Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary target of NSAIDs in pain relief?
What is the primary target of NSAIDs in pain relief?
- Site of injury/painful stimulus (correct)
- Descending control
- μ-opioid receptors
- Dorsal horn neurons
What type of pain is treated with Amitriptyline?
What type of pain is treated with Amitriptyline?
- Cancer pain
- Neuropathic pain (correct)
- Inflammatory pain
- Chronic pain
Which medication is contraindicated in asthmatics and those with gastric problems?
Which medication is contraindicated in asthmatics and those with gastric problems?
- Paracetamol
- Morphine
- Codeine
- Ibuprofen (correct)
What is the specific use of Mefenamic acid?
What is the specific use of Mefenamic acid?
What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?
What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol?
Which type of pain is addressed by the first step of the analgesic ladder?
Which type of pain is addressed by the first step of the analgesic ladder?
What is the mechanism of action of Cox inhibitors?
What is the mechanism of action of Cox inhibitors?
Which medication is used for analgesia in the descending control pathway?
Which medication is used for analgesia in the descending control pathway?
What is the site of action of Amitriptyline and similar medications?
What is the site of action of Amitriptyline and similar medications?
What is the common feature of medications in the first step of the analgesic ladder?
What is the common feature of medications in the first step of the analgesic ladder?
Study Notes
Analgesic Ladder
- The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway
Step 1: NSAIDs
- Site of action: site of injury/painful stimulus
- Mechanism of action: Cox inhibitors, inhibit production of prostaglandins
- Examples: ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac
- Contraindications: asthmatics and those with gastric problems
- Specialized indication: mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)
Step 2: Analgesia
- Site of action: descending control
- Examples: Paracetamol, Codeine-based (e.g., co-codamol), Tramadol
- Note: Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist
- Also includes: Morphine
Step 3: Neuropathic Pain
- Site of action: spinal (dorsal horn neurons)
- Examples: Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, Pregabalin
Analgesic Ladder
- The analgesic ladder mirrors the pain pathway
Step 1: NSAIDs
- Site of action: site of injury/painful stimulus
- Mechanism of action: Cox inhibitors, inhibit production of prostaglandins
- Examples: ibuprofen, Naproxen, Diclofenac
- Contraindications: asthmatics and those with gastric problems
- Specialized indication: mefenamic acid for period pain (menorrhagia)
Step 2: Analgesia
- Site of action: descending control
- Examples: Paracetamol, Codeine-based (e.g., co-codamol), Tramadol
- Note: Tramadol is a very weak μ-opioid receptor agonist
- Also includes: Morphine
Step 3: Neuropathic Pain
- Site of action: spinal (dorsal horn neurons)
- Examples: Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, Pregabalin
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Description
Explore the analgesic ladder, a step-by-step approach to pain management. Learn about the different stages, mechanisms of action, and examples of medications used to alleviate pain.
