Ch 4 pg 68-77

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Questions and Answers

Which method is advisable for stretching a hose around a narrow staircase?

Stretched tight against the wall

Wrapped around the banister (correct)

Wedge it into the door

Straight along the stairway

What can happen when a line wedges?

To help identify fire intensity

To create a barrier against smoke

Locks door in position, cutting off entry or escape (correct)

To prevent door closure

When deciding where to place a hoseline what should be considered?

Calling for backup personnel

Using the largest hose available

Deploying firefighting foam

Protecting human life (correct)

What is the maximum practical length of 1 3/4 hose that can be supplied?

300 feet Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to cut friction losses in larger apartment complexes?

2½-inch hose Signup and view all the answers

How much hose for 200x200ft building?

400 ft Signup and view all the answers

What is advised to reduce exposure to heat during firefighting?

Put out the fire quickly Signup and view all the answers

In a medium-size commercial building, how much hose is typically required?

300 feet or more Signup and view all the answers

What influence how a line arrives to a fire in a building?

Building features as well as the hose loads Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a break-apart nozzle at the tip of the hose?

To allow for easier hose management Signup and view all the answers

What should the second member do with the extra hose when approaching the fire area?

Stretch the extra hose near the building. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using chocks during hoseline management?

To prevent the hose from getting trapped under closing doors. Signup and view all the answers

In a private house fire, where should most of the hose be positioned?

Outside the building. Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of hose needed to reach from the ground floor to the fifth floor if not going around the bannister?

50 feet Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the loops of hose drag on the stairs?

Carry the hose in the well instead. Signup and view all the answers

What risk does having open stairs and wide wells pose during a fire in lower floors? Older buildings have these

It allows for rapid movement of heat, smoke, and gases to upper floors. Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary step to take before charging the hose?

Pull up enough hose for securing below the next coupling. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the recommended approach for hauling the hoseline in situations where the stairs wrap around an elevator?

Haul it up by rope to the window on the half landing. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary guideline for determining the amount of hose needed for a fire?

Hose length should equal the width of the building plus the depth plus the number of floors involved. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of overstretching hose?

Increased pump pressures and added clutter. Signup and view all the answers

How can firefighters ensure they have the correct hose length?

Have the nozzle team arrive with one or two lengths to spare. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended minimum hose length for a fire in a one-story 200 x 200-ft warehouse?

400 ft Signup and view all the answers

When might you use a fire escape line method?

Strong wind pushing in from the fire escape and driving fire towards the stairway Signup and view all the answers

Why is the fire escape line not recommended as the first tactic?

It can push fire, steam, and gases back into the building. Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest priority when placing an initial hoseline?

To protect the interior staircases Signup and view all the answers

Where should the first hoseline be stretched in a multilevel building?

Protect the rescue and another line to the to the door through interior stairway. Signup and view all the answers

How should the nozzle team position themselves when addressing fire at a window?

On the side of the window with a narrow fog pattern Signup and view all the answers

Where should the hoseline be positioned to protect in a multilevel building?

The interior staircases Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three critical outcomes of properly placed hoselines?

Stopping fire access to its path of extension Signup and view all the answers

In addition to protecting staircases, why is it important to position hoselines strategically?

To provide access for additional personnel and equipment Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when addressing fire through a window?

Directing the stream into the windows Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when putting a hoseline into operation?

The ultimate destination of the hose Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a too-large hoseline is stretched?

The fire will be extinguished, but it may take longer Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason to avoid using aerial devices as standpipes?

They reduce the effectiveness of rescue operations Signup and view all the answers

What is considered taboo regarding hoselines from aerial devices?

Stretching a handline directly off the device Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence noted from violating established hoseline protocols?

Significant losses resulted from tactical errors Signup and view all the answers

When can a handline be used from the end of a ladder pipe?

When the fire is in its final stages for overhauling Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of stretching hoselines incorrectly?

Delivering insufficient water to the fire Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the primary functions of aerial devices during a fire operation?

To provide upper-floor entry and heavy-stream operations Signup and view all the answers

What should firefighters ensure before descending stairs during a below-grade fire?

The line is charged Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy is recommended when facing a fire in one-story buildings or outdoor fires?

Attack from the unburned side Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use a charged line before moving into a building with below-grade fires?

To provide protection during escape Signup and view all the answers

What does modern hoseline technology allow compared to the 1½-in. Navy fog nozzle?

More than triple the flow rate Signup and view all the answers

How should firefighters handle a situation where the first hoseline cannot knock down the fire?

Cut off the fire by changing tactics Signup and view all the answers

What must be prioritized when firefighting in a structure with a below-grade fire?

Charging the hoseline Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant development in firefighting strategy during the 1950s and 1960s?

The introduction of SCBA and lighter hose Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of attacking from the unburned side during a fire operation?

To contain and drive back the fire Signup and view all the answers

In a firefighting context, what does the term 'charged line' refer to?

A hose that is ready to deploy with water Signup and view all the answers

Evan relatively small commercial buildings can require ___ ft or more of hose to reach the fire

300 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fire Suppression Tactics

Prioritize ensuring adequate water and hose length during the incipient stage of a fire; insufficient hose can leave personnel vulnerable and unable to reach the fire.
Protective clothing slows heat transfer but does not prevent it, making quick fire suppression essential to minimize exposure.

Maximum Hose Length

Maximum practical length for 1.4-inch hose is approximately 300 feet; for larger complexes, 2½-inch hose reduces friction losses.
2½-inch hose is commonly used in both residential and commercial fires.

Stretching the Hose

Stretch from a main bed of 2½-inch hose close to the fire area; attach an intermediate-size hose and nozzle for effective operation.
Buildings without a standpipe may require sufficient hose to reach all areas safely.

Estimating Hose Length

For larger buildings, estimate hose needed by adding length and depth, plus one length for each additional floor.
A typical estimate for a one-story, 200 x 200 ft warehouse is at least 400 ft of hose; adjust based on the fire's location.

Managing Hoselines

Preconnected hoselines should be easily manageable for multiple team members, avoiding unnecessary strain or clutter.
Ensure uncharged hoselines do not become trapped when entering structures; utilize chocks or mats for safe openings.

Firefighting in Various Structures

Arriving first at a fire scene entails assessing conditions and employing proper tactics; for instance, enough flow is crucial to darken the fire quickly.
In buildings with open stairs, use available space to carry hoses, which can reduce the length needed in challenging configurations.

Fire Escapes and Non-Fireproof Buildings

Use fire escapes cautiously; they can inadvertently push fire and smoke back into buildings if not employed properly during initial tactics.
In older multi-story buildings, assess the open stairwells for quick hose stretch possibilities while remaining cautious of rapid fire expansion.

Importance of Hoseline Placement

Protecting interior staircases is critical; they serve as flues for heat and smoke, posing a risk to occupants.
Initial hoselines should focus on protecting life hazards, confining fire spread, and maintaining access for additional resources and personnel.

Tactical Considerations

Immediately get water flowing to suppress the fire effectively; avoid directing streams into windows, which could exacerbate fire conditions.
Maintain a charged hoseline when descending for below-grade fires to ensure firefighter safety in case of sudden intensification.

Efficient Hose Management

Use a strategic approach for hose placement, ensuring efficiency without compromising safety; properly secure hoses to prevent unwanted strain from water pressure.
Employ tactics that focus on containment rather than chasing rapidly progressing fires, particularly in one-story commercial environments.

Summary of Techniques

Use ropes and external methods to haul hoselines to upper floors when navigating complicated layouts.
Keep firefighting paths clear for personnel and evacuation; anticipate equipment needs and preemptively stretch sufficient hoseline to meet demands.### Navy Fog Nozzle
Floes only 54 gallons per minute (gpm).
Offers two stream choices: ½-inch solid stream or a fixed 90° fog pattern.
The 90° fog pattern entrains significant air, effectively pushing heat and smoke ahead but retains a low flow rate of 54 gpm.

Modern Hose and Nozzle Advantages

Modern 1¼-inch hoses and nozzles exceed 150 gpm, providing over triple the flow of older equipment.
A tighter, straight stream is utilized, which reduces the air entrainment compared to fog patterns.
Enhanced flow allows for quicker fire knockdown and better control of heat and gases.

Historical Firefighting Strategies

In the 1950s and 60s, attacking fires from the unburned side gained popularity with the advent of SCBA and 1½-inch hoses.
Previously, fire attacks primarily employed 2½-inch hoses with solid-tip nozzles for larger fires, as SCBA were not commonly available.
Firefighters avoided moving heavy, charged 2½-inch hoses through hazardous environments, opting instead for direct approaches when possible to combat flames.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the essential tactics for fire suppression in the incipient stage. It highlights the importance of adequate water supply, hose length, and the strategic retreat for personnel safety. Understanding these tactics is crucial for effective fire response and crew safety during operations.