Ovarian Cycle and Hormone Regulation

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum in the ovarian cycle?

To inhibit the production of LH

To regulate the release of GnRH

To secrete progesterone and estrogen (correct)

To stimulate the release of FSH

What triggers ovulation in the ovarian cycle?

The secretion of estrogen

The release of FSH

The decrease of progesterone

The surge of LH (correct)

What is the primary function of progesterone in the uterine cycle?

To prepare the uterine wall for implantation (correct)

To inhibit the release of GnRH

To regulate the production of FSH

To stimulate the growth of the uterine wall

What is the term for the first menstrual bleed in a female?

Menarche Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of FSH in the ovarian cycle?

To stimulate the maturation of ovarian follicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the complete stop of menstrual periods in a female?

Menopause Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of GnRH in the ovarian cycle?

To stimulate the release of FSH and LH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the uterine cycle phase characterized by bleeding and the shedding of the uterine wall?

Menstrual phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the semen in the reproductive process?

To nourish and lubricate the reproductive tract Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glands is responsible for the alkaline pH of the semen?

Seminal vesicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of semen ejaculated during sexual intercourse?

2-6 ml Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Luteinizing hormone in the male reproductive system?

Promotes development of the interstitial cells of the testes and the secretion of testosterone Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for the enlargement and development of the testes?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scrotum?

To contain the testicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of ovarian follicles present at birth?

2 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the ovarian follicle in the female reproductive system?

Egg development and ovulation Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain plays a crucial role in the hormonal control of the male reproductive system?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone promotes spermatogenesis in the male reproductive system?

Follicular stimulating hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of sperm cells released during ejaculation?

200-600 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the secondary function of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

Increased hair growth and deepening of voice Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

Egg production and secretion of hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the ovarian follicle releases a mature egg?

Ovulation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ovarian Cycle

Follicular cells rupture and form corpus luteum after ovulation
LH stimulates corpus luteum to secrete progesterone and estrogen
FSH and LH stimulate maturation of ovarian follicle, which secretes estrogen
Ends with a rise of LH on day 14, causing ovulation

Uterine Cycle (Menstrual Cycle)

Menstrual Phase: bleeding, layer of uterine wall leaves the uterus
Proliferative Phase: repair and growth of uterine wall
Secretory Phase: caused by progesterone secretion, preparing uterine wall for fertilized egg

Hormonal Control of the Female Reproductive Cycle

Hypothalamus secretes releasing hormone, stimulating anterior pituitary gland
Anterior pituitary gland secretes 2 gonadotrophins: FSH and LH
FSH promotes follicular growth, LH stimulates ovulation

Breast and Mammary Glands

No specific information provided

Menarche, Menses, Menopause

Menarche: first menstrual bleed
Menses: menstrual periods until late 40s or early 50s
Menopause: complete stop of menstrual periods

The Female Reproductive System

3 roles: produces eggs, secretes hormones, and nurtures and protects a developing fetus during pregnancy
Key organ: ovaries

The Ovaries

Egg development, ovulation, and ovarian hormones
Egg development: within ovarian follicles, 2 million at birth, 400,000 at puberty
Ovulation: once a month, ovarian follicle bursts and ejects a mature egg

The Male Reproductive System

Key organ: testes
Accessory organs: seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland
Accessory glands: produce fluids for semen
Semen: mixture of sperm and fluids from accessory glands, milky white liquid with alkaline pH

External Genitals

Scrotum: sac or pouch of skin that contains the testicles
Penis: carries urine and acts as the organ for sexual intercourse

Male Sex Hormones (Androgens)

Testosterone:
- Primary: enlargement and development of testes and other accessory organs
- Secondary: increased hair growth, deepening of voice, thickening of skin, and increased musculoskeletal growth and development

Hormonal Control of the Male Reproductive Cycle

Controlled primarily by the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and testes

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Description

This quiz covers the processes involved in the ovarian cycle, including the role of GnRH and LH in stimulating hormone secretion and corpus luteum formation.