Overview of the Immune System and Lymphatic System
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the lymphatic system in relation to the blood stream?

  • Carries excess fluid to the blood stream and removes pathogens (correct)
  • Generates antibodies to fight infections within the blood stream
  • Transports nutrients from the blood stream to the cells
  • Creates a barrier to block pathogens from entering the blood stream

    • What can happen if the lymphatic system gets blocked?

  • Immune response gets stronger
  • Skin thickens to prevent further blockages
  • Mucus membranes become less effective
  • Lymphedema can develop (correct)

    • How does lymph move in the lymphatic system?

  • By gravitational force
  • Through electrical impulses
  • Due to pressure within the lymphatic system
  • Due to muscle contractions and breathing (correct)

    • What is the function of lymph nodes in the immune system?

    <p>Staging area for an immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system can be organized into three phases: barrier, innate, and adaptive?

    <p>Immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lacteals in the intestines?

    <p>Carry dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins to the liver and bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are B, T, and natural killer (NK) cells classified as?

    <p>Leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do B cells mature?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of NK cells in the immune response?

    <p>Destroy infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell comes from monocytes and is known for attacking foreign substances?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of phagocytes in the immune system?

    <p>Destroy pathogens by ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the lymphatic system contains many dendritic cells and macrophages?

    <p>Spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cytotoxic T cells in the immune response?

    <p>Destroy infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a primary lymphoid organ?

    <p><strong>Lymph nodes</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which NK cells kill infected cells?

    <p><strong>Apoptosis</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason the HIV virus is so difficult to eliminate?

    <p>It is able to hide in the body and never get completely destroyed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism behind Type 1 hypersensitivity (immediate hypersensitivity)?

    <p>IgE binding to mast cells and causing degranulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of epinephrine injectors in the treatment of anaphylactic shock?

    <p>To inhibit the anaphylactic response and prevent life-threatening symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the 'Elimination' and 'Escape' phases of cancer and the immune system?

    <p>Elimination means the immune system kills most cancer cells, while Escape means the cancer cells evade the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that family members are more likely to be a match for organ/tissue transplantation?

    <p>They have similar genetic backgrounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key risk associated with a bone marrow transplant, as described in the text?

    <p>The recipient's body will have no immune response of its own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of regulatory T cells?

    <p>To suppress other T cells and immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which B cells that might attack 'self' antigens are eliminated?

    <p>Central tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antibody is associated with allergies and anaphylaxis?

    <p>IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the reciprocal relationship between virus and antibody levels in the blood?

    <p>Seroconversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune cells are primarily responsible for killing viruses inside the body?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which pathogens can evade the immune system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunodeficiency affects both the T and B cell arms of the immune system?

    <p>Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which antibodies can prevent pathogens from binding to receptors?

    <p>Neutralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity involves the transfer of antibodies, such as from a mother to a fetus or during a blood transfusion?

    <p>Passive immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process by which a B cell changes the type of antibody it produces?

    <p>Class switching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of opsonization?

    <p>To mark pathogens for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?

    <p>Coldness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the inflammatory response?

    <p>To kill pathogens and clean up debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histamine in inflammation?

    <p>Causing vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do large amounts of swelling in an injury indicate?

    <p>Presence of neutrophils in the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response slows down a pathogen to allow time for the adaptive immune response to develop?

    <p>Innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T cells?

    <p>Bind to antigens for recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during clonal expansion in T cells?

    <p>Rapid mitosis and cell replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell helps draw B cells to antigens?

    <p>Th2 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antigen presenting cells in the immune response?

    <p>Present antigens to T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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