Analgesic Ladder in Pain Management
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary target of NSAIDs in pain relief?

  • Site of injury/painful stimulus (correct)
  • Descending control
  • μ-opioid receptors
  • Dorsal horn neurons
  • What type of pain is treated with Amitriptyline?

  • Cancer pain
  • Neuropathic pain (correct)
  • Inflammatory pain
  • Chronic pain
  • Which medication is contraindicated in asthmatics and those with gastric problems?

  • Paracetamol
  • Morphine
  • Codeine
  • Ibuprofen (correct)
  • What is the specific use of Mefenamic acid?

    <p>Period pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?

    <p>μ-opioid receptor agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is addressed by the first step of the analgesic ladder?

    <p>Inflammatory pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Cox inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit the production of prostaglandins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used for analgesia in the descending control pathway?

    <p>Paracetamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of action of Amitriptyline and similar medications?

    <p>Dorsal horn neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of medications in the first step of the analgesic ladder?

    <p>They are all Cox inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Analgesic Ladder

    • The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway

    Step 1: NSAIDs

    • Site of action: site of injury/painful stimulus
    • Mechanism of action: Cox inhibitors, inhibit production of prostaglandins
    • Examples: ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac
    • Contraindications: asthmatics and those with gastric problems
    • Specialized indication: mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)

    Step 2: Analgesia

    • Site of action: descending control
    • Examples: Paracetamol, Codeine-based (e.g., co-codamol), Tramadol
    • Note: Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist
    • Also includes: Morphine

    Step 3: Neuropathic Pain

    • Site of action: spinal (dorsal horn neurons)
    • Examples: Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, Pregabalin

    Analgesic Ladder

    • The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway

    Step 1: NSAIDs

    • Site of action: site of injury/painful stimulus
    • Mechanism of action: Cox inhibitors, inhibit production of prostaglandins
    • Examples: ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac
    • Contraindications: asthmatics and those with gastric problems
    • Specialized indication: mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)

    Step 2: Analgesia

    • Site of action: descending control
    • Examples: Paracetamol, Codeine-based (e.g., co-codamol), Tramadol
    • Note: Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist
    • Also includes: Morphine

    Step 3: Neuropathic Pain

    • Site of action: spinal (dorsal horn neurons)
    • Examples: Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, Pregabalin

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    Description

    Explore the analgesic ladder, a step-by-step approach to pain management. Learn about the different stages, mechanisms of action, and examples of medications used to alleviate pain.

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