Organisms Classification and Diversity
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Questions and Answers

The smallest group of organisms classified which can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring is known as a ______.

species

Which of the following is NOT a kingdom in the Five Kingdom System?

  • Viruses (correct)
  • Protists
  • Fungi
  • Bacteria

    • Organisms that get their carbon from organic materials are called:

  • Heterotrophs (correct)
  • Chemoautotrophs
  • Photoautotrophs
  • Autotrophs

    • What does the suffix '-troph' mean?

    <p>food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microorganisms are too small to be seen without magnification.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacteria on the point of a pin are an example of how microorganisms can range in size from very small to ______.

    <p>exceptionally large</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All microorganisms move around much.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of movement used by microorganisms?

    <p>Wings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyanobacteria are plant-like and use sunlight and CO2 for energy and food.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organism is a paramecium?

    <p>protist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Amoeba use flagella for movement and feeding.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacteria?

    <p>Eukaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacteria can only be harmful.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Streptomycin, a chemical created by bacteria, is an example of an antibiotic.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what process do many types of bacteria break down waste further?

    <p>biodegradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bacterial infection in the lungs?

    <p>tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by the bacteria that is considered one of the most dangerous diseases ever?

    <p>Bubonic plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cholera, a bacterial infection, can be found in contaminated water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anthrax is particularly dangerous because it cannot form endospores.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protists are always single-celled.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protists can both be helpful and harmful.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dinoflagellates are very important protists that are at the bottom of many food chains. Larger organisms eat them, and are in turn eaten by even larger organisms, such as ______!

    <p>humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diatoms are important members at the top of the food chain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protist is responsible for malaria?

    <p>Plasmodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Giardia lamblia is a protist that can be found in freshwater streams and lakes and causes diarrhea and dehydration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungi are neither plant nor animal but have characteristics of both.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungi are prokaryotes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungi have roots, stems, and leaves.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungi are able to produce their food through photosynthesis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fungi reproduce by forming spores.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fungus is penicillium mold?

    <p>fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the thread-like filaments that make up fungi called?

    <p>hyphae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Penicillin is a toxin that prevents nearby bacteria from growing too close.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Yeast is a single-celled fungi that plays an important role in bread production.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a harmful effect of fungi?

    <p>Helping bread rise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All animals are eukaryotes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Animals are divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of:

    <p>Backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are animals without a backbone called?

    <p>invertebrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mammals are warm-blooded animals with hairs on their skin.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mammals have gills for breathing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mammals have a diaphragm present.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mammals reproduce through external fertilization.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diversity of Organisms and Classification

    • Organisms are classified into a hierarchical system.
    • This system is based on shared characteristics.
    • The classification system starts with broad categories like Kingdom and progressively narrows down to Species.

    Classification of Organisms

    • The hierarchy of classification is: Kingdom, Phylum/Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

    Species

    • The smallest classification group.
    • Members of a species can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

    Five Kingdom System

    • The five kingdoms are Bacteria, Protists, Plants, Fungi and Animals.

    Microorganisms: Major Types

    • Microorganisms can be autotrophs or heterotrophs.
    • Autotrophs get carbon from the atmosphere.
    • Heterotrophs get carbon from organic matter.
    • Microorganisms include Bacteria, Protists and Fungi

    Microorganism Characteristics

    • Size: Very small, some as small as the point of a pin, others are exceptionally large, the size of a fly's head.
    • Habitats: Diverse- very salty environments, deep sea vents, very hot environments.
    • Movement: Some don't move much, while others are very active. Active microorganisms may use flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia for movement.

    Bacteria Kingdom

    • Unicellular
    • Microscopic
    • Prokaryotic (lack a nucleus)
    • No chlorophyll
    • Can be saprophytic (decomposers) or parasitic.
    • Beneficial and harmful types exist
    • Engage in chemical warfare with each other. Examples include Streptomycin.
    • Important in the carbon cycle, breaking down dead organic matter.

    Harmful Bacteria

    • Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection in the lungs.
    • Bubonic Plague is a dangerous bacterial disease.
    • Cholera is a bacterial disease found in contaminated water, resulting in diarrhea and dehydration.
    • Anthrax forms endospores making it resilient to drying and lack of nutrients.

    Protist Kingdom

    • Includes both single-celled and multi-celled organisms
    • Microscopic
    • Eukaryotic (have a nucleus)
    • Can be autotrophic (like plants) or heterotrophic (like animals)
    • Some are helpful to other living things, some cause diseases.
    • Examples include dinoflagellates, diatoms, Plasmodium (causes malaria), Giardia lamblia.

    Fungi Kingdom

    • Neither plant nor animal
    • Eukaryotic
    • Made of hyphae (thread-like structures)
    • No chlorophyll
    • Obtain nutrients by absorbing them from their surroundings, can be saprophytic (decomposers) or parasitic
    • Reproduce by forming spores
    • Examples include Penicillium mold and Rhizopus mold.

    Animal Kingdom

    • Eukaryotic
    • Divided into vertebrates (with backbones) and invertebrates (without backbones)
    • Mammals are warm-blooded with hair/fur.
    • Animals with lungs and diaphragms are included in the animal kingdom.
    • Examples of animals in the animal kingdom include pigs, chimpanzees, dolphins, and tigers.

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    Diversity of Organisms and Classification Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    Explore the classification of organisms based on shared characteristics in this quiz. Learn about the hierarchical system that ranges from Kingdom to Species and the five kingdom system. Understand the diversity of microorganisms and their roles as autotrophs and heterotrophs.

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