Optics Test Review

Optics Test Review

• Reflection:
  • Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
  • Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal are on the same plane
• Electromagnetic Spectrum (least to most energetic):
  • Radio, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma rays
• Electromagnetic Waves and Their Uses:
  • X-rays: medical imaging
  • Ultraviolet light: vitamin D production
  • Radio waves: telecommunication, radar
  • Infrared light: TV remote controls, theatre/concert effects
  • Microwaves: TV remote controls, radar
  • Gamma rays: cancer treatment
  • Visible light: medical imaging, theatre/concert effects
• Primary Colors of Light:
  • Red, green, blue
• Secondary Colors of Light:
  • Cyan, yellow, magenta
• Combining Primary Colors:
  • Combining red, green, and blue light produces white light
• Color Filters:
  • A green filter followed by a yellow filter with white light produces yellow
  • A color filter opposite of another color creates white light. The opposite of red is cyan
• Types of Mirrors:
  • Plane mirror: Produces a virtual image that is the same size as the object, upright, and laterally inverted.
  • Convex mirror: Always produces a virtual image that is smaller than the object, upright.
• Types of Reflection:
  • Specular: Reflection off a smooth surface
  • Diffuse: Reflection off an irregular surface
• Luminous vs Non-luminous:
  • Luminous: Produces its own light (e.g., sun, lightbulb)
  • Non-luminous: Does not produce its own light (e.g., a book)
• Light in Different Media:
  • Light bends (refracts) when moving from one medium to another depending on how fast it travels in that medium
  • Total internal reflection occurs when light is traveling from a slower to faster medium and has an angle greater than the critical angle.
• Terms:
  • Angle of Incidence: Angle between the incident ray and the normal
  • Angle of Reflection: Angle between the reflected ray and the normal
  • Focal Length: Distance from the mirror to the focal point
  • Incident Ray: Ray of light striking a surface
  • Normal: Line perpendicular to the surface
  • Reflected Ray: Ray of light that bounces off a surface
  • Principal Axis: Line passing through the center of a spherical mirror or lens.
  • Plane Mirror: A flat mirror that produces virtual, upright, and laterally inverted images of the same size as the object.

Additional Information

• Detailed diagrams for ray diagrams with mirrors and lenses are required, and descriptions of the image characteristics for each diagram.