Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a crucial requirement for a BASIC program statement?
What is a crucial requirement for a BASIC program statement?
Which type of data can have arithmetic operations performed on it in BASIC?
Which type of data can have arithmetic operations performed on it in BASIC?
What does the term 'Reserved Keyword' refer to in BASIC programming?
What does the term 'Reserved Keyword' refer to in BASIC programming?
What specifies that a variable should hold a string value in BASIC programming?
What specifies that a variable should hold a string value in BASIC programming?
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Which of the following is NOT a version of the BASIC programming language?
Which of the following is NOT a version of the BASIC programming language?
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What must NOT be included at the end of a BASIC statement?
What must NOT be included at the end of a BASIC statement?
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Which operator type includes comparisons between values in BASIC?
Which operator type includes comparisons between values in BASIC?
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In BASIC programming, the maximum range for line numbers is:
In BASIC programming, the maximum range for line numbers is:
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What type of software is primarily designed to perform user tasks such as word processing and web browsing?
What type of software is primarily designed to perform user tasks such as word processing and web browsing?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of an application package?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an application package?
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What is the purpose of a utility program?
What is the purpose of a utility program?
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Which type of translator converts high-level code into machine code all at once?
Which type of translator converts high-level code into machine code all at once?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of translator?
Which of the following is NOT a type of translator?
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What is a characteristic of general-purpose application packages?
What is a characteristic of general-purpose application packages?
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In which computing age did the use of stones and markings for counting originate?
In which computing age did the use of stones and markings for counting originate?
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Which of the following is a primary function of an operating system?
Which of the following is a primary function of an operating system?
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Which component of the Analytical engine is responsible for performing calculations?
Which component of the Analytical engine is responsible for performing calculations?
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What was used to assist in summarizing information in the Hollerith Census Machine?
What was used to assist in summarizing information in the Hollerith Census Machine?
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Which of the following devices is known for being an input device in early computers?
Which of the following devices is known for being an input device in early computers?
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Which type of printer typically uses a ribbon to print characters onto the paper?
Which type of printer typically uses a ribbon to print characters onto the paper?
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What method was primarily used for programming 20th century computers?
What method was primarily used for programming 20th century computers?
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What was the primary purpose of the Manchester Mark 1?
What was the primary purpose of the Manchester Mark 1?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Analytical engine?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Analytical engine?
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What significant advancement did the Difference engine offer in computation?
What significant advancement did the Difference engine offer in computation?
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Study Notes
Scheme of Work
- Week 1: Overview of computer systems (hardware, software, people)
- Week 1: Historical development of computing devices (pre-computing devices)
- Week 1: 20th/21st-century computers (ENIAC, EDSAC, microcomputers)
- Week 2: Input devices
- Week 3: Output devices
- Week 4: Operating systems
- Week 5: Midterm break
- Week 6: The future of computing (robotics and artificial intelligence)
- Week 7: Programming languages
- Week 8: Introduction to BASIC programming
Computer System Overview
- A computer performs four basic functions: accepts data, stores data, processes data, and gives out information.
- A computer system is an electronic machine that accepts, stores, and processes data into meaningful information.
- Computer hardware are the physical parts of a computer.
- The computer is made up of hardware and software.
- Input devices: keyboard, mouse, scanner
- Output devices: monitor, printer, plotter
- Central Processing Unit (CPU): Control unit, Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU)
- Storage devices: Primary storage (RAM), secondary storage (hard disk, flash drives)
- Multimedia devices
Computer Hardware (Input Devices)
- Input devices allow users to enter data, commands, and programs into a system.
- Examples include keyboards, mice, scanners, joysticks, and graphics tablets.
Computer Hardware (Output Devices)
- Output devices display information to the user.
- Examples include printers, plotters, monitors, speakers, and headphones.
Computer Hardware (Storage Devices)
- Storage devices hold information/programs temporarily or permanently.
- Examples include primary storage (RAM) and secondary storage (hard disks, flash drives, compact discs, magnetic tapes).
Computer Hardware (System Unit)
- Includes the motherboard, CPU, memory (RAM), and power supply unit (PSU)
- Motherboard: distributes power, enables communication to and from RAM, CPU, and other hardware.
- CPU: interprets and executes computer commands; has a control unit and ALU
- RAM: stores data and programs for immediate processing
- PSU: provides power for the computer
Computer Hardware (Peripherals)
- External devices connected to the CPU
- Input examples: keyboard, mouse, joystick, graphics tablet, touchpad, microphone, scanner, web camera
- Output examples: printer, monitor, plotter, speakers, headphones, media projector
Computer Hardware (Storage Devices)
- Auxiliary memory external to the system unit
- Examples: hard disk, flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, memory cards
Computer Software (Operating System)
- System software manages computer resources, including applications and user interface tools.
- Operating system Examples: MS-Windows, macOS, Linux
Computer Software (Translators)
- Software that translates program written in one level of programming to another level; examples include Compiler, Interpreter, Assembler
Computer Software (Utility Programs)
- Programs for managing system resources (e.g., disk drives, memory), like routines for debugging, copying files, editing routines and antivirus
Computer Software (Application Software)
- Programs for performing specific tasks (e.g., word processing, web browsing, graphics, games.)
- Examples: web browsers, word processors, spreadsheets, databases, presentation software, graphics software, media players and games
The History of Computing (Pre-Computing Era to 19th Century)
- Early computing devices: abacus, slide rule, Napier's bones, Pascal calculator, Leibniz multiplier, Jacquard loom, Analytical Engine, Hollerith census machines, Burroughs's machine
The History of Computing (20th Century to Date)
- 20th-century computers: ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC, Manchester Mark 1, Harvard Mark 1 etc.
- Features of the ENIAC: vacuum tubes, circuitry memory component, large & enormous panels, consumed high energy, used binary coding instructions
- UNIVAC I: the first commercially available computer
Microcomputers
- Small, affordable, and common type of computers
- Based on microprocessor chip technology
- Examples: desktops, laptops, palmtops, and personal digital assistants
Programming Languages
- Programming is the act of giving instructions to a computer
- Programming languages are used for communication between programmers and computers to create programs
- Three levels: machine language, low level language (assembly language), high-level language
- Advantages of high-level languages: easier to learn and use, user friendly, faster to write programs, easier to maintain, machine-independent
- Disadvantages of high-level languages: consumes more memory, difficult to translate, and time-consuming
- Examples of high-level programming languages: FORTRAN, COBOL, PASCAL,BASIC, C++, Java, APL, Python
Programming with BASIC
- BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code): a high-level programming language
- It's easy to learn and use because of the rules
- It has a command language for operating systems
BASIC Statements
- REM: inserts comments or remarks in a program.
- LET: assigns a value to a variable.
- INPUT: collects input from the user.
- READ, DATA: enters data into a program before running.
- FOR, NEXT: facilitates repetition or iteration.
- SAVE: saves a copy of a program to a storage device.
- PRINT: displays output.
- END: terminates the running of the program.
Simple BASIC Programs (Examples)
- Programs that perform basic operations, like addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, and outputting specific data, using BASIC instructions.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts of computer systems, including hardware, software, input and output devices, and programming languages. Explore the historical development and future of computing, including robotics and artificial intelligence. Test your knowledge on the basics of BASIC programming as well.
