Pain Management: Analgesic Ladder and Medications
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of NSAIDs?

  • Stimulation of Cox enzymes
  • Inhibition of μ-opioid receptors
  • Stimulation of dorsal horn neurons
  • Inhibition of prostaglandins production (correct)
  • Which medication is specifically used to treat period pain (menorrhagia)?

  • Diclofenac
  • Ibuprofen
  • Mefenamic acid (correct)
  • Naproxen
  • What type of pain is associated with damage to nerve fibers?

  • Somatic pain
  • Inflammatory pain
  • Visceral pain
  • Neuropathic pain (correct)
  • Which medication is a weak μ-opioid receptor agonist?

    <p>Tramadol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of action for Paracetamol?

    <p>Descending control pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pain is associated with the use of NSAIDs?

    <p>Inflammatory pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is characterized by being contraindicated in asthmatics and those with gastric problems?

    <p>NSAIDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of action for medications such as Amitriptyline and Gabapentin?

    <p>Spinal (dorsal horn neurons)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of medications such as Ibuprofen, Naproxen, and Diclofenac?

    <p>Cox inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used in combination with Codeine to form Co-codamol?

    <p>Paracetamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of action for NSAIDs?

    <p>Site of injury/painful stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is specifically targeted by medications like Amitriptyline and Pregabalin?

    <p>Neuropathic pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of medications like Paracetamol?

    <p>Unknown mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a combination of Codeine and another analgesic?

    <p>Co-codamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of action for medications like Morphine?

    <p>Descending control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Analgesic Ladder

    • The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway, with NSAIDs being the first step in pain management
    • NSAIDs work at the site of injury or painful stimulus, targeting inflammatory pain

    NSAIDs

    • Examples of NSAIDs include ibuprofen, Naproxen, and Diclofenac
    • NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins through Cox inhibitors
    • Contraindications for NSAIDs include asthmatics and individuals with gastric problems
    • Specific NSAIDs can be used for certain conditions, such as mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)

    Analgesia and Descending Control

    • Analgesia is achieved through descending control mechanisms
    • Examples of analgesics in this category include Paracetamol, Codeine-based co-codamol, and Tramadol
    • Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist

    Neuropathic Pain Management

    • Neuropathic pain is managed through spinal (dorsal horn neurons) mechanisms
    • Examples of medications used to manage neuropathic pain include Amitriptyline, gabapentin, and Pregabalin

    The Analgesic Ladder

    • The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway, with NSAIDs being the first step in pain management
    • NSAIDs work at the site of injury or painful stimulus, targeting inflammatory pain

    NSAIDs

    • Examples of NSAIDs include ibuprofen, Naproxen, and Diclofenac
    • NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins through Cox inhibitors
    • Contraindications for NSAIDs include asthmatics and individuals with gastric problems
    • Specific NSAIDs can be used for certain conditions, such as mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)

    Analgesia and Descending Control

    • Analgesia is achieved through descending control mechanisms
    • Examples of analgesics in this category include Paracetamol, Codeine-based co-codamol, and Tramadol
    • Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist

    Neuropathic Pain Management

    • Neuropathic pain is managed through spinal (dorsal horn neurons) mechanisms
    • Examples of medications used to manage neuropathic pain include Amitriptyline, gabapentin, and Pregabalin

    The Analgesic Ladder

    • The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway, with NSAIDs being the first step in pain management
    • NSAIDs work at the site of injury or painful stimulus, targeting inflammatory pain

    NSAIDs

    • Examples of NSAIDs include ibuprofen, Naproxen, and Diclofenac
    • NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins through Cox inhibitors
    • Contraindications for NSAIDs include asthmatics and individuals with gastric problems
    • Specific NSAIDs can be used for certain conditions, such as mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)

    Analgesia and Descending Control

    • Analgesia is achieved through descending control mechanisms
    • Examples of analgesics in this category include Paracetamol, Codeine-based co-codamol, and Tramadol
    • Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist

    Neuropathic Pain Management

    • Neuropathic pain is managed through spinal (dorsal horn neurons) mechanisms
    • Examples of medications used to manage neuropathic pain include Amitriptyline, gabapentin, and Pregabalin

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    Description

    Explore the analgesic ladder, which mirrors the pain pathway, and learn about the different types of medications used to manage pain, including NSAIDs, Paracetamol, and opioids.

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