Organizational Behavior Chapter 3

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Questions and Answers

What are the three components of an attitude?

The three components of an attitude are cognitive (beliefs), affective (feelings), and behavioral (actions).

How do attitudes influence behavior according to the relationship summarized in organizational behavior?

Attitudes influence behavior by determining how individuals act in situations, often seeking consistency between their beliefs and actions.

What is job satisfaction?

Job satisfaction is the level of contentment employees feel regarding their work roles and environment.

What are the main causes of job satisfaction?

The main causes of job satisfaction include the nature of the work itself, organizational support, relationships with colleagues, and compensation. Signup and view all the answers

Identify three outcomes of job satisfaction.

Three outcomes of job satisfaction are higher employee productivity, lower turnover rates, and increased organizational commitment. Signup and view all the answers

What are four employee responses to job dissatisfaction?

Four employee responses to job dissatisfaction are exit (leaving the job), voice (expressing concerns), loyalty (staying and hoping for change), and neglect (reducing effort). Signup and view all the answers

What role does cognitive dissonance play in attitudes and behavior?

Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is a perceived incompatibility between attitudes or between behavior and attitudes, prompting individuals to seek consistency. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for managers to understand the relationship between attitudes and employee behavior?

It's important because understanding this relationship helps managers foster a positive work environment, increase job satisfaction, and improve overall productivity. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main job conditions that influence employee job satisfaction?

The intrinsic nature of the work, social interactions, and supervision are key job conditions affecting satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

How do personality traits affect job satisfaction?

Employees with positive core self-evaluations tend to be more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative evaluations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pay and job satisfaction?

Higher average pay is generally associated with greater job satisfaction among employees. Signup and view all the answers

What does Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) entail?

CSR involves self-regulated actions by a company to benefit society or the environment beyond legal requirements. Signup and view all the answers

Why is CSR particularly important for Millennials in the workplace?

Millennials often prioritize social and environmental responsibility, making CSR significant for their job satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways can job conditions lead to improved employee well-being?

Positive job conditions like engaging work and supportive supervision can enhance employee well-being. Signup and view all the answers

What role do social interactions play in job satisfaction?

Social interactions at work can lead to increased job satisfaction by fostering a sense of belonging and support. Signup and view all the answers

Can everyone find value in Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives?

No, not everyone finds value in CSR initiatives; the importance can vary among different employees. Signup and view all the answers

What is employee engagement and why is it important in a workplace?

Employee engagement refers to an individual’s involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for their work, which is crucial for enhancing productivity and morale. Signup and view all the answers

How do major job attitudes relate to each other?

Major job attitudes, while distinct, are highly related and can overlap, potentially causing confusion in understanding their differences. Signup and view all the answers

Define job satisfaction.

Job satisfaction is a positive feeling about a job that arises from evaluating its characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two popular approaches to measuring job satisfaction?

The two approaches are the single global rating and the summation of job facets. Signup and view all the answers

What trend has been observed regarding job satisfaction in the U.S. over the last 30 years?

Overall, employees in the U.S. have generally been satisfied with their jobs, although recent economic downturns have led to decreased satisfaction levels. Signup and view all the answers

What factors are often assessed when evaluating job satisfaction?

Factors like physical demands, work environment, income, stress, and hiring outlook are commonly assessed. Signup and view all the answers

How do cultural differences affect job satisfaction?

Cultural differences can lead to varying levels of job satisfaction, as perceptions and values regarding work may differ across cultures. Signup and view all the answers

Why might satisfaction levels differ depending on the job facet involved?

Satisfaction levels may differ due to individual preferences and experiences associated with specific aspects of a job, such as workload or recognition. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key factor in raising employee satisfaction according to the content?

Evaluating the fit between the employee's work interests and the intrinsic parts of their job. Signup and view all the answers

Why is high pay alone considered insufficient for creating a satisfying work environment?

High pay does not necessarily address the challenges and interests that employees seek in their work. Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when designing challenging work for employees?

The individual interests and intrinsic motivations of the employees. Signup and view all the answers

How can managers utilize employees' interests to improve the workplace?

By creating work that aligns with employees' interests and makes it more interesting. Signup and view all the answers

What might be a consequence of disregarding the intrinsic components of a job?

It could lead to lower employee satisfaction, even if pay is high. Signup and view all the answers

How does job satisfaction influence job performance?

Job satisfaction leads to increased productivity, as happy employees are more likely to engage in Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Signup and view all the answers

What effect does employee satisfaction have on customer satisfaction?

Satisfied employees enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and life satisfaction?

Job satisfaction is positively correlated with life satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

Define counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and provide an example.

CWB refers to actions that harm the organization, such as stealing or being late. An example is intentionally arriving late to work. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and absenteeism?

Higher job satisfaction is associated with lower absenteeism. Signup and view all the answers

What is a major predictor of employee turnover?

A pattern of lowered job satisfaction is the best predictor of intent to leave the organization. Signup and view all the answers

Why should managers measure employee job attitudes regularly?

Regular measurement of job attitudes helps managers understand employee reactions and satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

What are the implications of job satisfaction for managers?

Managers should recognize that job satisfaction influences performance, turnover, and absenteeism. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Attitudes consist of evaluative statements that can be favorable or unfavorable about objects, people, or events, reflecting individual feelings.
Three components of attitudes:
- Cognitive: Beliefs or ideas held about an object.
- Affective: Emotional responses toward an object.
- Behavioral: Predispositions to act in certain ways regarding an object.

Relationship Between Attitudes and Behavior

Attitudes influence behaviors, with individuals seeking consistency between them.
Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is a conflict between attitudes or between attitudes and behaviors.

Major Job Attitudes

Employee engagement represents an employee's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for their work.
Job attitudes are interconnected, resulting in significant overlap that can lead to confusion.

Definition of Job Satisfaction

Job satisfaction is a positive evaluation of one’s job based on its characteristics.
Common measurement approaches include:
- Single Global Rating: Overall job satisfaction score.
- Summation of Job Facets: Evaluating specific aspects of the job.

Job Satisfaction Trends

Job satisfaction levels in the U.S. and developed countries have been generally positive, though economic downturns have led to decreased satisfaction.
Job satisfaction varies by specific job facets and can differ culturally.

Causes of Job Satisfaction

Job conditions: Intrinsic job nature, social interactions, and supervision heavily influence satisfaction.
Personality: Individuals with positive core self-evaluations report higher job satisfaction.
Pay Relationship: Higher average pay can correlate with increased job satisfaction, but it’s not the only factor.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Involvement in socially beneficial actions contributes positively to job satisfaction, particularly for Millennials.

Outcomes of Job Satisfaction

Job Performance: Satisfied employees tend to be more productive.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Job satisfaction increases employee willingness to help others and engage in extra-role behaviors.
Customer Satisfaction: Happy employees typically enhance customer experiences and loyalty.
Life Satisfaction: There is a positive correlation between job satisfaction and overall life satisfaction.

Employee Responses to Dissatisfaction

Employees may respond to dissatisfaction through:
- Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB): Includes theft, aggression, and increased absenteeism.
- Turnover Intentions: Persistent dissatisfaction can predict an employee's intention to leave the organization.

Implications for Managers

Employee job satisfaction is a key indicator of organizational behavior, affecting performance and retention.
Regularly assess job attitudes to gauge employee reactions and improve performance.
Address the fit between an employee’s interests and job challenges to enhance engagement and satisfaction.
High compensation alone may not suffice to create a satisfying work environment; intrinsic work value is crucial.

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Description

This quiz covers Chapter 3 of the Organizational Behavior textbook, focusing on attitudes and job satisfaction. You will explore the three components of attitudes, the relationship between attitudes and behavior, and major job attitudes. Test your knowledge and understanding of these crucial concepts.