Female Reproductive System (Easy)

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What is the main function of the corpus luteum in the ovarian cycle?

Maintain the uterine lining

Produce HIGH levels of estrogen

Produce HIGH levels of progesterone (correct)

Regulate LH and FSH levels

What causes the sudden surge in LH and FSH levels?

High estrogen positive feedback (correct)

Basal levels of LH and FSH

Low inhibin levels

High progesterone negative feedback

What is the reason for the patient's symptoms of feeling warm and having a viscous mucoid secretion coming out of her vagina?

High levels of progesterone

Low levels of LH and FSH

Low levels of inhibin

High levels of estrogen (correct)

What is the result of high progesterone, inhibin, and estrogen levels on LH and FSH?

They negatively feedback on LH and FSH levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of the pituitary to falling estrogen and progesterone levels?

Increase FSH levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone in the female reproductive system?

To prepare uterus for pregnancy and breast for lactation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following estrogens is the most dominant in menopause?

Estrone Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the meiotic maturation, ovulation, and luteinization in the ovarian cycle?

LH surge Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in the female reproductive system?

Cell proliferation and growth of sex organs and responsible for most of the secondary sexual characteristics of female Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the declining FSH levels in the ovarian cycle?

Atresia of all but 1 follicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Luteinizing Hormone in the ovarian cycle?

To prime the follicle for ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of GnRH in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovary Axis?

To activate the basophil cells containing gonadotropins Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme that is upregulated by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone?

Aromatase (CYP19) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of kisspeptin neurons in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovary Axis?

To release GnRH Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of gonadotropins in terms of their structure?

They have similar alpha chain but different beta chains Signup and view all the answers

Where is progesterone primarily transported from in the ovaries?

Granulosa cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone in the uterus?

Inhibiting uterine contraction Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of progesterone is bound to albumin, according to Berne?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of progesterone on the cervix?

Stimulating copious quantities of thin, watery, slightly alkaline mucus Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that inhibits GnRH production?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the GnRH in the hypothalamus?

Arcuate nucleus and preoptic area Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of GnRH release?

Once every hour Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of small levels of estrogen on GnRH during infancy?

Negative feedback Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of GnRH release during puberty?

Initially irregular, becoming rhythmic later Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the activation of the cycles that release gonadotropins and ovarian steroid hormones during puberty?

The female is now able to procreate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the external genitalia in the female reproductive system?

To protect the vagina and support the pelvic floor Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the growth and maturation of the follicles in the ovaries?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the uterine cycle?

To prepare the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for maintaining the pregnancy?

Progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries in the female reproductive system?

Hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle Signup and view all the answers

During the secretory phase, the uterine glands produce a:

nutrient-rich product Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone during the luteal phase?

To prepare the uterus for implantation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high progesterone levels on the uterine epithelial lining?

It becomes more adhesive and glue-like Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?

To produce estrogen and progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of progesterone on the stromal cells during the luteal phase?

It promotes their differentiation into predecidual cells Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the ovarian cycle is progesterone production dominant?

Luteal phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the proliferative phase in the uterine cycle?

To thicken the uterine lining Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the uterine glands during the secretory phase?