Organic Chemistry Techniques Quiz

Vacuum Filtration = Faster filtration due to solvent and air being pulled through filter paper Recrystallization = Purifying an impure compound using a solvent based on solubility Melting Point Determination = Finding the melting point of an organic solid in a capillary tube Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) = Separating substances on a silica-coated plate by solvent movement

Hot Solvent = Dissolves the impure solid during recrystallization Cold Solvent = Causes the pure solid to crystallize during recrystallization Impure Solid = Dissolved in a minimum amount of hot solvent to start recrystallization Crystals = Form as the solution cools down during recrystallization

Observed change of state during heating = Melting Point Determination Utilizes a metal plate coated with silica = Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) Relies on solubility increase with temperature = Recrystallization Involves faster filtration under reduced pressure = Vacuum Filtration

<p>Melting point apparatus = Melting Point Determination Vacuum filtration apparatus = Vacuum Filtration Thin-Layer Chromatography plate = Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) Solvent container for separation = Recrystallization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heating under Reflux = Continuous heating for reactions to proceed completely Distillation = Separation of liquids based on boiling points Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) = Separation and visualization of compounds in a mixture Recrystallization = Purification of solid compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marking the solvent front = Indicates the distance traveled by the solvent Drying the plate in a fume cupboard = Reduces toxic fumes before viewing chemical traces Viewing traces under a UV lamp = Allows visualization of separated substances Adding a developing agent like iodine = Aids in viewing colorless traces</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reflux apparatus = Used for continuous heating during reactions Condenser = Helps in condensing vapors back into a liquid Round-bottomed flask = Container for heating liquids during distillation Tubing surrounded by a condenser = Path for vapors to cool and condense back into liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>M+ Peak = The molecular ion peak with the greatest mass to charge ratio M+1 Peak = A small peak located 1 unit to the right of the molecular ion peak due to the presence of 13C isotope Fragmentation = Formation of fragment ions when a molecular ion breaks up into a positive ion and an uncharged free radical Infra-red Spectroscopy = Technique where specific frequencies absorbed by bonds in a compound when directed with infra-red radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecular Mass (Mr) = Equal to the m/z value of the M+ peak, furthest to the right on the spectrum Empirical Formula = Determined through other techniques and scaled up to Mr value from mass spectrometry for molecular formula 13C Isotope = Contains one more neutron than 12C, causing an increase in relative formula mass by 1 unit Free Radical (Y) = Uncharged species formed during fragmentation that does not produce a line on the spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thin-layer Chromatography = Separation technique used to analyze mixtures based on different affinities of compounds to the stationary phase Recrystallization = Purification method that involves dissolving a solid in a solvent and allowing it to slowly crystallize out Melting Point Determination = Technique to determine the purity of a solid compound based on its melting range Mass Spectrometry = Analytical technique used to determine the mass-to-charge ratio of ions in a sample</p> Signup and view all the answers