Occupational Safety and Health Act Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the OSHA 300 Form?

  • Log of work-related injuries and illnesses (correct)
  • Record of employee medical history
  • Report of training sessions conducted
  • Summary of hazardous waste disposal
  • What must an employer do within 8 hours concerning a work-related fatality?

  • Submit an OSHA 300 Form
  • Report it to the local authorities
  • Inform the family of the employee
  • Report it to OSHA (correct)
  • What is a characteristic of hazardous waste under the RCRA?

  • It may be ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic (correct)
  • It has a lower regulatory compliance requirement
  • It is always organic in nature
  • It is generally accepted in landfills
  • How long must an employer maintain medical records of employees?

    <p>30 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is categorized as universal waste?

    <p>Batteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the LDR stand for in waste management regulations?

    <p>Land Disposal Restrictions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does an employer have to challenge a citation or penalty?

    <p>15 working days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form serves as a summary of work-related injuries and illnesses?

    <p>OSHA 300-A Form (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of an authorized government representative asking for records, within how many business days must an employer provide copies?

    <p>4 business days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of waste does RCRA primarily govern?

    <p>Solid and hazardous waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Act?

    <p>To assure safe and healthful working conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agency is responsible for enforcing regulations set by the Occupational Safety and Health Act?

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is covered under the Occupational Safety and Health Act?

    <p>Private sector employers with one or more workers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Horizontal Standards?

    <p>General standards that apply to all industries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a requirement of the Hazard Communication Standards?

    <p>Create financial reports on chemical usage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a standard provide?

    <p>Specifications for consistent use across processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a Vertical Standard?

    <p>Construction industry regulations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key element of the Hazard Communication Standards?

    <p>Developing a written Hazard Communication program (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?

    <p>To set and enforce workplace safety regulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ISO stand for in the context of occupational health and safety management systems?

    <p>International Standards Organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of an underground storage tank system?

    <p>It has underground piping connected to the tank. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tanks are excluded from regulations under the relevant laws?

    <p>Farm and residential tanks of 1100 gallons or less. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CERCLA stand for?

    <p>Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key goal of the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA)?

    <p>To increase the size of the trust fund. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Toxic Substances Control Act aim to secure?

    <p>Information on new and existing chemical substances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What category do pesticides classified for general use fall into?

    <p>Can be applied by anyone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'strict liability' in legal terms?

    <p>Liability regardless of fault. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'res ipsa loquitur' imply?

    <p>The situation clearly indicates negligence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tort as defined in the legal context?

    <p>A civil wrongdoing resulting in loss or harm. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act focuses on community rights to know about chemical hazards?

    <p>Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    What is the purpose of OSHA?

    The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) was passed in 1970 to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for all employees.

    What is OSHA?

    The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a federal agency responsible for setting and enforcing workplace safety standards.

    When and why was OSHA created?

    OSHA was established in 1970 by Congress to protect workers from unsafe work environments.

    What are OSHA's main roles?

    OSHA's primary responsibilities include setting safety standards, providing training and education, conducting workplace inspections, and enforcing regulations.

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    What are OSHA standards?

    OSHA standards are regulations that outline specific requirements for workplace safety.

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    What is the difference between horizontal and vertical standards?

    Horizontal standards apply to all industries, while vertical standards are specific to particular industries.

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    What is the Hazard Communication Standard?

    The Hazard Communication Standard ensures workers know about and are protected from hazardous chemicals in the workplace.

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    What are the key requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard?

    The Hazard Communication Standard requires employers to label chemical containers, provide Safety Data Sheets (SDS), train employees, and maintain a written program.

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    What is an SDS?

    A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a document containing detailed information about hazardous chemicals, including their properties, hazards, and safety precautions.

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    What is the purpose of the Hazard Communication Standard?

    The Hazard Communication Standard aims to prevent chemical-related accidents and injuries in the workplace.

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    What is a OSHA citation?

    A written notice given by OSHA to an employer after an inspection, indicating violations of workplace safety and health standards.

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    What is RCRA?

    The primary law in the US governing the management of solid and hazardous waste.

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    What are hazardous wastes?

    Wastes that are classified as dangerous due to their properties. They can cause fire, corrosion, explosions, or harm to living organisms.

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    What is the 'cradle to grave' system for hazardous waste?

    A system where hazardous waste is tracked from its generation through its disposal, ensuring proper handling and management.

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    What is LDR (Land Disposal Restriction)?

    A regulation that limits the disposal of hazardous waste in landfills unless it has undergone proper treatment to reduce its risk.

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    What is the Universal Waste Rule?

    A regulation that simplifies the management of certain common hazardous wastes, reducing the burden on businesses.

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    What is 'Used Oil'?

    Oil that has been used and contaminated, requiring special handling and disposal.

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    What is OSHA Form 300?

    A document that records all work-related injuries and illnesses in a workplace.

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    What is OSHA Form 300-A?

    An annual summary of all work-related injuries and illnesses that occurred in a workplace.

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    What is OSHA Form 301?

    A record of an individual work-related injury or illness, providing details about the event.

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    Underground Storage Tank

    Any underground storage tank system that has underground piping connected to the tank and at least 10% of its combined volume is underground.

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    CERCLA (Superfund)

    The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, also known as Superfund, was enacted in 1980 to create a trust fund for cleaning up hazardous waste sites, especially when the responsible parties cannot be found.

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    SARA (Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act)

    An amendment to CERCLA, passed in 1986, that increased the Superfund's trust fund and emphasized permanent solutions for cleaning up hazardous waste sites.

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    EPCRA (Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act)

    This act, passed in 1986, requires businesses to report and prepare plans for hazardous substance releases. It also provides communities with information about hazardous materials in their area.

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    Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

    The Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 was enacted to collect information on all chemical substances, new and existing, in the US. It gives the EPA power to regulate and restrict hazardous substances.

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    Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

    This act, from 1972, aims to control the production and use of pesticides. It classifies pesticides either for general use (anyone can buy) or restricted use (only certified applicators can use).

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    Product Liability

    The legal responsibility of manufacturers and sellers for injuries caused by defective products. Example: A defective phone that causes burns.

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    Strict Liability

    This principle is used when someone's injury is clearly due to negligence, without requiring specific proof of fault. Example: Owning a dangerous animal, where the owner is responsible for any harm caused.

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    Res Ipsa Loquitur

    A Latin phrase meaning 'the thing speaks for itself'. It's used in legal cases where circumstances clearly point to negligence.

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    Caveat Emptor

    A legal principle meaning 'let the buyer beware'. It means the buyer is responsible for inspecting goods before purchasing.

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    Study Notes

    Regulations

    • Occupational Safety and Health Act passed in 1970
    • Purpose: Ensure safe and healthful working conditions for men and women
    • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) is an agency of the US Department of Labor
    • Created by Congress in 1970 to set and enforce rules and regulations protecting workers from unsafe or unhealthy working conditions.
    • Primary responsibility of OSHA:
      • Reduce workplace hazards and implement new or improved safety and health standards
      • Provide research on occupational health and safety
      • Maintain a reporting and record-keeping system
      • Establish separate responsibilities and rights for employers and employees
      • Develop mandatory job safety and health standards and effectively enforce them
    • Covered under OSHA:
      • All private sector employers with one or more employees
      • Does not apply to public sector employees (municipal, country, state or federal government agencies), self-employed individuals, family members operating a farm, or domestic household workers

    Standards

    • Standard: A document providing requirements, guidelines, specifications or characteristics for consistent quality of materials, products, processes and services
    • Examples:
      • ISO 45001 - Health and Safety management system
      • ISO 14001 - Environmental Management System
      • ISO 9001 - Quality Management System

    Hazard Communication Standards

    • Designed to ensure chemical safety in the workplace.
    • Four main requirements:
      • Proper chemical labeling on containers
      • Provide Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
      • Provide information and training to employees
      • Develop and maintain a written Hazard Communication program

    Globally Harmonized System (GHS)

    • Developed by UN
    • OSHA workplace compliance office

    Inspection Procedures

    • Starting of inspection - Opening Conference
    • Closing conference after completing the inspection
    • Written notice (citation) displayed for 3 days
    • Employers have 15 working days to challenge citation or penalty.

    Record Keeping

    • Medical information not disclosed without employee's written consent
    • Medical records of employees must be maintained for 30 years
    • Training records kept for 3 years

    Reporting

    • OSHA 300 Form: Log of work-related injuries and illnesses

    • OSHA 300-A Form: Summary of work-related injuries and illnesses

    • OSHA 301 Form: Injury and Illness Incident Report

    • Work-related recordable injuries, including: Lost Time Injury (LTI), No First Aid Injuries, medical treatment, injuries, fatality, lost time working days

    • Dangerous occurrences

    • All work-related recordable injuries must be reported to OSHA form 300 and 301 within 7 working days.

    • Work-related fatalities must be reported within 8 hours.

    • A work-related injury resulting in inpatient hospitalization, amputation, or loss of an eye must be reported within 24 hours.

    • Employers must provide copies of records to authorized government representatives within 4 business days.

    • Record-keeping is required for 30 years for medical records

    Regulations on Hazardous Materials and Wastes

    • RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act):
      • Primary law governing the disposal of solid and hazardous waste.
      • Solid waste includes hazardous and non-hazardous waste.
      • Categories solid waste: hazardous and non-hazardous
      • Waste is classified as "cradle to grave" to manage hazardous waste

    Hazardous Waste

    • A waste that is ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic is considered hazardous.

    Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR)

    • Prohibits the disposal of hazardous waste without treatment
    • Wastes subject to LDR include solvents, electroplating waste, heavy metals, and acids.

    Universal Waste Rule

    • Reduces regulatory burden on businesses that generate universal waste
    • Examples include batteries, agricultural pesticides, and thermostats containing mercury

    Used Oil Management Standard

    • Used oil is any oil that has been used (refined or synthetic)
    • Contaminated by chemical or physical properties.
    • Animal and Vegetable oils are excluded

    Underground Storage Tanks

    • Tank system with underground piping that is connected to the tank and has at least 10% of its combined volume underground.
    • Tank sizes include 100 liters and 10 liters

    Exclusions from Regulations

    • Farm and residential tanks holding less than 1100 gallons of fuel for non-commercial use
    • Tanks holding less than 110 gallons
    • Septic tanks and systems for collecting storm water and waste water

    Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) (Superfund)

    • Created taxes on chemical and petroleum industries
    • A trust fund for cleanup when no responsible parties are identified
    • Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) increased the size of the trust fund
    • Stressed permanent remedies and innovative treatment techniques in cleaning up hazardous waste

    Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)

    • Chemical substances, especially new and existing ones, are required to be reported.

    Toxic Substance Control Act (1976)

    • Secures information on all new and existing chemical substances

    Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) (1972)

    • EPA classifies pesticides (general or restricted use).
    • General use: any person can use
    • Restricted use: only certified applicators can use

    Hazardous Waste Operations

    • Adequate planning is crucial in hazardous waste operations.
    • Site characterization: Identifies site hazards and worker protection methods
    • Product Liability: Manufacturer and seller's liability when customers are harmed by a defective product.
    • Strict Liability: Liability despite no proof of fault (e.g., owning a dangerous animal).
    • Res ipsa loquitur: "the thing speaks for itself" - obvious negligence.
    • Caveat Emptor: "Let the buyer beware"

    TORT

    • Tort: a wrong done or harm against another
    • Categories of tort
      • Intentional tort (e.g., assault, defamation)
      • Negligence tort (e.g., slip-and-fall accidents)
      • Strict liability tort (e.g., animal attack, dangerous activities

    Force Majeure and Breach

    • Force majeure: Superior power, act of god, war
    • Anticipatory breach: party demonstrates intent not to perform.
    • Frustration of purpose: unexpected event makes contract impossible to perform.
    • Executory contract: obligations over time. -Non-disclosure agreement: Protecting confidential information.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the Occupational Safety and Health Act passed in 1970, detailing its purpose, the role of OSHA, and the protections it provides for workers. Test your knowledge on the key responsibilities of OSHA and the scope of the act in promoting safe working environments.

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