Occupational Safety and Health Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of protective equipment is specifically required by the employer under the mentioned standards?

  • Specialty boots (correct)
  • Normal safety boots or shoes
  • Protective clothing
  • Standard gloves

    • What must an employer assure when employees provide their own Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

  • The adequacy of the PPE (correct)
  • The style of the PPE
  • The flexibility of the PPE
  • The comfort of the PPE

    • Which of the following is NOT included in the required training for PPE?

  • How to properly don and doff PPE
  • Proper care and maintenance of PPE
  • Limitations of the PPE
  • How to purchase new PPE (correct)

    • What is the main purpose of the Respiratory Protection Standard?

    <p>To control occupational diseases from breathing contaminated air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is specifically mentioned as a hazardous air contaminant in the Respiratory Protection Standard?

    <p>Harmful dusts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of contributory negligence for employees?

    <p>They are not permitted to recover compensation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Fellow-Servant Rule state about employer liability?

    <p>Employers are not at fault if the injury is caused by another employee. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of injury applies when an employee can work but cannot perform all duties?

    <p>Partial injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by a temporary injury for an employee?

    <p>The employee is capable of full recovery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are workers’ compensation premiums calculated?

    <p>Using Standard Industrial Classification codes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a safety professional in relation to workers’ compensation?

    <p>To ensure there is a viable safety program (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact do late-reported claims have on costs?

    <p>They generally cost 60% more than early claims. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of expected losses in the context of workers' compensation?

    <p>To manage workers' compensation costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a unity modification of 1.0 signify for an insured's rates?

    <p>No adjustments are made to the insured’s rates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is used to derive expected losses in workers' compensation?

    <p>Payroll in applicable classifications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the best ways to manage workers' compensation costs?

    <p>Implementing a Return-To-Work/Light Duty policy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the Return-To-Work/Light Duty Program is crucial for its implementation?

    <p>The specific restrictions from the medical provider (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding ballast in the calculation of EMR?

    <p>To dampen fluctuations in credits and debits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many employees typically require an employer to maintain workers' compensation insurance?

    <p>Five (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of expected loss ratio factors in workers' compensation calculations?

    <p>To determine the insurance premium rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of workers' compensation, what does the term 'self-insured' mean?

    <p>Employers insure against their own risks without intermediaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is NOT included in the employee health record?

    <p>Personal address of the employee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard?

    <p>To ensure hazards of chemicals are communicated to employees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document provides the health care professional's written opinion regarding an employee’s health status?

    <p>Employer's copy of the health care professional's written opinion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required from employers regarding hazardous chemicals?

    <p>Create a list using product identifiers matching SDS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should employers inform employees about hazards from nonroutine tasks?

    <p>Using methods outlined in their hazard communication program (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be included in an employee's health record?

    <p>Results of examinations and medical testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action must employers take when multiple employers are present in the same workplace?

    <p>Hazard communication programs must be shared with those employees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In reference to the Hazard Communication Standard, what is an SDS?

    <p>Safety Data Sheet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of employees requires the employer to ensure appropriate hazard communication?

    <p>All employees present in the workplace (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information must an employer provide concerning hazardous chemicals?

    <p>The hazards associated with those chemicals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT required to be included on the label of a container for hazardous materials?

    <p>Manufacturer's product value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must an employer do if an employee refuses the hepatitis B vaccine?

    <p>Obtain a written statement of refusal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should be included for signal words on hazardous chemical labels?

    <p>Indication of the severity of the hazard (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following details is NOT part of the exposure control plan for bloodborne pathogens?

    <p>The schedule for hazard communication training (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hazards must be communicated to employees according to the employer's program?

    <p>Physical and health hazards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required of an employer when implementing methods of compliance for hazardous chemicals?

    <p>Ensuring record keeping of training sessions is maintained (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the detection of hazardous chemicals?

    <p>Observations are methods used for detection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key component of the hazard communication program?

    <p>Names of all hazardous materials used (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When must labels for hazardous materials be updated?

    <p>Whenever a new physical or health hazard appears (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a crucial part of the evaluation and follow-up after a potential exposure incident?

    <p>Providing counseling services to affected employees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Contributory Negligence

    An employee's right to compensation for an injury may be denied or reduced if they contributed in any way to the accident, even slightly.

    Fellow-Servant Rule

    If an employee's injury was caused by another employee, the employer is not liable.

    Partial Disability

    An injury that limits an employee's ability to perform all job duties but allows continued employment.

    Total Disability

    An injury that prevents an employee from performing substantial job duties, hindering their ability to work.

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    Temporary Disability

    An injury with a recovery period, such as a broken limb or sprain, with a return to full functionality expected.

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    Permanent Disability

    An injury with long-term effects, such as a severed limb or permanent hearing loss, where full recovery is unlikely.

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    Experience Modification Rate (EMR)

    A measure of a company's safety performance, calculated based on industry classification and payroll, influencing workers' compensation premiums.

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    Hazard Communication Standard (HCS)

    The process of identifying and communicating information about the hazards of chemicals in the workplace.

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    Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

    A document that provides comprehensive information about a hazardous chemical, including its properties, risks, and handling instructions.

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    Hazard Communication Program

    A written plan outlining how an employer will communicate chemical hazards to employees.

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    Hazardous Chemical List

    A list of all hazardous chemicals used in the workplace, using the product identifiers referenced in the corresponding SDSs.

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    Methods for Informing Employees (non-routine)

    The methods used by an employer to inform employees about the hazards of non-routine tasks involving chemicals.

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    Communication to Other Employers

    The employer's responsibility to ensure that their hazard communication program reaches employees working for other employers in the same location.

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    Employee Information Required

    The name and Social Security Number of the employee.

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    Hepatitis B Vaccination Status

    Documentation of the employee's hepatitis B vaccination status.

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    Health Care Professional's Opinion

    A document written by a health care professional stating their opinion on the employee's health in relation to the workplace.

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    Information Provided to Health Care Professional

    A copy of any information provided to the health care professional during the medical examination.

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    Expected Loss Ratio Factor

    A factor used to determine the expected losses for workers' compensation insurance. It is calculated by multiplying the payroll for each job classification by the expected loss ratio factor published for that classification in each state.

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    Ballast

    An amount added to both the numerator and denominator of the Experience Modification Rate (EMR) to minimize large swings in rates due to significant credits or debits.

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    Unity Modification

    A modification factor of 1.0 applied to an insured's workers' compensation rates. This means there is no credit or debit applied, and the rates remain unchanged.

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    Return-to-Work/Light Duty Program

    A program implemented by employers to help employees recovering from work-related injuries return to their job safely and gradually.

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    Light Duty Restrictions

    A set of restrictions determined by a medical provider, outlining the activities an injured employee can safely perform while recovering.

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    Workers' Compensation Insurance

    A type of insurance that covers the costs associated with workplace injuries and illnesses, including medical expenses, lost wages, and rehabilitation.

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    Workers' Compensation Laws

    A state law requiring employers with a certain number of employees to provide workers' compensation insurance or self-insure.

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    Return-to-Work/Light Duty Policy/Program

    A policy or program designed to reduce the costs associated with workers' compensation claims by focusing on prevention and early intervention.

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    What does 29 CFR 1910.132 cover?

    This standard covers personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect various body parts, including eyes, face, head, hands, and feet, from hazards in the workplace.

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    When does an employer need to provide PPE?

    Employees are required to wear PPE to protect themselves from workplace hazards unless the employer can prove there are other safe ways to manage those risks.

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    What training is required for PPE?

    Employers are responsible for ensuring that employees receive adequate training on proper PPE selection, use, and maintenance, and that they understand its limitations.

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    What's the purpose of the Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134)?

    The standard aims to prevent workers from inhaling harmful substances such as dust, fumes, and gases, which can lead to occupational health problems.

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    What are employers responsible for under the respiratory protection standard?

    Employers are responsible for providing proper respiratory protection like masks, respirators, or supplied air systems, and ensuring they are properly maintained.

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    Product Identifier

    Information about the chemical's identity, including its name, chemical formula, and CAS number.

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    Signal Word

    A word indicating the severity of the hazard, such as "Danger" or "Warning".

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    Hazard Statement(s)

    Statements describing the specific hazards associated with the product, e.g., "Causes serious eye irritation".

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    Pictogram(s)

    Symbols that depict the specific type(s) of hazard(s), such as flammable, corrosive, or toxic.

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    Precautionary Statement(s)

    Instructions on how to handle, store, and dispose of the hazardous chemical safely, e.g., "Wear gloves and eye protection".

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    Written Exposure Control Plan

    A written document outlining the employer's plan to protect employees from potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

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    Exposure Determination

    The process of determining whether employees are at risk of being exposed to bloodborne pathogens.

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    Methods of Compliance

    Methods for preventing exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including using personal protective equipment (PPE), engineering controls, and work practice controls.

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    Hepatitis B Vaccination

    The employer's responsibility to offer the hepatitis B vaccine to all employees potentially exposed to bloodborne pathogens.

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    Statement of Refusal

    A written statement from an employee declining the hepatitis B vaccine.

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    Study Notes

    Domain 9: Low & Ethics

    • Employers and employees should reduce workplace hazards and improve existing safety and health standards.
    • Research in occupational safety and health should be promoted.
    • Establish separate but dependent responsibilities and rights for employers and employees to improve safety and health.
    • Maintain a reporting and record-keeping system to monitor job-related injuries and illnesses. Training programs should be created to increase the number of competent occupational safety and health personnel.
    • Develop mandatory job safety and health standards and effectively enforce them.
    • OSHA has no legal authority to shut down a work site.

    OSHA Inspections and Process

    • Employers must be informed by the compliance officer regarding the reason for the inspection.
    • Employers must require identification of the OSHA compliance officer.
    • Employers must accompany the compliance officer during the inspection.
    • Employers' trade secrets observed by an OSHA compliance officer during the inspection must be kept confidential.

    Inspections Priorities

    • Imminent danger situations
    • Catastrophes and fatal accidents
    • Employee complaints
    • Programmed high-hazard inspections
    • Follow-up inspections

    OSHA Citation Penalties

    • Other-than-serious violations can incur penalties ranging from $0 to $1,000.
    • Serious violations are subject to penalties ranging from $1,500 to $7,000.
    • $5,000 to $70,000 in penalties for willful violations.
    • Willful violations resulting in a fatality may result in fines up to $250,000 (or $500,000 for corporations) or imprisonment for up to 6 months, or both.
    • Penalties up to $70,000 may be levied per each violation for repeated violations.
    • Failure to correct a prior violation within the prescribed abatement period may result in fines of up to $7,000 per day.
    • Falsifying records, reports, or applications can result in penalties of $10,000, up to 6 months imprisonment, or both. Violating posting requirements can result in $7,000 penalties.
    • Assaulting a compliance officer or interfering with their duties may result in fines of up to $5,000 and up to 3 years imprisonment.

    Types of Standards

    • Horizontal Standards: Apply to all industries and employers; for example, fire prevention and respiratory protection.
    • Vertical Standards: Apply to specific industries and employers; for example, standards for the construction industry.
    • Performance Standards: Specify the desired outcome, not the methods to achieve it. (i.e., HAZCOM)
    • Specification Standards: Set specific requirements for materials, dimensions, etc. (i.e., guardrails).

    Types of Persons

    • Competent Person: Capable of identifying workplace hazards and taking corrective measures.
    • Authorized Person: Designated by the employer to perform specific duties or be at a specific location.
    • Designated Person: Assigned by the employer to specific duties or locations.
    • Qualified Person: Possesses specialized knowledge, training, or experience to solve problems for a given project.

    Record Keeping

    • Employers must record all recordable injuries and illnesses within 7 days of occurrence.
    • OSH Act 300 Form: Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses
    • OSH Act 300-A Form: Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses
    • OSH Act 301 Form: Injury and Illness Incident Report
    • Record keeping of injuries and illnesses—privacy cases
    • Record keeping of injuries and illnesses—results
    • Total Case Incident Rates
    • Days Away Rates, Restricted or Transfer Rates
    • Severity Rates

    Employer Defenses

    • Assumption of Risk: Employees acknowledge the risks of the job.
    • Contributory Negligence: Employees contributed to their injuries.
    • Fellow-Servant Rule: Employer isn't responsible if another employee caused the accident.

    Categories of Injuries

    • Partial Injuries: employee can still work, but specific duties are affected (e.g., broken finger).
    • Total Injuries: employee cannot work or perform substantial job duties (e.g., severe back injury).
    • Temporary Injuries: employee is expected to fully recover (e.g., broken limb, sprain).
    • Permanent Injuries: long-term effects of injury (e.g., severed limb, blindness, permanent hearing loss).

    Workers Compensation

    • Premiums are calculated using Standard Industrial Classification codes for a specific industry.
    • Loss-free period: 3-year average of premiums calculated in $ per every $100 of payroll.

    Return-to-Work/Light Duty Program

    • Return-to-work/light-duty programs may significantly decrease medical costs by up to 70%.
    • Return-to-work/light-duty programs effectively speed up recovery.
    • Return-to-work/light-duty and communication programs lead to an improved company image and morale.

    Insurance Contract Sections

    • Declarations section: Lists covered risks and properties.
    • Conditions section: Outlines necessary requirements for valid claims.
    • Exclusions section: Identifies excluded risks.

    Liability

    • Warranties: Addresses product performance, implied or expressed, by the manufacturer or seller.
    • Negligence: Involves conduct or inaction by a person or entity.
    • Strict Liability: Associated with characteristics of dangerous and defective products.
    • Defects in design, manufacturing, and instructions/warnings.

    Hazard Communication Standard

    • Ensure hazards of chemicals are identified and communicated to employees.
    • Containers must be clearly labeled with product identifier, signal words, hazard statements, pictograms, precautionary statements.
    • Training on hazards, prevention measures, and the employer-developed hazard communication program must be included.

    Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

    • Employers must provide Hepatitis B vaccinations and vaccination series to employees.
    • Written Exposure Control Plan.
    • Medical records must include employee names, social security numbers, vaccination status, medical testing and follow-up results
    • Training records must include dates, session content, trainers, and attendees, to be kept for 3 years.

    Personal Protective Equipment Standard

    • PPE for eyes, face, head, body, hands, and respiratory systems.

    Respiratory Protection Standard

    • Aims to control occupational diseases caused by contaminated air.
    • Identifies criteria for air-purifying respirators, supplied-air respirators, and self-contained breathing apparatus.

    Fall Protection Standard

    • Applies to construction work areas.
    • Definitions: Anchors, body harnesses, connectors, deceleration devices.

    Confined Space Entry Standard

    • Defines confined spaces and acceptable entry conditions.
    • Specifies requirements for entry permits, supervisors, and attendants.

    Employee Entry Program

    • Implement measures to prevent unauthorized entry.
    • Identify and evaluate hazards before entry.
    • Develop procedures for safe entry.

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