29 Questions
What is the focus of child development as a scientific field?
Major findings on how children develop
Which question is related to normative development in child psychology?
When are children most aggressive?
What is the example provided in the text to explain nature vs. nurture in child development?
Genetic factors vs. environmental factors
Which of the following is NOT a topic covered in the course according to the text?
Abnormal development
What aspect of babies' physical development is discussed in the text regarding prenatal stages?
Hearing, Smelling, and Tasting
Which developmental aspect is associated with understanding object permanence according to the text?
Cognitive Development
What is the goal of the scientific method?
To explain how things work
What is the main advantage of experiments in determining causality?
Investigating if X caused Y
In experimental design, what is a limitation due to ethical reasons?
Manipulating abusive home environments
What is a theory in the context of the scientific method?
A set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior
What is the key to science according to the text?
Evaluating theories and hypotheses based on data
What is a type of design that involves no manipulation of variables by researchers?
Correlational design
What is a hypothesis in the context of the scientific method?
A prediction about behavior drawn from a theory
What does a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.7 indicate?
Moderate negative correlation
When can causation be inferred according to the text?
Through experimental designs involving manipulation
What is the purpose of gathering evidence in the scientific method?
To turn opinions into something scientific and objective
What is the relationship between theories and hypotheses?
Hypotheses are derived from theories
What is the purpose of having a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group
What is the difference between conceptual and operational definitions of variables?
Conceptual definitions are theoretical, while operational definitions are practical realizations of the variables
In the example of "Media violence causes aggressive behavior," what is the conceptual independent variable?
Media violence
Which of the following is an example of a good mapping between a conceptual and operational variable?
Internet use → Hours of internet surfing
Why is it important to be conscious of the gap between conceptual and operational variables?
To understand the limitations of the operational measures in capturing the true conceptual variables
Which method of assigning participants to groups is based on pre-existing characteristics like gender, age, or ethnicity?
Matching
What is the main message of the passage?
Correlation does not imply causation
Which of the following is a key advantage of a longitudinal research design?
It allows for the study of developmental changes over time
Which of the following is a limitation of a cross-sectional research design?
It cannot establish causation between variables
According to the passage, which of the following could potentially explain the association between watching violent cartoons and aggressive behavior in children?
Low parental control leads to both watching violent cartoons and aggressive behavior
What is the main difference between longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs?
Longitudinal studies examine the behavior of interest within the same group of participants over time, while cross-sectional studies compare different groups of children at different ages
Which of the following is a key limitation of longitudinal research designs?
Substantial commitment of time and expense
Explore child development as a scientific field, major findings about how children develop, ways of thinking about children, and focus on research. Learn about normative development (typical development) and individual differences among children.
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