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Questions and Answers
What has been associated with a 50% reduced risk of developing PD?
What has been associated with a 50% reduced risk of developing PD?
- Environmental toxins
- Genetic mutations in genes like SNCA, PRKN, LRRK2, and PINK1
- Vagotomy (correct)
- Dopamine replacement therapy using levodopa and dopamine agonists
Which neurotransmitter is thought to underlie many of the motor symptoms seen in PD patients?
Which neurotransmitter is thought to underlie many of the motor symptoms seen in PD patients?
- Acetylcholine
- Serotonin
- Dopamine (correct)
- Norepinephrine
What has been found to increase microglial TLR4 expression and markers of activation in PD?
What has been found to increase microglial TLR4 expression and markers of activation in PD?
- Dopamine replacement therapy
- Vagotomy
- Environmental toxins
- Alpha-synuclein (correct)
Which area of research focuses on deep brain stimulation, neurotrophic factors, and stem cell transplantation for PD?
Which area of research focuses on deep brain stimulation, neurotrophic factors, and stem cell transplantation for PD?
Where are Lewy bodies known to first occur in relation to PD?
Where are Lewy bodies known to first occur in relation to PD?
What is the key pathological feature of Parkinson's disease involving the accumulation of Lewy bodies?
What is the key pathological feature of Parkinson's disease involving the accumulation of Lewy bodies?
Which area of the brain experiences the initial loss of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease?
Which area of the brain experiences the initial loss of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease?
What non-motor symptom is associated with Parkinson's disease?
What non-motor symptom is associated with Parkinson's disease?
Which area experiences a loss of dopamine innervation due to the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in Parkinson's disease?
Which area experiences a loss of dopamine innervation due to the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in Parkinson's disease?
How is Parkinson's disease typically diagnosed?
How is Parkinson's disease typically diagnosed?
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