Organisation and Structure of the Human Body

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What is the ideal pH range for the blood?

7.20-7.30

7.35-7.45 (correct)

7.50-7.60

7.10-7.20

What is the defining characteristic of a eukaryotic cell?

A large number of flagella

A membrane-bound nucleus (correct)

A cell wall

A rigid cell membrane

Which of the following is NOT a type of eukaryote?

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Bacteria (correct)

What is the basic unit of an organism?

Cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'jelly-like substance' inside a cell?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?

A bacterium Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the four key elements that make up humans?

96% Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the process of maintaining a steady internal body environment?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that is composed of multiple cells?

Tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the organelles in a cell?

To perform specific functions within the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the different types of connections between cells?

Junctions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the study of the structure and function of the human body, from the simplest atoms to the entire organism?

From atoms to the complete organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucus produced by the mucous membrane?

To reduce friction and facilitate absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which type of membrane lines the cavity of a joint?

Synovial membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the serous fluid between the two layers of a serous membrane?

To reduce friction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cutaneous membrane?

To protect the body from infection and drying out Signup and view all the answers

Which type of membrane is covered in mucus and lines passageways with external connections?

Mucous membrane Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of serous membranes mentioned in the text?

Pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of endocrine glands?

Secrete products, mainly hormones, into blood or fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which type of exocrine gland secretes mucous?

Mucous gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of secretion in merocrine glands?

Exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an organ?

A collection of various tissues organized to perform a specific function Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an organ system?

A collection of organs with a common function Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of glands that release products onto epithelial surfaces?

Exocrine glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the electron transport chain?

Inner mitochondrial membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the flow of H+ ions back across the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Production of ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue?

Avascular with a high rate of cell division Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of simple cuboidal epithelial cells?

Cube Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of simple squamous epithelial tissue?

Diffusion of gases and transport of substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of connective tissue?

Few cells and a lot of extracellular matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cartilage connective tissue?

Support and protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of skeletal muscle tissue?

Voluntary and striated Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of smooth muscle tissue?

Blood vessel and hollow organ contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of chemiosmosis?