Overview of Child Psychology
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Questions and Answers

What is the focus of child development as a scientific field?

  • Research methods in developmental psychology
  • Major findings on how children develop (correct)
  • Understanding variations among children
  • Parenting techniques

    • Which question is related to normative development in child psychology?

  • Why are some kids more aggressive than others?
  • When are children most aggressive? (correct)
  • How do variations among children come about?
  • Why do some children lack social skills?

    • What is the example provided in the text to explain nature vs. nurture in child development?

  • Cultural influences
  • Community interactions
  • Genetic factors vs. environmental factors (correct)
  • Parenting styles

    • Which of the following is NOT a topic covered in the course according to the text?

    <p>Abnormal development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of babies' physical development is discussed in the text regarding prenatal stages?

    <p>Hearing, Smelling, and Tasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental aspect is associated with understanding object permanence according to the text?

    <p>Cognitive Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of the scientific method?

    <p>To explain how things work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of experiments in determining causality?

    <p>Investigating if X caused Y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In experimental design, what is a limitation due to ethical reasons?

    <p>Manipulating abusive home environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a theory in the context of the scientific method?

    <p>A set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key to science according to the text?

    <p>Evaluating theories and hypotheses based on data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of design that involves no manipulation of variables by researchers?

    <p>Correlational design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hypothesis in the context of the scientific method?

    <p>A prediction about behavior drawn from a theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.7 indicate?

    <p>Moderate negative correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can causation be inferred according to the text?

    <p>Through experimental designs involving manipulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gathering evidence in the scientific method?

    <p>To turn opinions into something scientific and objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between theories and hypotheses?

    <p>Hypotheses are derived from theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of having a control group in an experiment?

    <p>To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between conceptual and operational definitions of variables?

    <p>Conceptual definitions are theoretical, while operational definitions are practical realizations of the variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example of "Media violence causes aggressive behavior," what is the conceptual independent variable?

    <p>Media violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a good mapping between a conceptual and operational variable?

    <p>Internet use → Hours of internet surfing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to be conscious of the gap between conceptual and operational variables?

    <p>To understand the limitations of the operational measures in capturing the true conceptual variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of assigning participants to groups is based on pre-existing characteristics like gender, age, or ethnicity?

    <p>Matching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main message of the passage?

    <p>Correlation does not imply causation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key advantage of a longitudinal research design?

    <p>It allows for the study of developmental changes over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a limitation of a cross-sectional research design?

    <p>It cannot establish causation between variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following could potentially explain the association between watching violent cartoons and aggressive behavior in children?

    <p>Low parental control leads to both watching violent cartoons and aggressive behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs?

    <p>Longitudinal studies examine the behavior of interest within the same group of participants over time, while cross-sectional studies compare different groups of children at different ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key limitation of longitudinal research designs?

    <p>Substantial commitment of time and expense</p> Signup and view all the answers

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