Paragraph Structure and Components

Study Notes

Components of a Paragraph

A paragraph starts with a new line and has a central idea summed up in a topic sentence.
The topic sentence is supported by other sentences that expand on the topic.
The topic sentence can be the first sentence of the paragraph as an introduction.
The topic sentence and supporting sentences develop into a paragraph through various techniques such as definition, explanation, exemplification, simplification, description, comparison, and clarification.

Paragraph Development Techniques

There are various techniques to develop a paragraph, including:
- Facts and statistics
- Examples and illustration
- Process
- Comparison and contrast
- Cause and effect
- Classification and analysis
- Definition
- Analogy

Characteristics of a Paragraph

Unity: A paragraph must have one main idea or topic, and everything in the paragraph must be related to the main topic.
Coherence: A paragraph must be logically organized, with ideas arranged in a clear and logical order.
Completeness: A paragraph must show evidence of a reasonable development of a central point.
Emphasis: The central idea of a paragraph must be emphasized, with enough space devoted to discussing it.

Achieving Coherence

Coherence can be achieved through:
- Linear structuring of time sequence or space order
- Contrast and comparison
- Transitional devices such as 'consequently', 'meanwhile', 'however', 'furthermore'
- Repeating key words
- Using pronouns as references

Emphasizing the Main Idea

The central idea of a paragraph can be emphasized through:
- Repeating or summing it up in the conclusion
- Using expressions like 'chiefly', 'of course', 'importantly', 'mainly', 'indeed', 'especially'
- Devoting enough space to discussing it

Description

Learn about the different components of a paragraph, including topic sentences and supporting sentences, and how they are developed through various techniques. Explore the basics of effective paragraph writing.