Oil & Gas Production Operations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the Process Variables Table provide information about?

Piping and instrumentation diagram

Type of equipment used in the process

Electrical connections in the process

Pressure, liquid flow, vapor flow, total flow, and temperature in different streams (correct)

What is the function of V-001 in the PTP Process Flow Diagram?

Two-phase separation (correct)

Filtering

Cooling

Heating

What does the Title Block in a P&ID show?

Process piping and equipment

Legend and symbols used in the drawing

Plant name, drawing number, date, scale, and revision number (correct)

Equipment data and instrumentation

What is the purpose of P-002 in the PTP Process Flow Diagram?

Chemical dosing Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of E-001 A/B in the PTP Process Flow Diagram?

Cooling Signup and view all the answers

What is a P&ID?

A detailed representation of a process plant Signup and view all the answers

What is shown in the Diagram of a P&ID?

Process piping together with the equipment and instrumentation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of V-003 A/B in the PTP Process Flow Diagram?

Filtering Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of crude oil?

Hydrocarbon molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the flash zone in a distillation tower?

The feed section area where the crude oil changes into a mixture of liquid and vapour Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the temperature at which wax in crude oil forms a cloudy appearance?

Cloud Point Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rectifying section in a distillation tower?

To re-absorb any liquid droplets from the rising vapours Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Floating Production System (FPS)?

To drill and produce crude oil Signup and view all the answers

What is conduction in the context of heat transfer?

An exchange of energy by direct interaction between molecules of a substance with temperature differences Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the temperature at which crude oil becomes semi-solid and ceases to flow?

Pour Point Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of a production facility?

To process the well fluids into clean, marketable products Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a fin fan cooler?

To cool fluids using air flow Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heat exchanger is classified based on its type of construction?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What type of vessel is used in a Floating Production, Storage & Offloading System (FPSO)?

Large tanker type vessel Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a storage tank?

To store fluids Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main classes of hydrocarbons found in crude oil?

Paraffins, Naphthenes, and Aromatics Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Reid Vapor Pressure Apparatus?

To measure the vapor pressure of crude oil Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the light vapour components being removed from heavier liquids?

Stripping Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the trays below the feed nozzle in a distillation tower?

Stripping section Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the throttle valve in a steam turbine?

To regulate the amount of steam that is allowed into the turbine Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person comes into contact with energized conductors?

They receive an electrical shock due to current flowing through their skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of electricity passing through the body?

Electrical burn causing temporary or permanent damage Signup and view all the answers

What is an Arc-Flash?

An unexpected sudden release of heat and light energy produced by electricity Signup and view all the answers

What is a hazard associated with steam turbine operation due to steam leak or condensate release?

Slips and falls hazard Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial safety measure to prevent serious injury to personnel and equipment damage during steam turbine operation?

Always keep the work area clean Signup and view all the answers

What type of hazard is associated with wet steam during steam turbine operation?

Wet steam hazard Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of safety checks during steam turbine operation?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the pressure of the process air supplied to the mixing manifold and PTPPs?

6.0 barg Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature of the process air supplied to the mixing manifold and PTPPs?

40oC Signup and view all the answers

Where is the compressed air from the Air Receiver preferentially routed to?

Instrument Air Dryers Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of the Air Receiver between normal and minimum operating pressures?

5 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the pressure of the instrument air supplied to the Instrument Air distribution header?

7.0 barg Signup and view all the answers

What type of dryers are used in the Instrument Air Dryer package?

Refrigerated type dryers Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Crude Oil Chemistry

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules, which are organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Crude oil contains mainly three classes of hydrocarbons: paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics.

Crude Oil Properties

Cloud point: the temperature at which dissolved solids are no longer completely soluble, precipitating as a second phase giving the fluid a cloudy appearance.
Pour point: the temperature at which the crude oil becomes semi-solid and ceases to flow.

Floating Production System (FPS)

Consists of a semi-submersible unit equipped with drilling and production equipment.

Floating Production, Storage & Offloading System (FPSO)

Consists of a large tanker type vessel moored to the seafloor.

Main Processing Facility

The main objective of a production facility is to process the well fluids into clean, marketable products.
A typical oil, natural gas production facility consists of the following systems:
- Process Variables Table
- Stream Number
- Vapour Fraction
- Pressure bar g
- Temperature °C
- Liquid m3/hr
- Vapour Am3/hr
- Total flow m3/hr

Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

H-001: Electrical Heater / Heater
V-001: Two-phase separator
P-002: Chemical dosing pump / Corrosion inhibitor pump
V-003 A/B: Filters
E-001 A/B: Fin fan Coolers

Piping and Instrument Diagram (P&ID)

A P&ID gives a complete and detailed representation of a process plant.
Legend: shows symbols and names used in the drawing.
Title Block: shows the plant name, drawing number, date, scale, and revision number.
Equipment Data Block: provides detailed information about the equipment.
Diagram: shows the process piping together with the equipment and instrumentation.

Heat Exchangers

Heat Transfer Modes:
- Conduction: exchange of energy by direct interaction between molecules of a substance with temperature differences.
- Convection: heat transfer due to the combined influence of bulk and random motion for fluid flow over a surface.
- Radiation: energy that is emitted by matter due to changes in the electron configurations of its atoms or molecules and is transported as electromagnetic waves (or photons).
HEs Classification Based on Type of Construction:
- Shell and tube HE
- Plate HE
- Fin fan cooler and Fired heater

Storage Tanks

Selection criteria for a fixed roof tank.

Hazards and Safety

Hazards associated with Electric Motor operation:
- Electric shock
- Electric burns
- Exposure to arc-flash
Hazards associated with Steam Turbine operation:
- Wet steam hazard
- Heat and high-pressure hazard
- Warm-up hazard
- Over-speeding
- Slips and falls hazard
Safety checks associated with Steam Turbine operation:
- Safe operation of steam turbine requires careful observance of all safety rules and safety procedures to protect serious injury to personal and prevent damage to equipment.

Air Compressor and Air Receiver

Air Compressor discharge is routed to the Air Receiver 700-V-1502 via After Cooler.
Compressed air from the Air Receiver is supplied to the Process Air header and to all 4 PTPPs.
Process air is supplied at a pressure of 6.0 barg and 40 oC.
Compressed Air from the Air Receiver is supplied to the Instrument Air Dryers 700-A-1503A/B.
The Instrument Air Dryer package consists of two Refrigerated type dryers 700-A-1503A/B.
Air Dryers are supplied by Ingersoll Rand.
Dried air from the dryer package is supplied to the Instrument Air distribution header.
The Air Receiver has up to 5 minutes capacity between normal and minimum operating pressures to allow safe operation and shutdown of the plant in the event of loss of air.

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of crude oil chemistry, including the composition of hydrocarbon molecules and types of hydrocarbons found in crude oil.