Park's Model and Hazard Management Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What does Park's Model look like?

What are the 4 stages of time in Park's Model?

Pre-Disaster, Relief, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction

What is the Pre-disaster stage?

Quality of life is normal. People prevent and prepare for an event.

What is the Relief stage?

A hazard has occurred. Immediate relief is the priority. Quality of life has lowered. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rehabilitation stage?

Try to return to normal. Provide food, water, or shelter to those without basic needs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reconstruction stage?

Moves towards rebuilding. Infrastructure, crops, and property are invested in. Lessons may be used to better respond next time. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 stages of Park's model?

1 Modifying the cause and event, 2 Hazard event, 3 Search, rescue and care, 4 Relief and rehabilitation including outside help, 5 Recovery: reducing vulnerability and restore normality Signup and view all the answers

Why can Park's model be useful?

It can be used to directly compare how areas at different levels of development might recover from a hazard event. Signup and view all the answers

How would a wealthier country's graph compare to a developing country?

Wealthier would be quicker and less deep; developing would take a long time and would be a deeper incident and a slower recovery. Signup and view all the answers

What is on the x-axis of the Park model?

Time Signup and view all the answers

What is on the y-axis of the Park model?

Quality of life Signup and view all the answers

What can Park's model be used to do?

Plan and understand risk and resilience as well as better prepare for future events, through modification of the responses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the hazard management cycle?

The hazard management cycle is a model that illustrates how governments and organizations can help protect people from hazards. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the hazard management cycle displayed as a continuous cycle?

To show how hazard management should be happening continuously and should cover both before and after a hazard event. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four stages of the hazard management cycle?

Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the mitigation stage of the hazard management cycle?

Prevention or minimization of the effects of a hazard. Signup and view all the answers

What does the mitigation stage of the hazard management cycle include?

Identifying possible natural hazards that could occur in the area and prevent the loss of life and property. Signup and view all the answers

When does mitigation occur?

Before and after an event. Signup and view all the answers

What is the preparedness stage of the hazard management cycle?

Preparing to deal with a hazard event. Signup and view all the answers

What does the preparedness stage of the hazard management cycle include?

Plans, early warning systems, evacuation routes, raising public awareness. Signup and view all the answers

When does preparedness occur?

Before a hazard. Signup and view all the answers

What is the response stage of the hazard management cycle?

Appropriately and effectively responding to a hazard. Signup and view all the answers

What are the aims of the response stage of the hazard management cycle?

To reduce the impacts of the disaster by saving lives, protecting properties, making areas and people safe and reducing the overall economic losses. Signup and view all the answers

What does the response stage of the hazard management cycle include?

Search and rescue efforts, evacuation, restoring critical infrastructure, ensuring that critical services continue. Signup and view all the answers

When does the response stage occur?

During the event. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recovery stage of the hazard management cycle?

The rebuilding after a hazard event. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recovery stage of the hazard management cycle split into?

Short term and long term. Signup and view all the answers

What stages of the hazard management cycle overlap?

Recovery and mitigation. Signup and view all the answers

Why do the recovery and mitigation stages of the hazard management cycle overlap?

Because of the continuous nature of the cycle. Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Park's Model

Park's Model visually represents the relationship between quality of life and time before, during, and after a hazard event.
The y-axis of the model represents quality of life, while the x-axis denotes time.
The model includes five stages: modifying the cause and event, hazard event, search/rescue/care, relief/rehabilitation with outside help, and recovery to reduce vulnerability and restore normalcy.

Stages of Park's Model

Pre-Disaster: Quality of life is normal; focus is on preventing and preparing for potential hazards.
Relief: Following a hazard, immediate relief is prioritized as quality of life declines significantly.
Rehabilitation: Aims to return to normality by providing essential services like food, water, and shelter.
Reconstruction: Focuses on rebuilding infrastructure, crops, and property, applying lessons learned for future hazard responses.

Comparison Between Countries

Wealthier countries typically experience quicker recovery and less severe impacts from hazard events compared to developing countries, which may face prolonged and deeper disruptions.

Hazard Management Cycle

The hazard management cycle illustrates how governments and organizations continuously protect people from hazards, covering actions before and after events.
Consists of four stages: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Stages of the Hazard Management Cycle

Mitigation: Focuses on preventing or minimizing hazards' effects through identifying potential risks and protecting life and property; occurs before and after events.
Preparedness: Involves planning for hazard events, including establishing early warning systems, evacuation routes, and public awareness; takes place before hazards.
Response: Effective action taken during a hazard to save lives, protect property, restore critical services, and minimize economic loss.
Recovery: Encompasses rebuilding efforts post-hazard, divided into short-term and long-term recovery initiatives.

Overlapping Stages

Recovery and mitigation stages overlap due to the continuous nature of hazard management, highlighting the ongoing need for preparedness and resilience-building even during rebuilding efforts.