportation as a form of punishment was primarily used during which period?

The 18th and 19th centuries Signup and view all the answers

What does the Rehabilitation Model aim to achieve?

Promoting successful reintegration into society Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of corporal punishment?

Public humiliation Signup and view all the answers

What is the underpinning purpose of punishment in maintaining societal norms?

To promote lawful behavior and discourage deviance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of contemporary penology?

Rehabilitation, reintegration, and community safety Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'penology' derive from?

The Latin word meaning pain or suffering Signup and view all the answers

How has the understanding of punishment shifted in contemporary society?

From a focus on pain to a more holistic approach Signup and view all the answers

In what type of community is punishment likely to be more effective?

A close-knit, well-ordered community Signup and view all the answers

What is a general definition of punishment?

The infliction of pain or sanction for law violations Signup and view all the answers

What role does punishment serve in society?

It acts as a mechanism for social control Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of punishment is often overlooked in general definitions?

The conditions under which it is administered Signup and view all the answers

What traditional association does penology have?

The philosophy of harsh punishment as deterrence Signup and view all the answers

What must an offender do before availing of parole or executive clemency?

Serve the minimum period of the sentence Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of institutional correction?

Public safety through incarceration Signup and view all the answers

Which body runs the facilities for institutional correction in the Philippines?

Bureau of Corrections Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of institutional correction?

Psychological impact on offenders Signup and view all the answers

How can institutional correction potentially affect recidivism rates?

By leading to high recidivism rates Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of correctional administration?

Systematic management of jails or prisons Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary reasons for the high cost of institutional correction?

Cost of maintaining facilities Signup and view all the answers

What are rehabilitation programs in institutions designed to provide?

Education and vocational training Signup and view all the answers

What was a purpose of transportation as a punishment?

To serve as a form of labor for colonial development Signup and view all the answers

What does deprivation as a form of punishment entail?

Withholding everything except basic survival needs Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of early prison discipline involves performing repetitive tasks?

Monotony Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term uniformity in prison discipline?

Standardizing treatment of all prisoners regardless of individual faults Signup and view all the answers

What involves organizing inmates into large groups for activities?

Mass Movement Signup and view all the answers

What does degradation in prison discipline refer to?

Using derogatory language by staff towards inmates Signup and view all the answers

What is hard labor in the context of prison punishment?

Compulsory performance of physically demanding tasks Signup and view all the answers

What does corporal punishment involve in prison settings?

Utilizing physical force to discipline inmates Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Paroling and Executive Clemency

Offenders may be eligible for parole or executive clemency after serving a minimum sentence.

Correctional Approaches in the Philippines

The Philippine criminal justice system uses two approaches: non-institutional and institutional correction.
The best approach is determined by the nature of the crime, the offender's risk of re-offending, and their background.

Institutional Correction

Focuses on detaining convicted criminals in jails or prisons.
Managed by the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor).

Advantages of Institutional Correction

Public Safety: Protects society by removing dangerous offenders.
Deterrence: The threat of imprisonment deters potential crime.
Structured Environment: Offers a structured environment with rules and expectations.
Rehabilitation Programs: Provides education, vocational training, and counseling for offenders.

Disadvantages of Institutional Correction

High Cost: Maintaining prisons and jails is expensive for taxpayers.
Overcrowding: Overcrowding limits program access and increases tension.
Limited Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation programs can be limited and may not be effective.
Negative Impact on Offenders: Institutionalization can have negative psychological effects and make reintegration difficult.

Correctional Administration

The systematic management of jails, prisons, and related institutions focused on custody, treatment, and rehabilitation.
Includes the management and operation of correctional facilities and the supervision of offenders in the community.
Requires a multi-disciplinary approach including psychology, sociology, law, and criminology.

Models of Correctional Administration

Responsibility Model: Emphasizes accountability and personal agency in offender rehabilitation.
Custodial Model: Prioritizes security, order, and discipline within correctional facilities.
Control Model: Maintains strict control and authority over inmates through enforcement of institutional rules and regulations.
Rehabilitation Model: Focuses on treatment and rehabilitation for offenders to promote successful reintegration into society.

Penology

The study of punishment and the treatment of criminal offenders.
Focuses on crime control and prevention through the imposition of penalties.
Includes prison management, rehabilitation efforts, and societal responses to crime.
Historically emphasized punishment; now evolving to include rehabilitation and reintegration.

Nature and Trends of Punishment

Aims to maintain social order and induce conformity.
The effectiveness of punishment varies depending on the societal context.
Involves inflicting pain or sanction for breaking the law.
Serves as a form of state intervention for redress of wrongdoing.

Forms of Punishment in Primitive Society

Death Penalty: State-sanctioned execution of an individual for serious crimes.
- Examples: Hanging, beheading, breaking wheel, burning, immersing in boiling oil, feeding to wild animals, other medieval executions.
Physical Torture: Deliberate infliction of pain or suffering as a form of punishment or coercion.
- Examples: Flogging, whipping, mutilation, disfiguration.
Public Humiliation and Shaming: Public ridicule or embarrassment as a form of punishment.
- Examples: The use of stocks and pillory, docking stool, branding, shaving off the hair.
Banishment or Exile: Forced removal of an offender from a territory.
Transportation: Relocation of convicted criminals to a colony or penal colony.
Slavery: Ownership and exploitation of individuals as property, often involving forced labor.

Origins of Modern Prison Discipline: Early Practices with Punitive Characteristics

Hard Labor: Forced performance of physically demanding work.
Deprivation: Withholding necessities for survival.
Monotony: Repetitive and unvarying experiences to discourage inmates.
Uniformity: Standardized treatment of all prisoners to emphasize their status.
Mass Movement: Organization of inmates into large groups for various activities.
Degradation: Use of derogatory language or demeaning behavior towards inmates.
Corporal Punishment: Use of physical force to discipline or intimidate inmates.

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Description

Explore the concepts of parole and executive clemency within the context of the Philippine criminal justice system. This quiz covers both institutional and non-institutional correctional approaches, their advantages and disadvantages, and how they impact offenders and public safety.