Ovarian Biology Quiz
39 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which structure in the ovaries is primarily responsible for producing estrogen?

  • Primary follicle
  • Mature follicle (correct)
  • Cortex
  • Medulla

What hormone is specifically known for promoting pregnancy?

  • Follicle-stimulating hormone
  • Luteinizing hormone
  • Progesterone (correct)
  • Estrogen

In which species do the ovaries lie at the pelvic inlet due to caudal migration?

  • Queens
  • Mares
  • Bitches
  • Cows (correct)

Which animal has its ovarian cortex located in the center?

<p>Mare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of follicle develops a fluid-filled zone?

<p>Tertiary follicle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of the placenta?

<p>Exchanges nutrients between mother and fetus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is considered the innermost layer of the placenta?

<p>Amnion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the allantois in the context of the placenta?

<p>Provides vasculature from the mother (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the chorion?

<p>The outermost layer of the placenta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not describe a function of the placenta?

<p>Regulates maternal oxygen levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fetal endothelium?

<p>Lines the allantoic blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ovarian bursa?

<p>To produce female gametes and sex hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does ovulation specifically occur in mares?

<p>Within the ovulation fossa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species lacks the maternal epithelium and connective tissue layers in their placenta?

<p>Dogs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the corpus luteum?

<p>It produces progesterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the chorionic epithelium?

<p>Surface layer of the chorioallantoic membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of placenta is present in dogs and cats?

<p>Endotheliochorial placenta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for connecting the vagina with the external genital opening?

<p>Vesitbule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the maternal component of the placenta?

<p>Caruncle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds the blood vessels in fetal connective tissue of the chorioallantois?

<p>Mesoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are responsible for producing reproductive hormones?

<p>Theca cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cervix in the female reproductive system?

<p>Holds the fetus in the uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scar tissue that forms after the corpus luteum degenerates called?

<p>Corpus albicans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vagina in the female reproductive system?

<p>Site of sperm deposition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species possesses a funnel-shaped cervix?

<p>Sow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which events is the cervical canal open?

<p>Estrus and birth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium is found cranially in the vagina?

<p>Ciliated columnar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary acidic characteristic of the vagina important for maintaining health?

<p>Prevents bacterial infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which portion of the broad ligament attaches the ovary to the dorsolateral abdominal wall?

<p>Mesovarium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the ovary to the last rib?

<p>Suspensory ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cervical canal best described as?

<p>Channel through the cervix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the oviduct?

<p>Carries sperm towards the ovary and oocytes to the uterus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the oviduct contains fimbriae and is responsible for picking up the oocyte from the ovary?

<p>Infundibulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the ampulla segment of the oviduct?

<p>It has a convoluted, ciliated epithelium and is the longest segment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of the uterus?

<p>Endometrium, Myometrium, Perimetrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the uterus is characterized by a massive wall of smooth muscle?

<p>Myometrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the body of the uterus?

<p>Between the uterine horns and cervix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant role does the cervix play in the reproductive system?

<p>It holds the fetus in the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which species can annular rings be found in the cervix?

<p>Pigs, Cows, and Horses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mature Follicle

The stage of the follicle where estrogen, the primary female sex hormone, is produced and stored.

Pregnancy-Promoting Hormone

Progesterone is the hormone responsible for preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining pregnancy.

Ovaries

The ovaries are a pair of organs located in the abdomen near the kidneys in most species.

Ovarian Follicles

These are the structures within the ovaries that contain the developing egg cells (oocytes).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tertiary Follicle

The mature follicle grows and develops a fluid-filled zone called the antrum.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ovulation Fossa

The site where ovulation occurs in mares.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Corpus hemorrhagicum

A small hemorrhage or blood clotted area formed after a follicle ruptures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Corpus luteum

This structure arises from the Corpus hemorrhagicum and produces progesterone.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Corpus albicans

A white, scar-like tissue that replaces the Corpus luteum.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Intercornual ligament

The area where the uterine horns meet.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cervix

This structure holds the fetus inside the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fornix

A blind-ended pocket around the cervix that looks like a ring.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vestibule

The passage connecting the vagina to the external genital opening.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where does the cervical mucus flow?

The cervical mucus flows into the vagina, which is the passage between the cervix and the external opening.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Which species has a funnel-shaped cervix?

The cervix of a sow (female pig) is funnel-shaped, allowing easy entry for sperm during insemination.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a cervical canal?

The cervical canal acts like a channel through the cervix, connecting the uterus to the vagina.

Signup and view all the flashcards

When is the cervical canal open?

The cervical canal only opens for a short period during estrus, allowing sperm to enter the uterus. It also opens during birth to allow the baby to pass through.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where is the vagina located?

The vagina is the passage between the cervix and vulva (the external genital opening).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the pH of the vagina?

The pH of the vagina is acidic, which helps to protect against infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the broad ligament?

The broad ligament is a large, sheet-like structure that supports the reproductive organs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the suspensory ligament of the ovary connect to?

The suspensory ligament of the ovary attaches the ovary to the last rib, providing support.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the placenta's role?

The placenta is formed by the apposition of fetal and maternal membranes, allowing for nutrient and gas exchange, fetal protection, hormone production, and a barrier between fetal and maternal blood.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the amnion and its function?

The amnion is the innermost layer, surrounding the amniotic cavity and the fetus. The amniotic cavity provides a fluid environment that protects the fetus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the allantois and its function?

The allantois is the middle layer, providing vasculature from the mother to the chorion and amnion. It also collects fetal liquid waste.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the chorion and its function?

The chorion is the outermost layer, surrounding the allantoic cavity, amnion, amniotic cavity, and the fetus. It forms the fetal layer of the placenta.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the chorioallantoic membrane?

The chorioallantoic membrane is formed by the fusion of the chorion and allantois. It plays a crucial role in nutrient and gas exchange, as well as waste removal.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of the Uterine Tube?

The uterine tube, also known as the oviduct or fallopian tube, is responsible for transporting oocytes from the ovary to the uterus, as well as guiding sperm toward the ovary. This structure is vital for fertilization, as it's where sperm and egg meet.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the infundibulum and what is it's function?

The infundibulum of the oviduct is the funnel-shaped opening of the tube that directly faces the ovary. Its most noticeable feature is the presence of fimbriae, finger-like projections that sweep across the ovary's surface to capture the released egg.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the ampulla and what is it's function?

The ampulla of the oviduct is the longest and widest portion of the tube. This is where the sperm usually meets the egg for fertilization. The ampulla also slows down the movement of the egg to allow for this crucial step.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the isthmus and what is it's function?

The isthmus of the oviduct is the narrowest portion of the tube, located closer to the uterus. This section connects the ampulla to the uterine horn and helps guide the fertilized egg towards the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where are the uterine horns located and what are they?

Uterine horns are two muscle-lined extensions of the uterus. They are where the fertilized egg travels to before finally reaching the uterus. These horns are crucial for supporting the developing fetus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the endometrium and what is it's function?

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus and is responsible for nourishing the fertilized egg and helping it implant into the uterine wall. This layer undergoes cyclical changes during the menstrual cycle and plays a crucial role in pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the myometrium and what is it's function?

The myometrium is the thick muscle layer that surrounds the endometrium of the uterus. This muscle is responsible for contracting during labor and childbirth, pushing the fetus out of the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the Perimetrium and what is it's function?

The perimetrium, the outer layer of the uterus, is a serous membrane that helps to keep the organ in place and keep it lubricated.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the fetal endothelium line?

The fetal endothelium lines the blood vessels of the allantois, which is a fetal membrane that contributes to the placenta.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the role of the fetal connective tissue in the chorioallantois?

The fetal connective tissue of the chorioallantois surrounds the blood vessels, providing support and structure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where is the chorionic epithelium located?

The chorionic epithelium forms the outermost layer of the chorioallantoic membrane, which is involved in nutrient exchange and waste removal between the fetus and the mother.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the maternal epithelium?

The maternal epithelium is the surface layer of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the maternal endothelium line?

The maternal endothelium lines the vessels of the endometrium, facilitating blood flow within the uterus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Female Reproductive System Overview

  • Ovaries produce female gametes (ova) and sex hormones (e.g., estrogen)
  • Ovulation occurs in the ovulation fossa of the ovary
  • The corpus hemorrhagicum is a blood clot formed after follicle rupture
  • The corpus luteum develops from the corpus hemorrhagicum, producing progesterone
  • The corpus albicans is a scar tissue from the corpus luteum
  • The intercornual ligament connects uterine horns
  • The cervix holds the fetus in the uterus
  • The fornix is a blind-ended pocket around the cervix, shaped like a bootie hole
  • The vestibule connects the vagina to the external genital opening
  • The placenta is known as the cotyledonary placenta
  • Found in ruminants, the caruncle makes up the maternal component of the placenta
  • Vestibular glands lubricate the vagina during parturition

Placenta Details

  • It's formed by the apposition of fetal and maternal membranes
  • Exchanges nutrients, gases, and waste between mother and fetus
  • Protects the growing fetus, providing hormones
  • It forms a barrier between fetal and maternal blood
  • The amnion contains amniotic fluid, protecting the fetus
  • The allantois provides vasculature and collects liquid waste

Ovaries Function and Location

  • Produce female gametes and sex hormones
  • Located in the abdomen near the kidneys
  • The cortex contains ovarian follicles
  • The medulla contains connective tissue and blood vessels

Follicles

  • The primary follicle has a single layer of cuboidal epithelium
  • The secondary follicle has stratified epithelium
  • The tertiary follicle is larger with a fluid-filled zone
  • The mature follicle produces and stores estrogen
  • In sows, follicles are multiple and look like boba (a type of tapioca dessert)
  • The corpus luteum can become a temporary endocrine organ

Uterine Tube (Oviduct)

  • Carries oocytes from the ovary to the uterus, and sperm towards the ovary
  • Site of fertilization
  • Parts include the infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus
  • The infundibulum contains fimbriae that collect oocytes
  • The ampulla slows the movement of the oocyte
  • The isthmus leads to the uterine horn

Uterus

  • Located between the cervix and uterine horns
  • Contains the body of the uterus
  • The uterus has 3 layers: endometrium, epithelium, simple stratified cuboidal

Cervix

  • Function: holds the fetus in the uterus
  • Located in the pelvic cavity or pelvic canal
  • Species that have annular rings in the cervix (e.g., cows, ewes) and their ring counts
  • Where cervical mucus flows into the vagina
  • Site of sperm deposition in sows and mares
  • Species with a funnel-shaped cervix (e.g., sows)

Vagina

  • Located between the cervix and vulva
  • Site of semen deposition
  • Epithelium is initially ciliated columnar, then stratified squamous
  • The vagina's pH is acidic

Broad Ligament

  • Supports parts of the reproductive tract
  • Three portions include mesovarium, mesosalpinx, and mesometrium

Additional Details

  • Mares, bitches, queens, and mares have ovaries that are caudal to the kidneys
  • Cows, ewes, and sows have ovaries at the pelvic inlet
  • The ovarian cortex is in the center of the ovary in cows, ewes, and sows
  • The uterine tube is held between its two layers by mesometrium.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Female Reproductive System PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on ovarian structures and hormones! This quiz covers essential concepts related to estrogen production, pregnancy hormones, and the anatomical variations in different species. Perfect for biology students and enthusiasts alike!

More Like This

Ovarian Cycle Quiz
5 questions

Ovarian Cycle Quiz

PlayfulDiopside avatar
PlayfulDiopside
The Uterine Cycle and Ovarian Hormones
20 questions

The Uterine Cycle and Ovarian Hormones

IllustriousRocket avatar
IllustriousRocket
Ovarian Cycle and Hormonal Changes
18 questions

Ovarian Cycle and Hormonal Changes

DiligentIrrational avatar
DiligentIrrational
Ovarian Cycle and Hormones
36 questions

Ovarian Cycle and Hormones

FerventHouston avatar
FerventHouston
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser