18 Questions
What is the initial management of PTSD according to NICE guidelines?
Watchful waiting for the first month after a traumatic event, with or without sleep hygiene, peer support, and using friends and family as support.
What is the first line of treatment for PTSD?
Psychological therapies, specifically trauma-focused CBT and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR).
What are the characteristics of an obsession in OCD?
An unwanted, intrusive thought, urge, or image that repeatedly enters a person's mind, often linked to fear of harm or contamination.
How do compulsive behaviours manifest in OCD?
They can be overt (observable by others) or covert (hidden), and may include repetitive actions, thoughts, or mental acts aimed at reducing anxiety.
What is the impact of OCD on daily life?
OCD can cause significant distress, impair function, and consume a substantial amount of time, making everyday activities challenging.
What is the comorbidity pattern often seen in OCD?
OCD often co-occurs with anxiety disorders, depression, and other mental health conditions.
Under what circumstances should a person with OCD be referred to a specialist?
for individuals with severe impairment; if primary care management is ineffective
What is the recommended therapy for individuals with mild functional impairment due to OCD?
refer for CBT with exposure and response prevention (ERP); maybe ‘low-intensity’ therapy
What is the primary medication used to treat OCD?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
What is the primary characteristic of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
preoccupation with an imagined defect in one's appearance
What are some common signs of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
Time-consuming behaviours, e.g.mirror gazing; comparing body features with others; excessive camouflaging to conceal the defect.
When should healthcare providers consider Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
in individuals seeking dermatology/cosmetic surgery referral for minor problems, or those with severe distress and repeated attendances for minor blemishes
What is the purpose of NICE's 6 screening questions?
To identify potential OCD symptoms and explore further if any of the answers are yes.
What is required for the diagnosis of OCD according to DSM-5?
Obsessions and compulsions must be time-consuming (take more than one hour per day) or cause significant distress or impair function.
How do obsessions and compulsions affect daily activities?
They can take a long time to finish and cause significant distress.
What is important to assess in addition to OCD symptoms during the initial assessment?
Comorbid mental health problems, physical symptoms, and the effects on family members.
Why is it essential to assess suicide and self-harm risk in OCD patients?
Especially if the patient is depressed or experiencing high levels of distress.
What is the significance of safeguarding in OCD patients with intrusive or aggressive thoughts?
It may trigger safeguarding issues, and therefore requires careful consideration.
Learn about the management of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and when to refer patients to specialists. Discover the role of primary care and the importance of functional impairment in determining treatment approaches.
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