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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of managerial ethics?
What is the primary focus of managerial ethics?
What is an ethical dilemma?
What is an ethical dilemma?
How can top executives help resolve ethical dilemmas within their organization?
How can top executives help resolve ethical dilemmas within their organization?
What is corporate social responsibility (CSR)?
What is corporate social responsibility (CSR)?
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Who plays the most crucial role in shaping an organization's ethical culture?
Who plays the most crucial role in shaping an organization's ethical culture?
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How can leaders effectively communicate ethical values within an organization?
How can leaders effectively communicate ethical values within an organization?
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Why is it important for managers at all levels to actively promote ethical values?
Why is it important for managers at all levels to actively promote ethical values?
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What two primary approaches can managers use to shape ethical values within an organization?
What two primary approaches can managers use to shape ethical values within an organization?
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What reflects the deeper values of an organization primarily?
What reflects the deeper values of an organization primarily?
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Which type of structure would indicate a flexible cultural value in an organization?
Which type of structure would indicate a flexible cultural value in an organization?
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What identifies the surface level of organizational culture?
What identifies the surface level of organizational culture?
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What term describes the non-visible norms and beliefs expressed by employees?
What term describes the non-visible norms and beliefs expressed by employees?
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Why are basic assumptions considered the most influential level of culture?
Why are basic assumptions considered the most influential level of culture?
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What is the relationship between cultural values and organizational performance?
What is the relationship between cultural values and organizational performance?
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Which of the following describes a function of slogans within an organization?
Which of the following describes a function of slogans within an organization?
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What type of environment requires an organization to foster adaptability in its culture?
What type of environment requires an organization to foster adaptability in its culture?
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Which culture emphasizes meeting the needs of employees to achieve high performance?
Which culture emphasizes meeting the needs of employees to achieve high performance?
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What is the primary focus of a bureaucratic culture?
What is the primary focus of a bureaucratic culture?
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Which factor is key for a learning organization?
Which factor is key for a learning organization?
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What can happen to organizations with strong cultures that resist change?
What can happen to organizations with strong cultures that resist change?
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What do bureaucratic cultures view as important roles for leaders?
What do bureaucratic cultures view as important roles for leaders?
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Which organizational aspect is enhanced by a strong adaptive culture?
Which organizational aspect is enhanced by a strong adaptive culture?
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What can be a danger when an organization becomes too successful?
What can be a danger when an organization becomes too successful?
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What role does culture play in a learning organization?
What role does culture play in a learning organization?
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What is one consequence of a strong but non-adaptive culture?
What is one consequence of a strong but non-adaptive culture?
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Which value is emphasized in an adaptive culture?
Which value is emphasized in an adaptive culture?
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How do strong adaptive cultures view the relationship between their parts and the whole system?
How do strong adaptive cultures view the relationship between their parts and the whole system?
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What role does risk taking play in an adaptive culture?
What role does risk taking play in an adaptive culture?
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What is likely to happen in an organization with a strong culture that promotes constant questioning?
What is likely to happen in an organization with a strong culture that promotes constant questioning?
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What is the primary outcome of treating employees with care and respect in a healthy culture?
What is the primary outcome of treating employees with care and respect in a healthy culture?
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What happens when organizations focus too heavily on their existing values and behaviors?
What happens when organizations focus too heavily on their existing values and behaviors?
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Which of the following describes a key characteristic of adaptive cultures?
Which of the following describes a key characteristic of adaptive cultures?
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What characterizes unadaptive cultures in organizations?
What characterizes unadaptive cultures in organizations?
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What is the role of ethics in organizations?
What is the role of ethics in organizations?
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How do societal morality and personal ethics differ?
How do societal morality and personal ethics differ?
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What factors influence an individual's ethical stance?
What factors influence an individual's ethical stance?
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What impact can organizational culture have on individual ethics?
What impact can organizational culture have on individual ethics?
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What is a significant consequence of strong, unhealthy organizational cultures?
What is a significant consequence of strong, unhealthy organizational cultures?
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How do laws relate to ethics in society?
How do laws relate to ethics in society?
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What is a key feature of ethical values?
What is a key feature of ethical values?
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What is the primary role of a chief ethics officer in a corporate ethics department?
What is the primary role of a chief ethics officer in a corporate ethics department?
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What is the purpose of ethics hotlines in organizations?
What is the purpose of ethics hotlines in organizations?
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What does a code of ethics usually clarify?
What does a code of ethics usually clarify?
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How do ethics training programs contribute to a company's strategic competitiveness?
How do ethics training programs contribute to a company's strategic competitiveness?
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Whistle blowing refers to what action by employees?
Whistle blowing refers to what action by employees?
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Which of the following is NOT typically covered by a code of ethics?
Which of the following is NOT typically covered by a code of ethics?
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What dual role do ethics offices play in addition to overseeing ethical standards?
What dual role do ethics offices play in addition to overseeing ethical standards?
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Why is employee willingness to report unethical practices important?
Why is employee willingness to report unethical practices important?
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Study Notes
Organizational Culture and Theory
- Culture is the shared values, beliefs, and norms of an organization. It influences how members think, feel, and behave. Culture is often unspoken but vital to company operations.
- Organizational culture exists at three levels:
-
Observable Artifacts: Physical aspects like office design, architecture, and dress codes. Includes artifacts, rites, ceremonies, stories, and myths.
- Artifacts: Physical objects—tools, furniture, etc. items that express cultural values.
- Rites and ceremonies: Planned activities, like opening events.
- Stories: Narratives about company heroes, often embellished through time.
- Myths: Consistent with values, but not always factual.
- Espoused Values: The stated principles and beliefs espoused by the organization. Includes mission statements, commitment to EEO, etc.
- Basic Assumptions: The deeply held, often unconscious beliefs that guide behavior. These are the most influential, but hardest to change.
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Observable Artifacts: Physical aspects like office design, architecture, and dress codes. Includes artifacts, rites, ceremonies, stories, and myths.
- Adaptability Culture: Focuses on the external environment. Emphasizes flexibility, risk-taking, and creativity.
- Mission Culture: Clear vision, measurable goals, and performance-based rewards.
- Clan Culture: Focuses on internal relationships. Values teamwork, participation, and shared leadership.
- Bureaucratic Culture: Emphasis on rules, procedures, and stability. Value predictability and efficiency in processes.
- Organizational Culture and Performance: A strong and adaptive culture can enhance organizational performance. A good strategy and structure aligned with cultural values is ideal.
- Ethics in Organizations: Ethical codes and principles, individual principles, and societal/cultural values are important components of organizations. Ethical behavior and values shape behavior.
Leadership, Culture, and Ethics
- Managerial ethics: Principles guiding managerial decisions, focusing on what's right and wrong related to values.
- Ethical dilemmas: Conflicting values and decisions.
- Corporate social responsibility (CSR): Managers' obligation to consider broader stakeholder interests (employees, customers, communities).
- Values-based leadership: Leadership that promotes shared and strongly held values throughout the organization.
- Charactersitics of Values-Based Leaders.
- Interpersonal Behaviors: Caring, helpful, supportive relationships.
- Fairness with Others: Fair, respectful treatment of others.
- Personal Expectations: Ethical standards, honesty, and trustworthiness.
- Organizational Leadership
- Articulate, communicate clear expectations of high ethical standards throughout organization.
- Formal Organizational Structures and Systems to support ethics include:
- Ethics committee
- Ethics officer
- Disclosure mechanisms (hotlines)
- Codes of ethics
- Training Programs
- Organizational culture profoundly influences individual decisions, supporting ethical behavior or discouraging it. The culture can reinforce ethical actions, encourage ethical decision making, or encourage unethical actions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the three levels of organizational culture, including observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic assumptions. This quiz covers key concepts that influence how members of an organization interact and behave. Understand the significance of culture in shaping organizational dynamics through various elements such as stories and rites.
