Park and Infrastructure Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of park funding is derived from tax support?

40%

70%

60% (correct)

50%

What is the approximate maintenance backlog faced by state and local parks?

$66 billion (correct)

$50 billion

$100 billion

$75 billion

What gap exists for infrastructure funding at ports?

$15 billion

$8 billion

$12 billion (correct)

$10 billion

How many jobs do the nation’s coastal/inland ports support?

31 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the rating of rail infrastructure according to the findings?

B Signup and view all the answers

Which major challenge impacts smaller ports notably?

Difficulty in competing for grants Signup and view all the answers

What is the average number of public park acres available per 1000 residents?

10 acres Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how much money did Amtrak spend on repair projects between 2017-2019?

$713 million Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT suggested as a way to improve park access?

Limit user fees Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition of 40% of the road system according to the overview?

Mediocre or poor Signup and view all the answers

How does sharing information among team members impact project outcomes?

It can lead to either success or failure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a good team player when offering assistance?

Being genuine and courteous while helping. Signup and view all the answers

What behavior can lead to a loss of respect among team members?

Failing to treat others respectfully. Signup and view all the answers

What should a good problem solver focus on?

Offering solutions to the pointed out issues. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended approach when a team member realizes an idea is not viable?

Acknowledging the mistake and moving forward. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential for earning respect among co-workers?

Demonstrating genuine interest in others. Signup and view all the answers

What could potentially harm teamwork when addressing challenges in a group?

Critically pointing out flaws with no constructive feedback. Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of existing technologies on the fate of pollutants in the environment?

They provide better oversight and planning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of conservative (inert) pollutants?

They have both production and consumption rates equal to zero. Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential health effect associated with agricultural runoff from DDT application?

Cancer or infertility. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the hydrologic cycle, what key question must be addressed regarding drinking water?

How much is available and how much do we use? Signup and view all the answers

What governs the equation used to analyze mass in a system?

AR = IR – OR + PR – CR. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of public schools lack a long-term facilities plan?

40% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a suggestion to improve stormwater management?

Develop a stormwater specific funding program Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of stormwater runoff?

Pollution of drinking water Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as a major finding regarding municipal solid waste (MSW) management?

Emerging contaminants are found in legacy landfills Signup and view all the answers

How much municipal wastewater treatment capital is needed annually to address investment gaps?

$80 billion Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of school districts require significant repairs?

53% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a strategy for raising the grade in solid waste management?

Promote incineration for waste disposal Signup and view all the answers

What key issue faces transit systems in America?

Insufficient funding Signup and view all the answers

What step is NOT part of the five-step engineering problem solving method?

Disregard existing theories Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many storm drains exist in the US?

270 million Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the purposes of the NSPE Code of Engineering Ethics?

To provide benchmarks for self-evaluation Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the NSPE Code offers specific guidelines that support the fundamental canons?

Rules of Practice Signup and view all the answers

According to medical ethics, what is a physician’s paramount responsibility?

To prioritize patient care Signup and view all the answers

What is a lawyer required to do according to the American Bar Association code?

Conform to the requirements of the law in all aspects Signup and view all the answers

What ethical principle must a police officer uphold while performing their duties?

Perform duties impartially and without bias Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a fundamental canon in the NSPE ethics code?

Basic criteria by which engineers are judged Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a physician's freedom according to the medical ethics code?

They can select the environment for their practice. Signup and view all the answers

What does the NSPE Code aim to define regarding professional behavior?

Accepted and acceptable behaviors Signup and view all the answers

In the context of police ethics, how must officers exercise their authority?

Responsibly and within the law Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

CE UY 1002 Final Exam Review

This review covers the course material for the Fall 2024 semester's final exam.
The course is Introduction to Civil Engineering.

Topic #1 - Civil Engineering Sub-disciplines

What is engineering? Applying math and science to solve problems, creatively designing and constructing things. It aims to optimize the conversion of natural resources to human use.
What is civil engineering? Designing the infrastructure of modern societies. This includes roads, bridges, mass transit, airports, ports, waterways, water supply, waste treatment, energy, and communication systems.
Civil engineering sub-disciplines: This course covers several key areas within civil engineering: Environmental, Water Resources, Structural, Transportation, Geotechnical, Construction, and Urban Systems/Informatics.

Structural Engineering

Buildings: From single-family homes to skyscrapers. Key issues include loads, geometry, and material selection.
Bridges: Examples include the Brooklyn Bridge, Tacoma Narrows Bridge, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, and Tower Bridge. Areas of concern include loads, geometry, and material type.
Stadiums/arenas: Includes iconic structures like Wembley Stadium, Yankee Stadium, The Colosseum, and Barclays Center. Key focus is analysis of loads, geometry, and materials.
Dams: Examples such as the New Croton Dam, Tarbela Dam, and Hoover Dam. Critical elements are the loads, geometry, and materials used.
Towers/Drilling platforms: Focus on the loads, geometry, materials involved in tall towers and oil drilling platforms.
Retaining walls: Issues to consider in this area are loads, geometry and material types.

Water Resources Engineering

Water supply systems: Diagrams of the water cycle are included, with a focus on issues such as the amount of available water versus needed water and water quality & distribution.
Drainage systems: Diagrams are presented focusing on issues like quantity, quality, pipe size, materials, and discharge location.
Stormwater detention/retention ponds: Emphasis is placed on quantity sizing, quality, material used (man-made versus natural), and discharge location.
Flood control structures: Details on hurricane protection systems (levees and floodwalls), with specific examples like New Orleans levees. Issues include flood predictions, and hydraulic forces.
Coastal protection: Discusses temporary flood barriers of sectional and frame types, with issues being shoreline sediment transport and sea level rise.

Environmental Engineering

Clean water supply: Discusses the municipal water treatment plant process flow chart. Issues like water quality standards, physical and chemical treatment methods are highlighted.
Wastewater management: Focuses on the Newtown Creek WWTP process flow chart as an example. Key issues are physical, chemical, and biological treatment, water recycling, and discharge of treated water, particularly the concern of PFAS in biosolids.
Air pollution control: The methods and types of air pollutants are discussed. This section is related to treatment processes and transport of air pollutants.
Solid waste disposal: Includes a drawing of a landfill design, with detailed issues such as transport of waste, leachate, methane production and capture, and alternatives to landfills.
Groundwater remediation: Depicts examples of groundwater remediation techniques and discusses issues such as groundwater flow, contaminants' behavior, and alternative remediation procedures.
Alternative energy sources: Addresses research and development, and economics to understand how this area fits in with environmental engineering.

Transportation Engineering

Highways and road networks: Covers highway capacity, alignment, multi-modal use, and pavement design issues.
Railways: Includes Chicago Rail Yard and mentions subways, commuter rail, freight, horizontal/vertical alignment, and station location as major issues.
Airports: Discussion of capacity, layout, and runway design for airports and the issues of parking facilities (capacity, layout, and traffic flow).
Traffic control and signal systems: Includes topics on capacity and flow control, automated systems and driver psychology.

Geotechnical Engineering

Foundation design: Details are on design loads, subsurface formations, corrosive conditions, and superstructure types.
Slope stability analysis: Key issues include geometry of the slope, location of the water table, subsurface materials, and subsurface layering.
Construction dewatering: Different dewatering methods are reviewed, along with considerations like water table location, depth of foundation, and water disposal.
Site remediation: Focus on groundwater flow, behavior of different contaminants, and alternative remediation techniques.
Landfill design: Discusses slope stability, liner design, and cap design as critical areas in landfill site management.

Construction Engineering & Management

Design management: This section covers managing the design process.
Cost estimating and control: Covers estimating and managing the costs of projects.
Scheduling: This section covers planning the timing of construction activities.
Building information modeling (BIM): This section covers managing the information of the construction project.
Contract administration: Covers managing the contractual aspects of a project.
Construction management: Covers managing the construction project from start to finish.
Material and equipment procurement: Covers the acquisition of building materials, tools, and equipment required for a project.
Quality control: Covers checking work for quality and ensuring quality standards are met.
Temporary structures: Covers the temporary support systems.
Safety: High importance on construction safety.

Urban Systems/Informatics

Big Data: Details on big data, the Internet of things (IoT), interdisciplinary approaches to urban problems.
- Important issues cover population growth, cybersecurity, and new technologies like AI.

Topic #2 - Effective Teams

Good characteristics: Include features like commitment, flexibility, active listening, open communication, and problem-solving skills.
Bad characteristics: Mention aspects like floundering or difficulties with team members: overbearing, dominating, reluctant, etc., and issues like rush to accomplishment, attribution, wanderlust, and issues related to feuding team members.

Topic #3 - Greatest Civil Engineering Challenges of the Future

The sections in this section cover specific challenges for different engineering disciplines, such as Structural, Water, Environmental, Transportation, Geotechnical, Construction, and Urban Systems/Informatics.

###Topic #4 - Professional Licensure

NCEES: National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying.
Why become a professional engineer (PE)?: Gain societal trust, greater job opportunities, and higher compensation.
NCEES Model Law: Topics on what it means to practice engineering, licensure requirements, and the role of ABET accreditation.
Examinations: Explains the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam, its format, and required contents. It also describes the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam and its format.

Topic #5 - Engineering Ethics

The importance of studying engineering ethics, including discussing how engineers impact modern life and the development of moral autonomy.
Ethical theories: Utilitarianism, duty ethics, rights ethics, and virtue ethics.
Professional responsibilities and the pitfalls of potential ethical dilemmas.
NSPE Code of Ethics: The sections of the Code of Ethics, including preamble, fundamental canons, rules of practice, and professional obligations.
Some example dilemmas discussed include data integrity, trade secrets, gift-giving, informed consent, conflict of interest, accountability to clients, and fair treatment.

Topic #6 - ASCE Report Card

ASCE grades national/state infrastructure every four years, providing an assessment of infrastructure conditions and suggested improvements.
Infrastructure categories: Aviation, Bridges, Broadband, Dams, Drinking water, Energy, Hazardous waste, Inland waterways, Levees, Parks, Ports, Rail, Roads, Schools, Solid waste, Stormwater, Transit, Wastewater.

Topic #8 - Engineering Problem Solving

Five-step problem-solving method:
- Identify and define the problem.
- Sketch or diagram the system.
- Select theory.
- Solve the problem.
- Check your answer.

Topic #9 - Intro to Env Eng

Engineering design for environmental applications, emphasis on sustainability and health.
Environmental engineering concerns: Sources, fate, transport, and control of environmental pollutants.
Dimensions and units: Fundamental vs. derived units with focus on Density (r), Flow rate (Q), Concentration (C).

Topic #10 - Conservation of Mass

Governing equation: AR = IR-OR + PR-CR (differential equation)
Steady state? If yes, then AR = 0
Conservative pollutant? If yes, PR=CR=0
Result is IR=OR, simple algebra

Topic #11 - Drinking Water

Importance of maintaining safe drinking water, the history of water treatment.
Water quality and availability as a critical public health concern.
Health risks: water-borne illness, water-contact illness, water-privation, toxic chemicals (ADI/GV).
Interconnectedness of drinking water and wastewater.

Topic #12 - Air Pollution

Components of the air problem: emissions sources (anthropogenic, biogenic), atmosphere, and receptors (health effects).
Air quality trends (US) and global trends in pollutants.
Indoor air pollution: sources (combustion, organic compounds, etc.) and significance in terms of exposure.
Specific health considerations for O3, NO2, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM).

Homework

The homework assignment for this course involves researching and writing an explanation of what the student considers the greatest future challenge that engineers face.

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Description

Test your knowledge on funding and infrastructure issues related to parks and ports. This quiz covers various aspects such as park funding sources, maintenance backlog, and the support jobs provided by ports. Understand the challenges faced by smaller ports and the ratings of rail infrastructure in the context of overall management practices.