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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about fluorescent lamps?
Which of the following is true about fluorescent lamps?
What characterizes dull sunlight?
What characterizes dull sunlight?
What is true about a flash bulb?
What is true about a flash bulb?
What does coherent light refer to?
What does coherent light refer to?
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Who invented the concept of the hologram?
Who invented the concept of the hologram?
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What type of light is produced by a photoflood lamp?
What type of light is produced by a photoflood lamp?
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Which of the following describes artificial light?
Which of the following describes artificial light?
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What is the main characteristic of cloudy bright sunlight?
What is the main characteristic of cloudy bright sunlight?
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What is considered the photographic rays with the longest wavelength?
What is considered the photographic rays with the longest wavelength?
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Which color of light is produced by the absorption of green and blue light by an object?
Which color of light is produced by the absorption of green and blue light by an object?
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What type of objects allow light to pass through but do not allow the outline of the light source to be clearly visible?
What type of objects allow light to pass through but do not allow the outline of the light source to be clearly visible?
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Which of the following describes the bending of light when it strikes the edge of an opaque object?
Which of the following describes the bending of light when it strikes the edge of an opaque object?
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What is the presence of all colors of light called?
What is the presence of all colors of light called?
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Which type of light is classified as natural light?
Which type of light is classified as natural light?
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Which of the following is true about opaque objects?
Which of the following is true about opaque objects?
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What does Isaac Newton's experiment with a glass prism demonstrate?
What does Isaac Newton's experiment with a glass prism demonstrate?
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What effect does a fast shutter speed have on motion in photography?
What effect does a fast shutter speed have on motion in photography?
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What is the primary function of the lens aperture?
What is the primary function of the lens aperture?
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Which of the following is true about the focal plane shutter?
Which of the following is true about the focal plane shutter?
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What does a smaller lens opening provide in photography?
What does a smaller lens opening provide in photography?
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What does the term 'hyperfocal distance' refer to?
What does the term 'hyperfocal distance' refer to?
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Which setting on a camera shutter allows long exposures while holding the shutter release?
Which setting on a camera shutter allows long exposures while holding the shutter release?
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How does the f-number relate to the size of the lens opening?
How does the f-number relate to the size of the lens opening?
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What is the primary purpose of focusing in photography?
What is the primary purpose of focusing in photography?
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What is an advantage of off-camera flash photography?
What is an advantage of off-camera flash photography?
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Which camera part is responsible for controlling the duration of light exposure to the film?
Which camera part is responsible for controlling the duration of light exposure to the film?
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What does a light-tight box in a camera do?
What does a light-tight box in a camera do?
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What is the primary function of a lens in a camera?
What is the primary function of a lens in a camera?
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Which shutter speed would be appropriate for bright lighting conditions?
Which shutter speed would be appropriate for bright lighting conditions?
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What happens if the film holder is not secure in a camera?
What happens if the film holder is not secure in a camera?
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Which part of the camera helps to view the entire scene coverage?
Which part of the camera helps to view the entire scene coverage?
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What type of focusing device uses a blurred image that turns sharp upon adjustment?
What type of focusing device uses a blurred image that turns sharp upon adjustment?
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How does slow shutter speed affect exposure?
How does slow shutter speed affect exposure?
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Which focusing method creates a double image when the object is not in focus?
Which focusing method creates a double image when the object is not in focus?
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What accessory is specifically used to reduce camera shake during shooting?
What accessory is specifically used to reduce camera shake during shooting?
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Which of the following accessories helps to eliminate reflection on the lens?
Which of the following accessories helps to eliminate reflection on the lens?
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Which type of camera accessory can be used to determine the intensity of light affecting the image?
Which type of camera accessory can be used to determine the intensity of light affecting the image?
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Which focusing device is based on estimating the distance to focus the camera?
Which focusing device is based on estimating the distance to focus the camera?
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What component is crucial for stabilizing a camera during long exposure shots?
What component is crucial for stabilizing a camera during long exposure shots?
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What is the function of an extension tube in macrophotography?
What is the function of an extension tube in macrophotography?
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Study Notes
Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Visible Light: Wavelength of 400 to 700 millimicrons, used for ordinary photography.
- Infra-red (Beyond the Red): Longest wavelength (700 to 1000 millimicrons), used for photographing overwritten documents, obliterated writing, and charred documents.
- Isaac Newton (1666): Proved that white light is a mixture of all colors of the spectrum, which can be seen by passing light through a glass prism.
Colors of Light
- Primary Colors: Blue, Green, Red
- Secondary Colors: Cyan, Yellow, Magenta
- Neutral Colors: Gray, White, Black
- White: Presence of all colors
- Black: Absence of all colors
Painted Objects
- Painted objects do not produce their own light, they reflect light.
- Objects appear red because they reflect only red light to our eyes, meaning they absorbed the other primary colors (green and blue).
Mediums of Light
- Transparent Objects: Allow light to pass freely, transmitting 90% or more of the incident light.
- Translucent Objects: Allow light to pass through, but the source of light isn't clearly visible, transmitting 50% or less of the incident light.
- Opaque Objects: Divert or absorb light, preventing it from passing through. They absorb most of the light, reflecting some.
Manner of Bending Light
- Reflection: Rebounding or deflection of light when it hits a surface.
- Refraction: Bending of light when passing from one medium to another.
- Diffraction: Bending of light when it strikes the edge of an opaque object.
Light Sources
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Natural Light: Exists without human intervention: Sunlight, moonlight, and starlight.
- Bright Sunlight: Objects in open spaces cast shadows.
- Hazy Sunlight: Objects in open spaces cast no shadows, but distant objects are visible.
- Dull Sunlight: Objects in open spaces cast no shadows, and visibility of distant objects is limited.
- Artificial Light (Man-Made Light): Fluorescent bulbs, incandescent bulbs, and photoflood lamps.
Types of Artificial Light
- Photoflood Lamp (Reflectorized Light or Spotlight): Reflector at the back focuses light on the object.
- Fluorescent Lamp: Tube lamps coated with fluorescent powders, mounted with holders that serve as reflectors.
- Incandescent Bulb: Bulb with a wire filament that sustains electrical charge to produce light.
Short Duration Type
- Flash Bulb: Chemical lamps that generate light by the rapid combination of metal and oxygen.
- Concurrent Light: Light is scattered.
- Coherent Light: Light that is aligned, like laser light.
Holograms
- Hologram: An image formed using laser light.
- Dennis Gabor (1948): Invented the hologram and explained its discovery.
Flash Photography
- Flash photography: A technique using a camera flash to illuminate a subject or scene.
- Flash: Can be built-in or externally attached to the camera.
Types of Flash Photography
- On-Camera Flash: A flash that is physically attached to the camera - can often result in harsh shadows or red-eye effect in portraits.
- Off-Camera Flash: Uses a separate flash, allowing for more control over lighting.
Camera
- Camera: A light-tight box with a light-gathering device and a mechanism to block unwanted light from reaching the sensitized material.
Essential Parts of a Camera
- Light-Tight Box: Keeps light out and holds other camera parts.
- Lens: Collects or focuses reflected light from an object to form an image on the film.
- Shutter: Controls the time light reaches the film.
- Film Holder: Holds the film securely to prevent multiple or blurred images.
- View Finder: Determines the field of view (coverage) of the lens.
Other Camera Parts
- Viewing System: Shows the photographer the entire scene that can be captured on the film.
- Film Advancer: Transfers exposed film to the take-up spool and positions unexposed film for the next exposure.
- Shutter Speed: Regulates the time the film is exposed, impacting the amount of light reaching the film.
Types of Shutter
- Between-the-Lens or Central Shutter: Located between the lens elements, consisting of metal leaves that open and close from the center.
- Focal Plane Shutter: Located near the film, usually made of a cloth curtain that moves across the film plane.
- B (Bulb): Keeps the shutter open as long as the shutter release is held down.
- T (Time): Keeps the shutter open until the shutter release is pressed again.
Lens Aperture
- Lens Aperture: The ratio of the lens diameter to its focal length. It determines the light-gathering power of the lens. Measured in f-numbers (f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, etc.).
- Diaphragm: A device with overlapping metal leaves that regulate the aperture size, controlling the amount of light reaching the film.
- Depth of Field: The distance from the nearest to the farthest object in focus when the lens is set to a particular distance.
- Depth of Focus: The distance between the film and the lens that the lens can be moved at a specific aperture and still produce a sharp image.
- Hyperfocal Distance: The closest distance at which a lens is focused with a specific aperture, achieving the maximum depth of field.
Focusing
- Focusing: Adjusting the lens to control the sharpness of the image.
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Focusing Devices:
- Rangefinder: Superimposed images, objects appear double when out of focus, then coincide when focused.
- Split Image Focusing: Image appears split when out of focus and unites when focused.
- Ground Glass: Observing the image on the ground glass behind the taking lens, objects appear blur and sharp when focused.
- Scale Bed/Focusing Scale: Estimating the distance of the object and adjusting the camera control based on the estimation.
Camera Accessories
- Tripod: A stand with three legs and a mounting head to support and stabilize the camera.
- Cable Release: A cable with a button or plunger to prevent accidental camera movement.
- Flash Unit: An artificial light source synchronized with the shutter to provide a brief, bright burst of illumination.
- Light Meter: Determines the intensity of light.
- Extension Tube: Inserts between the lens and camera, increasing magnification for macrophotography.
- Camera Grip: Helps hold the camera firmly to prevent vibration or movement.
- Lens Hood: Attaches to the front of the lens to shield it from extraneous light and prevent reflections.
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Description
This quiz explores the electromagnetic spectrum, focusing on visible light and its properties. Learn about the primary and secondary colors, how painted objects interact with light, and the role of transparent mediums. Test your understanding of these fundamental concepts in optics and light behavior.
