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Observation Methods in Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What is the Hawthorne effect?

The phenomenon where people act differently once they start to be observed, behaving in a way they think the observer wants them to see (correct)

The correlation between two variables such as shoe size and height

The limited sample size and low generalizability of case studies

The loss of spontaneity in a contained environment during laboratory observations

Which of the following best describes a positive correlation?

A correlation that just happened without any meaningful connection

An increase in one variable and decrease in another

As one variable goes up, the other does too, shown as a line going straight up on a graph (correct)

The phenomenon where people act differently once they start to be observed, behaving in a way they think the observer wants them to see

Which of the following is an example of a negative correlation?

Happiness and helpfulness

Reading correlation graphs

An increase in one variable and decrease in another (correct)

People acting differently once they start to be observed

What does the coefficient (r) in correlation studies indicate?

The direction and strength of the correlation Signup and view all the answers

Why are correlation studies used?

To get an idea that there may be a relationship between variables Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between naturalistic and laboratory observations?

Naturalistic observations involve observing people in their everyday life, while laboratory observations are more controlled and involve observing people in a lab setting. Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to use a case study?

When there is a hard-to-obtain sample, such as only one person's story, and you are describing what you see without testing it. Signup and view all the answers

How can observer bias be minimized in descriptive methods like naturalistic and laboratory observations?

By training multiple observers and having them take independent notes, then comparing their findings. Signup and view all the answers

What were the limitations of Genie's case study?

Observer bias and lack of control over the observation setting. Signup and view all the answers

In which type of observation method might the observer organize people to come to a specific setting and watch them from behind a two-sided mirror?

Laboratory observation Signup and view all the answers