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Questions and Answers
A patient taking omeprazole long-term should be monitored for which potential adverse effect?
A patient taking omeprazole long-term should be monitored for which potential adverse effect?
- Bone fractures (correct)
- Increased bone density
- Reduced risk of gastric ulcers
- Hypercalcemia
Which mechanism of action explains how ondansetron controls vomiting and nausea?
Which mechanism of action explains how ondansetron controls vomiting and nausea?
- Blocking serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (correct)
- Stimulating bowel motility through direct smooth muscle activation
- Drawing water into the stools to soften them
- Inhibition of the gastric proton pump
Why is it important to administer colace with a full glass of water?
Why is it important to administer colace with a full glass of water?
- To speed up the onset of action of the medication
- To minimize the risk of developing prolonged QT waves
- To prevent esophageal obstruction and enhance stool softening (correct)
- To counteract potential hypokalemia
A patient with a history of abnormal kidney function is prescribed ondansetron. What is the most important consideration for the healthcare provider?
A patient with a history of abnormal kidney function is prescribed ondansetron. What is the most important consideration for the healthcare provider?
A patient reports taking both omeprazole and another drug. Why is it crucial to check for potential drug interactions?
A patient reports taking both omeprazole and another drug. Why is it crucial to check for potential drug interactions?
Flashcards
Omeprazole
Omeprazole
A proton pump inhibitor used to treat ulcers and GERD.
Proton Pump Inhibitor
Proton Pump Inhibitor
A class of drugs that block gastric acid production.
Ondansetron
Ondansetron
An antiemetic that prevents nausea and vomiting.
5-HT3 Antagonists
5-HT3 Antagonists
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Colace
Colace
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Study Notes
Omeprazole
- Generic Name: Omeprazole
- Therapeutic Class: Antiulcer
- Pharmacologic Class: Proton pump inhibitor
- Indication: Treatment of peptic ulcers, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, GERD, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Action: Binds to gastric proton pump, preventing gastric acid release
- Adverse Effects: Bone fractures with long-term use, hypocalcemia, GI upset (nausea, diarrhea, headache)
- Nursing Considerations: Hypersensitivity to omeprazole, drug interactions with other drugs (check patient's drug list), report diarrhea, abdominal pain, or bloody stools.
Ondansetron
- Generic Name: Ondansetron
- Therapeutic Class: Antiemetics
- Pharmacologic Class: 5-HT3 Antagonists
- Indication: Nausea and vomiting
- Action: Blocks serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone
- Adverse Effects: Prolonged QT Waves
- Side Effects: Headache, constipation, diarrhea
- Nursing Considerations: Use cautiously in patients with abnormal kidney function; increased risk of death in patients with dementia
- Patient Teaching: Possible false positive pregnancy tests, check with physician if planning to breastfeed
Colace
- Generic Name: Colace
- Therapeutic Class: Laxatives
- Pharmacologic Class: Stool softeners
- Indication: Prevention of constipation
- Action: Draws water into stools, promoting softer stool
- Adverse Effects: Esophageal or bowel obstruction, mild cramping, bloating, gas, diarrhea
- Nursing Considerations: Safe for pregnancy, children should only take if indicated by physician
- Patient Teaching: Take as directed with a full glass of water; increase intake of fiber and fluids; avoid straining
Miralax
- Generic Name: Miralax
- Therapeutic Class: Laxatives
- Pharmacologic Class: Cathartics-Saline, Osmotic laxative
- Indication: Constipation, bowel preparation for procedures or surgery
- Action: Draws water into the intestines, promoting peristalsis
- Adverse Effects: Hypermagnesemia
- Side Effects: Cramping, bloating, diarrhea
- Nursing Considerations: Monitor for signs of magnesium toxicity
- Patient Teaching: Take as directed; avoid straining
Lomotil
- Generic Name: Lomotil
- Therapeutic Class: Antidiarrheal
- Pharmacologic Class: Antidiarrheal-Opiate-related
- Indication: Treatment of diarrhea
- Action: Inhibits peristalsis and prolongs transit time
- Adverse Effects: Tachycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, flushing, urinary retention
- Nursing Considerations: Risk of dependence with prolonged use; alcohol use may increase the risk of depression
- Patient Teaching: Take medication orally; do not strain
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Description
Profiles of Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor used to treat ulcers and GERD, and Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist used as an antiemetic. Includes indications, actions, adverse effects, and nursing considerations for safe administration.
