Questions and Answers
What is OCD characterized by?
The presence of obsessions and/or compulsions.
Compulsions are always connected in a realistic way to the event they aim to prevent.
False
Obsessions are defined by recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced as ________ and unwanted.
intrusive
Which of the following are examples of compulsive behaviors?
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What distinguishes the obsessions or compulsions in OCD?
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Obsessive-compulsive symptoms can be caused by the physiological effects of a substance.
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Specifiers in OCD can include which of the following insights?
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Study Notes
Overview of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
- Includes Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Hoarding Disorder, Trichotillomania, and Skin Picking.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Classified in DSM-4 within Anxiety Disorders Cluster.
- Characterized by obsessions (intrusive, unwanted thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors performed to alleviate anxiety).
Obsessions
- Defined as recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images causing marked anxiety or distress.
- Individuals attempt to ignore or suppress these obsessions or neutralize them with compulsions.
Compulsions
- Involve repetitive behaviors (e.g., hand washing, checking) or mental acts (e.g., counting) driven by obsessions.
- Aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing feared situations but are typically excessive or unrealistic.
Diagnostic Criteria
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Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both:
- Obsessions characterized by intrusive thoughts causing distress.
- Compulsions involve behaviors or mental acts that feel necessary.
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Time requirement: Symptoms must be time-consuming (more than one hour daily) or cause clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning.
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Exclusion criteria: Symptoms must not be attributed to physiological effects of substances or other medical conditions, nor better explained by another mental disorder.
Insight and Dysfunctional Beliefs
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Insight varies:
- Good/Fair: Recognizes beliefs might not be true.
- Poor: Beliefs are probably true.
- Absent/Delusional: Fully convinced beliefs are true.
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Dysfunctional beliefs in OCD can include:
- Inflated sense of responsibility.
- Overestimating threats.
- Perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty.
- Over-importance of thoughts leading to anxiety.
Variability in OCD Symptoms
- Individuals show varying degrees of insight regarding their obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the beliefs that underlie them.
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Description
Explore the characteristics and diagnostic criteria of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and related disorders. This quiz covers essential concepts such as obsessions, compulsions, and their prevalence in anxiety disorders. Gain a deeper understanding of how these disorders affect individuals and the behaviors involved.
