Operating System and Administration (CO2011) - Unit I
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Questions and Answers

What is a major reason why UNIX became so popular?

It is written in a high-level language, making it easy to read, understand, change, and move to other machines.

What is a key characteristic of the user interface in UNIX?

It has a simple user interface that has the power to provide the services that users want.

How does the file system in UNIX facilitate maintenance and implementation?

It uses a hierarchical file system that allows easy maintenance and efficient implementation.

What is the format of files in UNIX that makes application programs easier to write?

<p>A consistent format for files, the byte stream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does UNIX provide interface to peripheral devices?

<p>It provides a simple, consistent interface to peripheral devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of UNIX that allows for the creation of complex programs?

<p>It provides primitives that permit complex programs to be built from simpler programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key features of UNIX that allows users to write programs that run on different hardware implementations?

<p>It hides the machine architecture from the user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1973 Fourth Edition of UNIX?

<p>It was rewritten in C, making it portable and changing the history of OS's.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first version of UNIX to be widely available outside of Bell Labs?

<p>The Sixth Edition, also known as Version 6.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable features were introduced in the 1979 Seventh Edition of UNIX?

<p>C, UUCP, and the Bourne shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 1982 release of System III?

<p>It was the first public release outside Bell Laboratories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was introduced by Microsoft in 1980?

<p>Xenix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a program after a user compiles it in Unix?

<p>The program resides on disk as an executable file.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'process' describe in the context of Unix?

<p>A program that is actually running within the purview of Unix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps that Unix takes when a user requests to run a program?

<p>Unix loads the program from the executable file on disk, builds appropriate data structures, and then starts it running.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a process to Unix?

<p>A (fairly complex) data structure in which Unix keeps all of the information about the status of the program that is running.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the TRAP instruction in Unix system calls?

<p>It does the actual call to the Unix system service in question.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of functions that require accessing hardware and are therefore only available through services provided by the operating system?

<p>printf, exit, and open.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome when the fork() system call is executed?

<p>A new complete copy of the program main is created, including all its data and code areas as they exist at that moment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What value does the child process return from the fork() call?

<p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the parent process when it resumes running after the fork() call?

<p>It returns from the call to fork() with a nonzero return value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a process such as P25 executes the wait system call?

<p>It causes a Unix service to be accessed which puts the process to sleep by putting its data structure into a wait queue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the exec1 system call do in the child process?

<p>Replaces the program and data areas of P50 with a new program (program copy).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of I/O redirection in Unix?

<p>To redirect output of a command into a file or to issue another command on the output of one command.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the operating system determine which process to run, the child or the parent?

<p>Either the child process or the parent process can run, putting the other on the ready to run queue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two building block primitives of Unix?

<p>I/O redirection and Pipe(|).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default input device for most Unix commands?

<p>The keyboard, which is the standard input (stdin) device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of the child process when it starts running?

<p>It starts by returning from the call to fork() with a return value of zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a child process finishes executing?

<p>Unix will wake up any process that was waiting for it to finish and put the data structure for that process on the ready to run queue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the “|” (pipe) operator in Unix?

<p>To send the standard output of one command to another command as standard input.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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