Podcast
Questions and Answers
What defines breakthrough pain?
What defines breakthrough pain?
- Pain that is continuously present after surgery
- Pain that persists for more than six months
- Pain that occurs unexpectedly in chronic conditions (correct)
- A type of mixed pain
Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for undertreatment of pain?
Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for undertreatment of pain?
- Cultural and societal attitudes
- Lack of knowledge
- Fear of addiction
- Age of the client (correct)
What type of pain is defined by the pathology involved?
What type of pain is defined by the pathology involved?
- Chronic pain
- Acute pain
- Nociceptive pain (correct)
- Breakthrough pain
Which condition is NOT typically associated with mixed pain?
Which condition is NOT typically associated with mixed pain?
What behavioral indicator can assist in assessing pain in nonverbal clients?
What behavioral indicator can assist in assessing pain in nonverbal clients?
Which of the following best describes neuropathic pain?
Which of the following best describes neuropathic pain?
How does cognitive function impact the pain experience?
How does cognitive function impact the pain experience?
In which population is there a heightened risk for undertreatment of pain?
In which population is there a heightened risk for undertreatment of pain?
What is the primary role of adjuvant analgesics?
What is the primary role of adjuvant analgesics?
Which of the following interventions is recommended for managing opioid-induced constipation?
Which of the following interventions is recommended for managing opioid-induced constipation?
What should be done in response to a patient experiencing orthostatic hypotension after opioid administration?
What should be done in response to a patient experiencing orthostatic hypotension after opioid administration?
How should respiratory depression due to opioid use be initially addressed?
How should respiratory depression due to opioid use be initially addressed?
Which medication should be considered for managing nausea caused by opioid use?
Which medication should be considered for managing nausea caused by opioid use?
What is a significant advantage of using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) systems?
What is a significant advantage of using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) systems?
What is the purpose of monitoring respiratory rate prior to opioid administration?
What is the purpose of monitoring respiratory rate prior to opioid administration?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended approach for managing urinary retention in opioid users?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended approach for managing urinary retention in opioid users?
Flashcards
Acute Pain
Acute Pain
Short-term pain, usually lasting less than 3 months
Chronic Pain
Chronic Pain
Pain lasting for more than 3 months
Breakthrough Pain
Breakthrough Pain
Sudden increase in acute pain in clients with chronic pain conditions, needing further pain relief.
Mixed Pain
Mixed Pain
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Pain Assessment
Pain Assessment
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Untreated Pain
Untreated Pain
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Pain Risk Factors
Pain Risk Factors
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Pain Categories
Pain Categories
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Opioid Side Effect: Constipation
Opioid Side Effect: Constipation
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Opioid Side Effect: Orthostatic Hypotension
Opioid Side Effect: Orthostatic Hypotension
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Opioid Side Effect: Urinary Retention
Opioid Side Effect: Urinary Retention
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Opioid Side Effect: Nausea/Vomiting
Opioid Side Effect: Nausea/Vomiting
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Opioid Side Effect: Sedation
Opioid Side Effect: Sedation
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Opioid Side Effect: Respiratory Depression
Opioid Side Effect: Respiratory Depression
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Adjuvant Analgesics
Adjuvant Analgesics
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Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
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Study Notes
Pain Categorization
- Pain is categorized by duration (acute or chronic) or by pathology (nociceptive or neuropathic).
- Mixed pain is possible and difficult to categorize, arising from conditions like fibromyalgia, HIV, and Lyme disease.
- Breakthrough pain is an exacerbation of acute pain, requiring additional relief, especially in clients with chronic conditions.
Risk Factors for Untreated Pain
- Cultural and societal attitudes can affect pain management.
- Lack of knowledge regarding pain management can lead to undertreatment.
- Fear of addiction can prevent adequate pain relief.
- Exaggerated fear of respiratory depression can hinder pain management decisions.
- Populations at risk for undertreatment include infants, children, older adults, and clients with substance use disorders.
Causes of Acute and Chronic Pain
- Trauma
- Surgery
- Cancer (tumor invasion, nerve compression, bone metastases, associated infections, immobility)
- Arthritis
- Fibromyalgia
- Neuropathy
- Diagnostic or treatment procedures (injection, intubation, radiation)
Factors Affecting the Pain Experience
- Age:
- Infants cannot communicate pain.
- Older adults often have multiple conditions contributing to pain and reduced function.
- Fatigue: Increases sensitivity to pain.
- Genetics: Can influence pain tolerance.
- Cognitive function: Impaired cognitive function may lead to inaccurate pain reporting.
- Prior experiences: Past pain experiences affect sensitivity.
- Anxiety and fear: Increase pain sensitivity.
- Support systems: Can decrease pain sensitivity.
- Culture: Influences how pain is expressed and perceived.
Expected Findings/Assessment
- Pain assessment includes both self-report and observed behaviors.
- Behaviors:
- Facial expressions (grimacing, forehead wrinkling)
- Body movements (restlessness, pacing, guarding)
- Moaning, crying
- Decreased attention span
- Physiological indicators (blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate): Increase temporarily during acute pain, but not a reliable long-term measure of pain intensity.
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