Organismal Biology: Plant Organ System

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following fruit types is characterized by a fleshy fruit with a single seed and a hard endocarp?

Legume

Aggregate fruit

Berry

Drupe (correct)

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a complete flower?

Presence of sepals

Absence of a fruit (correct)

Presence of both stamen and pistil

Presence of petals

What is the role of the endosperm in a seed?

To protect the embryo from damage

To attract pollinators to the flower

To provide nourishment to the developing embryo (correct)

To aid in seed dispersal

Which of the following is an example of an irregular flower?

Orchid (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these floral parts is responsible for producing pollen?

Stamen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of root hairs?

To absorb water and minerals from the soil (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of root system is characterized by a single, large taproot?

Taproot system (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following plants is an example of a monocot?

Corn (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of vascular tissue in the root of a dicot plant?

Xylem in a star shape, phloem between the points (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stem in a plant?

To provide structural support and transport nutrients (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a vegetative organ?

Flowers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main ascending axis of a tree called?

Trunk or bole (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lenticels in a stem?

To facilitate gas exchange. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an axillary bud and an adventitious bud?

Axillary buds are found at the nodes, while adventitious buds may form in the internodes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specialized type of leaf?

Stipule (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ovary in a flower?

To protect the developing seeds. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the vascular bundles of monocots and dicots?

Monocots have parallel leaf veins, while dicots have net-like leaf veins. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of petals in a flower?

To attract pollinators. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about the development of a flower?

Flowers develop from lateral buds along the stem. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organismal Biology: Plant Organ System

Plant bodies are made up of trillions of cells organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems, allowing specialized functions and division of labor.
Organs work together in systems, forming a complete living organism.
Flowering plants generally consist of a root and shoot system.

Root System

The root system comprises the roots.
Roots grow extensively underground, branching to anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals, supporting metabolic processes.
Root hairs increase the absorptive surface area of the root.
Root systems are classified as taproot (one main root), fibrous (multiple roots of similar size), and adventitious (roots arising from parts other than the root).
Vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) transport substances differently in monocots (ring-shaped arrangement) and dicots (star-shaped xylem).

Shoot System

The shoot system consists of the stem, branches, and leaves.
The stem is the main axis, supporting the leaves and exposing them to sunlight.
Stem characteristics include nodes (bud attachment points), internodes (section between nodes), buds (embryonic stems), and branch types.
Stems, like roots, have vascular tissues for transport.

Leaves

Leaves are primarily the food factory of the plant.
Leaf parts include the blade (expanded green part), petiole (leaf stalk), and stipule.
Leaf veins (vascular bundles) in monocots are parallel, while dicots have net-like (pinnate or palmate) venation.

Reproductive Organs (Flowers)

Flowers are specialized reproductive structures of angiosperms.
Parts of a flower include petals (corolla), sepals (calyx), pistils (female organs), and stamens (male organs).
The stigma traps pollen. The style supports the stigma. The ovary contains ovules with egg cells. Pollen contains sperm cells.
Flower structures may vary in arrangement and symmetry.

Fruit

Fruit is the mature ovary.
Different fruit types exist (drupe, berry, aggregate).
Fruits contain the seed.

Seed Structure

Seeds enclose a plant embryo, surrounded by protective seed coats, and endosperm (food storage).
The three primary parts of a seed include the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the intricacies of plant organ systems in organismal biology. This quiz covers the structure and function of both the root and shoot systems, demonstrating how they contribute to plant life. Test your understanding of how these systems work together to support a flowering plant's metabolic processes.