Occupational Safety and Health: Session 1

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary goal of occupational safety?

  • To help companies and their employees prevent industrial accidents through risk elimination and safety practices. (correct)
  • To increase overall production output by ensuring workers are always present and productive.
  • To provide compensation to workers after an industrial accident has occurred.
  • To ensure that companies meet all legal and regulatory requirements related to workplace safety.

Considering the historical timeline of occupational safety in Peru, what key development took place around 1911?

  • Labor exploitation regarding working hours and conditions started in textile and mining sectors.
  • The first techniques of industrial hygiene and security were applied.
  • The acceleration of industrial processes began, leading to increased safety measures.
  • The establishment of a law addressing industrial accidents, based on the 'doctrine of risk'. (correct)

Which of the following elements is considered a fundamental value promoted by the Catholic University of Trujillo (UCT)?

  • Conformity
  • Indifference
  • Solidarity (correct)
  • Aggressiveness

If a company aims to comprehensively address the health of its workforce, which of the following approaches would be the MOST effective?

<p>Integrate industrial hygiene practices alongside safety measures to mitigate environmental risks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the potential impact on an industry if an accident occurs?

<p>It can affect equipment, time, materials and workers causing injuries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, what is the role of the employer in ensuring workplace safety, and what is the likely consequence if they fail in this role?

<p>Employers must provide the necessary protections to workers; neglect increases the risk of workplace accidents. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a worker demonstrates accident-prone behavior, which of the following strategies should the company implement to mitigate risks effectively?

<p>Provide focused training to correct unsafe behaviors, reinforcing safety through education. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of occupational safety, how does industrial hygiene primarily contribute to safeguarding the health of workers?

<p>It aims to modify and control environmental conditions to prevent health hazards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implications arise from a lack of financial security for a worker, according to the causes of accidents?

<p>It causes conflict, contributing to increased accident risks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of types of occupational safety, what is meant by 'Seguridad Financiera' (Financial Security)?

<p>The mandatory life insurance that employers must provide for all employees. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of 'Seguridad Física' (Physical Security) in the workplace, as described in the context of occupational safety?

<p>To maintain safe working conditions, ensuring the workforce's health and well-being. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Peru, what specific responsibility does an employer have regarding 'Seguridad Social' (Social Security) for their employees?

<p>Employers must contribute 9% of each workers salary to EsSalud for family health insurance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes an accident?

<p>An expected event due to contact or exposure to objects, substances, or animals, altering the regular order of a process or activity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect must be considered to properly classify the types of occupational safety?

<p>The quality of life at work. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided statistics, what was the predominant type of non-fatal workplace accident in Peru during May 2023?

<p>Other forms of accidents were the most common. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Occupational Safety

The set of technical, educational, economic, and psychological measures aimed at helping companies and workers avoid industrial accidents by eliminating unsafe conditions and promoting preventive practices.

Industrial Safety

It focuses on averting accidents caused by unsafe acts, errors, or hazardous conditions within a facility.

Industrial Health and Hygiene

It involves creating environmental conditions that safeguard the health of workers and the community.

Financial Security

A framework for financial security that ensures workers receive economic support in the event of a workplace accident.

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Normas de convivencia

The set of rules and guidelines to promote harmonious relationships and mutual respect, ensuring a collaborative environment

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Social Security

Social security ensures benefits by the employer to create stability in the employee family economy.

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Seguro Vida-Ley

It is a one-time payment for the designated beneficiaries, as long as they die on the terms agreed upon between the worker's organization and the insurance organization.

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Seguridad Física

It focus in protect and mantain the work conditions with the goal to preservate all works safe and healthy.

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Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional

The goals: preventing accidents, promoting safety, and caring for the workers health and well-being.

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Study Notes

  • The presentation is for the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture.
  • The module is on Occupational Safety and Health.
  • The teacher is Candy Vanessa Veneros Castro.
  • The session is session 1, dated 22-08-24, academic year 2024-2.

Mission

  • Offers comprehensive human development with Christain values.
  • The university contributes to society through research, common good, and innovation.
  • Social responsibility is a core component.

Vision

  • The Catholic University of Trujillo Benedicto XVI is internationally accredited.
  • Recognized for developing leading professionals with strong morals and ethics.
  • Focuses on scientific and technological research.
  • Aimes to create, innovate, and apply new technologies for sustainable socioeconomic development.

Values

  • Responsibility
  • Service
  • Truth
  • Quality
  • Respect
  • Solidarity
  • Freedom

Learning outcomes

  • A modern project management tool is being used.
  • Focus is on the importance of project administration using an integrative approach.
  • Key concepts and foundations for project management are being explored.
  • Material is based on the PMBOK guide.
  • Students will manage projects using the processes and knowledge areas in PMBOK.
  • Topics include syllabus overview, vision, mission, UCT values, project management overview, and introductions.

Rules

  • Respect others
  • Be on time
  • Argue with fundemental reason
  • Ask to speak
  • Maintain pause on audio

Video Questions

  • What happened to Juan?
  • What factors or conditions caused the situation?

Occupational safety

  • Refers to technical, educational, economic, and psychological to help companies and employees to prevent industrial accidents.
  • Eliminates unsafe conditions, and instructs/convinces people to apply preventative practices.

Brief History of Occupational Safety in Peru

  • The Industrial Revolution of 1776 made working conditions poor.
  • The first safety measures appeared in England (1802).
  • Germany (1839) and Spain (1873) soon followed measures.
  • Between 1882 and 1912, worker exploitation was common in Peru in textile, mineral, port, and railway sectors.
  • In 1911, Law 1378 was enacted to address industrial accidents, establishing the concept of occupational risk.
  • In 1912, the fight for an 8-hour workday began.
  • On January 15, 1919, 8-hour workday was enacted.
  • Industrial growth accelerated in Peru in 1945.
  • The first safety and hygiene techniques were implemented at this time.

Industrial Safety

  • Focuses on accident prevention.
  • Focuses on unsafe conditions in the factory or work area.

Health and Hygiene

  • Prevets environmental conditions.
  • Prevents environmental conditions that could harm worker's health.
  • Uses occupational medicine to protect worker's health.

Objectives of Occupational Health and Safety

  • Inform workers about safe principles to prevent accidents.
  • Train them regarding safety, hygiene, and environmental control in industry and commerce.
  • Control risks to the occupations.
  • Design a good accident prevention program, agreed upon by management and workers.
  • Maintain infrastructure (premises, materials, equipment, etc.) in normal and optimal conditions.

Relationship between Safety and Health

  • Occupational health is the focus.
  • Interrelationships between industrial hygiene, industrial safety, occupational diseases, and workplace accidents.

Benefits of a Good SST (Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo)

  • It enhances investor confidence, brand value, and reputation.
  • Improves customer retention.
  • Shows social responsibility.
  • Increases worker motivation and engagement.
  • Improves cost management by lowering accident and insurance costs.
  • Increases productivity.

Factors that Influence Health

  • Low production and income may impact on working health

Accidents in Industry

  • An accident involves contact or a substance with personal injury, material damage, or both.

Impacts of accidents on industry:

  • Affects workers, machinery, equipment, materials, the time, and can cause injury.

Basic Causes of Accidents: Social Causes

  • Psychological and material variables are related to the worker's mental and material welfare.
  • Imbalances related to salary, personal conflicts, education, housing, and diet can increase risk of accidents.
  • Employers must prioritize safety.
  • Should provide adequate personal protections, proper planning, ensuring a safe environment, and good health.
  • A worker's actions directly relates to accidents.
  • Important to prevent them through a positive attitude and awareness, avoiding dangerous actions and positions.

Classifications of Occupational Safety

  • Financial Security, Social Security, and Physical Security.

Financial Security

  • Mandatory life insurance paid by the employer for all workers on the payroll.

Physical Security

  • Aims to protect human capital.
  • Fundamental objective is to preserve and maintain work conditions.
  • Ensure that the workforce can perform safely with good health.

Social Security

  • Employers pay 9% of each worker's salary to EsSalud (Social Health Insurance).
  • Ensures coverage for family insurance.
  • Provides medical care for work-related and non-work-related accidents, maternity care, and dental care.

Statistics on workplace accidents in Peru, April 2023:

  • Lima leads.
  • Occurrences include are work accidents, dangerous incidents, and occupational diseases.

Types of non-fatal work accidents in Peru, May 2023:

  • Includes other accidents, cuts, trips, exposure to extreme tempatures and substances.
  • Also includes radiation, excessive strain/false movement, contact with electrical current, falls, and being hit by falling objects.

Fatal work accidents in Peru, May 2023:

  • Most fatal accidents are exposures and contact with radioactive.

The message of mother nature

  • There is a recommendation to watch video available on YouTube.

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