Organic Chemistry: Theory and Hydrocarbons

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What is the theory of Vitalism in organic chemistry?

Organic compounds contain no carbon atoms

Organic compounds can only be produced by living organisms (correct)

Organic compounds can be produced by non-living processes

Organic compounds are strictly synthetic in nature

What type of bonds are present in hydrocarbons?

Carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen bonds

Carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen bonds

Carbon-phosphorous and carbon-halogen bonds

Carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds (correct)

Why are hydrocarbons poor conductors of electricity?

Due to their high boiling points

Containing aromatic structures

Being nonpolar molecules (correct)

Because they contain only carbon atoms

Where are most hydrocarbons deposited beneath the Earth's surface?

In the form of petroleum and natural gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of covalent bonds carbon can form with other carbon atoms?

4 bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of a plant cell wall?

Cellulose Signup and view all the answers

Why were some compounds called 'aromatic' in early chemistry?

Having a ring structure and pleasant fragrances Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide serves as an energy reserve in animals?

Glycogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glycoproteins in cells?

Facilitate cell-cell recognition Signup and view all the answers

Which carbohydrate is known as blood sugar?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbohydrate has 2-10 monosaccharide units?

Oligosaccharide Signup and view all the answers

Which carbohydrate has many monosaccharide units (thousands)?

Polysaccharide Signup and view all the answers

What is the hardest natural substance known on earth?

Diamond Signup and view all the answers

Which allotrope of carbon has no definite arrangement and includes examples like soot and charcoal?

Amorphous carbon Signup and view all the answers

What are Fullerenes commonly known as due to their resemblance to tiny soccer balls?

Carbon balls Signup and view all the answers

Who was Fullerene named after?

R.Buckminster Fuller Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of bonds carbon can form?

Four Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a property of carbon?

Inability to form long carbon chains like carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the main monomer of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharide Signup and view all the answers

Which elements together constitute about 90% of the dry weight of the human body?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant and concentrated source of usable energy in the body?

Triglycerides Signup and view all the answers

Which organic compounds are classified according to size as monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of lipids that makes them insoluble in water?

Fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

Which group of compounds includes nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids?

Organic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Which functional group is present in an aldose?

Aldehyde Signup and view all the answers

What is the common term used for D-galactose and D-glucose differing only in the configuration of the –OH group on carbon #4?

Epimers Signup and view all the answers

Which sugar is often referred to as 'brain sugar'?

Galactose Signup and view all the answers

What kind of sugars give a positive test with tollens and benedict’s solutions?

Reducing sugars Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is essential for RNA and energy-rich compounds like ATP?

Ribose Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is found in cellobiose?

Beta 1,4 linkage Signup and view all the answers

'Losing Electron is Oxidation' relates to which compound transformation?

-OH to -COOH Signup and view all the answers

'Gaining Electron is Reduction' relates to the transformation of:

-OH to -CHO Signup and view all the answers

'Deoxy' in 2-deoxy-d-Ribose means:

<ul> <li>an oxygen</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

'Hemiacetal + Alcohol' leads to the formation of a(n):

-Acetal group Signup and view all the answers