Organic Chemistry Stereochemistry Quiz

A compound is achiral if it does not contain a chiral carbon, which means it will not exhibit optical stereoisomerism.

Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, while diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images.

A stereoisomer is non-superimposable if it cannot be aligned with its mirror image, indicating that they are not identical.

<p>The presence of chiral carbons introduces the possibility of multiple stereoisomers, including enantiomers and diastereomers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Certain non-superimposable compounds can be diastereomers if they are not mirror images, while enantiomers must be non-superimposable mirror images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cl2 → 2Cl•</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3CO2 + 4H2O and heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger alkanes have stronger Van der Waals forces, making it difficult for molecules to separate and vaporize for combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon particulates (soot) and CO gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tertiary alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the number and types of atoms present along with their arrangement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A condensed formula includes all atoms and their connectivity, while a skeletal formula omits carbon atoms and shows only functional groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A skeletal formula does not show any carbon atoms or the junctions between bonds, while a displayed formula shows all atoms and their positions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Displayed formulas show all types of bonds present, including single, double, and triple bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen atoms are important as they complete the valency of carbon and determine the compound's reactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A skeletal formula is preferred when simplicity and ease of visualization of large organic structures is needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different representations help in visualizing the molecular structure, predicting reactivity, and understanding properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It implies that the compound is an ester, specifically methyl acetate, with a specific arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms but differ in spatial arrangement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, while diastereomers are not mirror images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chiral carbon is attached to four different atoms or groups, making the compound capable of optical isomerism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chiral compounds display non-superimposable mirror images, which are known as enantiomers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stereoisomers exist in compounds with structures that are non-superimposable mirror reflections of each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diastereomers differ in their spatial arrangement without being mirror images, unlike enantiomers, which are non-superimposable mirror images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example includes two compounds with the same molecular formula but arranged differently around a carbon center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-superimposable structures are significant as they lead to different chemical properties and biological activities in compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of an unpaired valence electron contributes to its high reactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An addition reaction involves two reactants combining to form one saturated product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In a substitution reaction, an atom or group in a molecule is replaced by a nucleophile, electrophile, or free radical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An elimination reaction results in a saturated reactant becoming an unsaturated product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unsaturation in organic molecules indicates the presence of double or triple bonds, making them reactive in addition reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rearrangement reactions involve one reactant transforming into a different structure, while substitution reactions involve replacing atoms or groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine's reactivity in substitution reactions can be attributed to its ability to form stable bonds with nucleophiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nucleophile is characterized by its ability to donate an electron pair to form a bond with a positively charged atom or a site with partial positive charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkenes exhibit geometric isomerism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sp2 hybridization in alkenes leads to a trigonal planar arrangement and a bond angle of 120˚.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stability of alkenes increases with the number of alkyl groups attached to the double bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n, derived from their unsaturated nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The double bond in alkenes makes them more reactive than alkanes due to increased electron density.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correct naming in IUPAC nomenclature ensures the identification of the structure and location of the double bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkenes commonly undergo electrophilic addition reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The double bond causes a planar structure around the carbon atoms, restricting rotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers