One Sample Test of Hypothesis and Significance in Data Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing in statistics?

  • To make decisions about the population parameters based on sample data (correct)
  • To determine the null hypothesis
  • To collect population data
  • To make assumptions about the sample data

Which statement best describes the null hypothesis?

  • It represents what the researcher is trying to find evidence for.
  • It serves as the default or status quo assumption. (correct)
  • It assumes a relationship between variables.
  • It asserts a significant difference in the population.

What does the alternative hypothesis represent?

  • A default assumption
  • A status quo assumption
  • Opposite of the null hypothesis (correct)
  • No effect or difference in the population

In hypothesis testing, what does H0 usually state?

<p>There is no change or difference in the population. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting hypothesis testing, what does H1 represent?

<p>The opposite of the null hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypothesis asserts that there is no significant difference between groups being compared?

<p>Null hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does H0 assume about population parameters before any evidence is collected?

<p>It assumes there is no significant difference. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hypothesis asserts that there is a significant difference, effect, or relationship in the population?

<p>Alternative hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or False: The null hypothesis always states a positive effect or change in the population.

<p><strong>False</strong> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the null hypothesis if there is enough evidence to reject it?

<p>It is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the significance level in hypothesis testing?

<p>To set the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a two-tailed test, how are the z-values that cut off the tails of the standard normal distribution determined?

<p>By finding z-values that cut off α/2 in each tail (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used instead of the population standard deviation in hypothesis testing when it is unknown?

<p>Sample standard deviation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the degrees of freedom calculated in a hypothesis test for a population mean?

<p>By subtracting 1 from the sample size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does one reject the null hypothesis in a right-tailed test using the t-statistic?

<p>If the calculated t-score is greater than the critical value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distribution is used for testing hypotheses about a population variance?

<p>$ ilde{ ext{X}}$-distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What step involves looking up critical t-values from a table in hypothesis testing for a population variance?

<p>Determine the critical value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a left-tailed test for a population variance, when is the null hypothesis rejected?

<p>If chi-square &gt; critical value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What step follows calculating the test statistic when using the t-distribution in hypothesis testing for a population mean?

<p>Determine the degrees of freedom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When determining whether to reject the null hypothesis in a two-tailed test with chi-square distribution, what condition indicates rejection?

<p>When chi-square &gt; critical value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

<p>To determine if there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Type I error?

<p>It is the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Type II error involve?

<p>Accepting the null hypothesis when it is false (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of decreasing the probability of Type I error?

<p>Increased chance of Type II error (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lower beta level signify in hypothesis testing?

<p>Increased risk of Type II error (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting a two-tailed test for population mean using z-statistic, what does rejecting the null hypothesis indicate?

<p>Accepting that there is a significant difference between sample mean and population mean (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Balancing Type I and Type II Errors' refers to what in hypothesis testing?

<p>The trade-off and relationship between minimizing different types of errors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Power of a test' in hypothesis testing refers to what?

<p>Ability to correctly reject a false null hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Type I Error' is also known as what in statistical hypothesis testing?

<p>'False Positive' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Type II Error' is associated with which scenario in statistical hypothesis testing?

<p>'Failing to reject a false null hypothesis' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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