Organizational Behavior Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a traditional management activity?

  • Planning
  • Controlling
  • Networking (correct)
  • Decision making

    • A strong relationship between workplace quality and employee job satisfaction is not associated with stress and turnover.

    False (B)

    What is the primary role of a manager?

    To coordinate and oversee the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished.

    Increasing organizational behavior principles can foster _________ awareness.

    <p>social responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following managerial activities with their descriptions:

    <p>Traditional management = Decision making, planning, controlling Communication = Exchanging routine information and processing paperwork Human resources management = Motivating, disciplining, managing conflict, staffing, and training Networking = Socializing, politicking, and interacting with outsiders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided content, superior financial performance is typically associated with which of these?

    <p>Good people skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT identified as a key challenge or opportunity for organizational behavior?

    <p>Managing customer expectations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Positive organizational scholarship focuses on identifying and correcting negative aspects of an organization.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two factors contributing to the need for organizations to manage workforce diversity.

    <p>gender, age, race and ethnicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The increasing use of social media by both employees and organizations can impact employee ________ at work.

    <p>well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organizational challenges with their description:

    <p>Globalization = Increasing connectedness and cooperation Workforce Diversity = Heterogeneous mix of people in terms of characteristics Ethical Behavior = Identifying right and wrong conduct Positive Work Environment = Developing human strengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a challenge resulting from blurred work/life boundaries?

    <p>Increased conflicts between work and life away from work (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a managerial role?

    <p>Technician (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human skills refer to the knowledge and proficiency in a specific field.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of organizational behavior?

    <p>improving an organization's effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organizational behavior studies the influence that individuals, groups, and _______ have on behavior within organizations.

    <p>structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following managerial roles with their descriptions:

    <p>Figurehead = Symbolic head; required to perform a number of routine duties of a legal or social nature. Leader = Responsible for the motivation and direction of employees. Liaison = Maintains a network of outside contacts who provide favors and information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key focus point of organizational behavior?

    <p>Motivation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Conceptual skills are about having proficiency in a specific field.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one of the three stated goals of organizational behavior.

    <p>explain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach uses statistical compilation and analysis to identify persistent and predictive statistics?

    <p>Big data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intuition is a perfect way to predict behavior.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of people in relation to their social environment or culture?

    <p>Sociology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ focuses on people’s influence on one another.

    <p>Social Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Systematic Study = Examines relationships and attributes causes and effects based on scientific evidence. Evidence-Based Management = Bases decisions on the best available scientific evidence. Big Data = Uses statistical compilation and analysis to identify patterns. Contingency variables = Concepts that must reflect situational conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which discipline studies societies to learn about human beings and their activities?

    <p>Anthropology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organizational behavior concepts are always absolute and universally applicable.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for your 'gut feeling' explanation of behavior?

    <p>Intuition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The science that seeks to measure, explain and sometimes change behavior is known as ________.

    <p>Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a current usage of big data?

    <p>Replacing intuition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organizational Behavior Chapter 1

    • Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of how individuals, groups, and structure influence behavior within organizations
    • Its main goal is to apply knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness
    • Interpersonal skills are crucial in the workplace, impacting financial performance, employee attraction/retention, and workplace satisfaction
    • OB considers the influence of individuals, groups, and structure on workplace behavior
    • Few absolutes apply to OB due to the complexity and diversity of human beings
    • OB principles must adjust to situational conditions

    Learning Objectives

    • 1.1: Demonstrate the importance of interpersonal skills in the workplace
    • 1.2: Define organizational behavior (OB)
    • 1.3: Highlight the value of systematic study for understanding OB
    • 1.4: Identify the major behavioral science disciplines contributing to OB
    • 1.5: Explain why few absolutes apply to OB
    • 1.6: Recognize manager challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts
    • 1.7: Compare different levels of analysis in OB models
    • 1.8: Describe key employability skills learned from studying OB

    Characteristics of Organizations

    • Organizations possess three key characteristics: distinct purpose, deliberate structure, and people

    Organization as Iceberg

    • Organizations have visible and hidden aspects
    • Visible aspects include strategies, objectives, policies, structure, technology, and formal authority
    • Hidden aspects include attitudes, perceptions, group norms, informal interactions, and interpersonal conflicts

    Who is a Manager?

    • A manager coordinates and oversees the work of others to achieve organizational goals

    Managerial Activities

    • Traditional management: decision-making, planning, controlling
    • Communication: exchanging routine information
    • Human resource management: motivating, disciplining, managing conflicts, staffing, and training
    • Networking: socializing, politicking, interacting with outsiders

    Four Functions of Management

    • Planning: setting goals, developing strategies, and creating plans to coordinate activities
    • Organizing: determining what needs to be done, how it will be done, and who is responsible for tasks
    • Leading: motivating, leading, and coordinating people to work together
    • Controlling: monitoring activities to ensure they are accomplished as planned

    Managerial Roles

    • Interpersonal: figurehead, leader, liaison
    • Informational: monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
    • Decisional: entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator

    Management Skills

    • Technical skills: knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
    • Human skills: ability to work well with others
    • Conceptual skills: ability to think and conceptualize about abstract and complex organizational situations

    Efficiency and Effectiveness

    • Efficiency: achieving goals with minimal resources
    • Effectiveness: achieving desired outcomes

    The Field of Organizational Behavior

    • OB studies the impact of individuals, groups, and structure on work behavior
    • The goal is to apply knowledge and improve organizational effectiveness

    Focus of Organizational Behavior

    • Individual behavior: attitudes, personality, perception, learning, motivation
    • Group behavior: norms, roles, team building, leadership, conflict
    • Organizational aspects: structure, culture, human resource policies and practices

    Goals of Organizational Behavior

    • Explain behavior
    • Predict behavior
    • Influence behavior

    Focal Points of OB

    • Motivation
    • Leader behavior and power
    • Interpersonal communication
    • Group structures and processes
    • Attitude development and perception
    • Change processes
    • Conflict and negotiation
    • Work design

    Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study

    • Intuition("gut feeling") contrasted with systematic study.
    • Systematic study provides accurate predictions, as behavior isn't random.
    • Fundamental and consistent factors underlie behavior.
    • Individual differences can modify how these elements apply

    Systematic Study

    • Examines relationships
    • Attributes causes and effects
    • Conclusions based on scientific evidence, rigorous data collection, and interpretation

    Evidence-Based Management

    • Management decisions informed by the best available scientific evidence.
    • Complements systematic study
    • Encourages systematic thinking.

    Big Data

    • Big data involves extensive statistical compilation and analysis.
    • Statistical analysis produces persistent and predictive insights.

    Contributing Disciplines to the OB field

    • Psychology: Studies individual behavior (attitudes motivation, perception)
    • Social psychology: Explores how people affect each other; focuses on change.
    • Sociology: Studies human behavior in relation to society; explores organization culture, structure, power, and conflict.
    • Anthropology: Views societies to understand human customs, differences in attitudes and behaviors in different countries/organizations.

    Few Absolutes in OB

    • Impossible to create simple, accurate generalizations about human behavior
    • Human beings are complex and diverse
    • OB concepts must adjust to situational factors "contingency variables"

    Employment Options

    • Employment categories and types/options including full-time, part-time, flextime, contract workers
    • Various compensation methods and conditions of employment are highlighted

    Challenges and Opportunities for OB

    • Globalization: increasing interconnectedness, cross-cultural cooperation, adapting to different norms.
    • Workforce Demographics: longevity, birth rates changes impacting employment considerations
    • Workforce Diversity: recognition of different genders, ages, races, and ethnicities within organizations.
    • Impact of Social Media: employee use of social media and its impact on work and well-being.
    • Employee well-being: the line between work and life is blurred, and employees' well-being is increasingly affected by work-related burdens
    • Creating positive work environments: strategies for enhancing strengths, fostering vitality, building resilience, and unlocking potential in organizations.
    • Improving ethical behavior: addressing and fostering ethical conduct in the workplace

    Developing an OB Model

    • Models are simplified representations of reality, representing complex organizational phenomena
    • Three types of variables: inputs, processes, and outcomes of organizations.
    • Different levels of analysis: individual, group, organizational

    A Basic OB Model

    • Demonstrates the inter-relationship of multiple organizational entities.
    • Shows factors impacting and resulting from organizational decisions at all levels.

    Three Levels of OB Analysis

    • Individual level, group level, organizational level

    Employability Skills

    • Critical thinking
    • Communication
    • Collaboration
    • Knowledge application and analysis
    • Social responsibility

    Implications for Managers

    • Don't rely on generalizations
    • Use metrics and situational factors to understand cause-and-effect
    • Improve interpersonal skills to improve leadership potential
    • Enhance technical and conceptual skills to keep up with big data trends.
    • Recognize the importance of organizational behavior in improving employee work quality and productivity

    Discussion Questions (Example)

    • What are some concerns related to using artificial intelligence in organizations?
    • A recent study found that positive mood and repeated Facebook use correlate with declining moods throughout the day, which is associated with lower satisfaction. How can managers address this?

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    Description

    This quiz examines the fundamental concepts of Organizational Behavior (OB), focusing on how individual and group dynamics influence workplace behavior. It highlights the significance of interpersonal skills and the need for a systematic approach to understand the complexities of OB. Test your knowledge on the key learning objectives of this chapter.

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