Organising Change and Innovation
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Organising Change and Innovation

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes innovation from invention?

  • Innovation is an original insight, while invention is a practical application.
  • Innovation meets a real demand or need, while invention is only an idea. (correct)
  • Innovation is always a product, while invention can be a method.
  • Innovation involves creativity, while invention is solely a technical process.

    • What does Schumpeter's definition of innovation primarily emphasize?

  • The commercial aspect of products.
  • The novelty of doing things differently. (correct)
  • The competition within industries.
  • The importance of gradual improvements.

    • How is disruptive innovation characterized?

  • By minor improvements to existing products.
  • By innovations that fail to change industry dynamics.
  • By creating new market segments without changing existing products.
  • By innovations that fundamentally alter industry practices. (correct)

    • What does an ambidextrous approach to innovation involve?

    <p>Balancing creativity with systematic implementation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the concept that underpins the dynamic nature of capitalism, according to the discussion?

    <p>Creative Destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the organising process in management?

    <p>To arrange resources and people for achieving a goal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in Lewin's three-step change model?

    <p>Transitioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does innovation primarily involve?

    <p>Adopting new ideas or behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the content, which statement about change is true?

    <p>Change occurs when a new idea or behavior is adopted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors may contribute to the difficulty in implementing change?

    <p>Resistance from employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for successful organising in management?

    <p>Clear jobs and working relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome can poor-quality sources lead to in an essay?

    <p>Weakening of key ideas and statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary challenge is Australia Post facing that necessitates organizational change?

    <p>A significant decline in traditional letter sending.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts suggests that many organizations still operate under traditional models despite claims of change?

    <p>Lean and Mean Approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key reason for the necessity of innovation within organizations?

    <p>To stay competitive against rivals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of economic shift has Thompson noted in regard to organizational structure?

    <p>Emergence of decentralized networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a restraining force that Australia Post might encounter when implementing change?

    <p>Skepticism regarding the effectiveness of change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a direct impact of the declining need for traditional postal services?

    <p>Shift towards digital communication methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential result of not adapting organizational strategies to modern challenges?

    <p>Failure to compete effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT represent a characteristic of the traditional economy described by Thompson?

    <p>Emphasis on flexible and creative labor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Kurt Lewin's approach to change?

    <p>Group dynamics and interdependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'quasi-stationary equilibrium' refer to in Lewin's approach?

    <p>A balance between constant fluctuations in group behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method employed by Lewin in his action research?

    <p>Analyze the situation and identify possible solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Lewin, what is essential for change to be effective?

    <p>Participation and collaboration among group members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'force-field analysis' address in the context of change?

    <p>The balance between driving forces and restraining forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT a focus in Lewin's understanding of group dynamics?

    <p>Individual satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Lewin define a 'group'?

    <p>By the interdependence of fate among individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Lewin suggest is necessary for creating 'disequilibrium'?

    <p>Attention to group norms and roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the exploration approach to creativity?

    <p>Generation of novel and useful ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does an idea incubator play in an organization?

    <p>To facilitate innovation without bureaucracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does open innovation benefit organizations?

    <p>By allowing valuable ideas from both internal and external sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'cooperation' imply in the context of innovation?

    <p>Internal coordination across departments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the high failure rate of organizational change projects?

    <p>Change driven by superficial motives rather than improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of 'innovation by acquisition'?

    <p>Acquiring smaller firms to harness their innovative capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'change as fetish' imply in organizational contexts?

    <p>Change is often pursued without strategic reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the example given to illustrate poor cooperation in innovation?

    <p>Sony's struggle to innovate a music player prior to Apple's success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organising Change and Innovation

    • Organising is the process of arranging resources (including people) to accomplish a goal.
    • Change occurs when an organisation adopts a new idea or behaviour.
    • Change can be difficult to implement.

    Lewin's Three-Step Change Model

    • Unfreezing: Creating awareness of the need for change.
    • Changing: Implementing the change itself, including learning new behaviours, attitudes, or skills.
    • Refreezing: Reinforcing the change and integrating it into the organisation's culture.

    Kotter's Eight-Step Change Model

    • Not mentioned in the document provided.

    Force-Field Analysis

    • Created by Kurt Lewin, this model views change as a result of a balance between driving forces (pushing for change) and restraining forces (resisting change).

    Organisational Change Example: Australia Post

    • Example of how a successful organisation can be challenged by change.
    • Australia Post's decline in letter volume is a key issue due to increased reliance on email, text messages, and other electronic communication methods.

    Scepticism about Change

    • Thompson's "Disconnected Capitalism" argues that many organisations haven't truly changed despite the rhetoric of constant innovation.
    • Many organisations maintain lean and mean approaches, suggesting limited genuine transformation.

    Innovation

    • Innovation involves introducing significantly improved goods, services, processes, or methods.
    • Process innovation focuses on how things are done.
    • Product innovation focuses on creating new things.
    • Schumpeter's key idea is that innovation is about "doing things differently".
    • Creative Destruction is the idea that innovation destroys old industries and ways of working to create new ones.

    Disruptive Innovation

    • This revolutionises an industry through new products, services, or processes.
    • Example: The development of the smartphone disrupting the traditional mobile phone market.

    Ambidextrous Approach to Innovation

    • This combines structures and processes for both the creative development of new ideas and the systematic implementation of those innovations.
    • This approach encourages both bottom-up (ideas from employees) and top-down (ideas from leadership) innovation flows.

    Exploration Approach

    • Ideas can come from internal or external sources.
    • Open innovation welcomes ideas from outside the organisation.
    • Crowdsourcing leverages external human talent.
    • Innovation through acquisition involves purchasing innovative or entrepreneurial firms.

    Cooperation for Innovation

    • Internal coordination occurs when departments collaborate to develop innovations.
    • External coordination involves collaborating with external organisations.

    Change as Fetish

    • Many organisational change projects fail (around 60-70%).
    • Change should be centred on improvement rather than simply being implemented for the sake of change itself.

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    Related Documents

    Week 10 Organising (2) PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential concepts of organizing change and innovation within organizations, including Lewin's Three-Step Change Model and Force-Field Analysis. It also highlights real-world examples, such as the challenges faced by Australia Post. Test your understanding of how to effectively manage change and foster innovation in a business context.

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