Questions and Answers
What is a pure obligation?
An obligation without a term or condition that is demandable at once.
What is a conditional obligation?
An obligation whose demandability or extinguishment depends upon the happening of a condition.
What type of condition gives rise to an obligation upon its occurrence?
What type of condition extinguishes an obligation upon its occurrence?
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What is a potestative condition?
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A casual condition depends on the will of a contracting party.
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Define impossible condition.
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What type of obligation binds only one party?
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What is a mutual breach?
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Study Notes
Classification of Obligation
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Pure Obligation: Demandable immediately without conditions.
- Example: "I promise to give you 1,000 pesos."
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Conditional Obligation: Demandability depends on the occurrence of a condition.
- Example: "I will give you my laptop if you pass the exam."
Condition
- Definition: A future and uncertain event that affects the obligation.
Classification of Condition
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Suspensive Condition:
- Obligation arises upon the fulfillment of the condition; demandability is suspended until the condition occurs.
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Resolutory Condition:
- Obligation is demandable immediately but ceases to exist upon the condition's fulfillment.
- Example: "I will let you use my car until you pass the examination."
Types of Conditions
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Potestative Condition:
- Depends on the will of one party.
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Suspensive Potestative: Obligation is void if conditioned upon the debtor's will (Art. 1182).
- Example: "Jimmarc will give Jay 10,000 pesos if Jimmarc goes to Baguio."
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Resolutory Potestative: Obligation is valid.
- Example: "Jimmarc will allow the use of his car by Jay until he returns from Baguio."
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Casual Condition: Depends on chance or a third person's will.
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Mixed Condition: Depends partly on one party's will and partly on chance or a third person's will.
Possible and Impossible Conditions
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Possible Condition: Capable of fulfillment by nature and law.
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Impossible Condition: Cannot be fulfilled, rendering the obligation void (Art. 1183).
Positive and Negative Conditions
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Positive Condition: Event is expected to happen at a specific time.
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Negative Condition: Event is expected not to happen at a specific time.
Divisible and Indivisible Conditions
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Divisible Condition: Capable of partial performance; unaffected parts remain valid even if others are conditional.
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Indivisible Condition: Not capable of partial performance by nature or agreement.
Mutual Breach
- Occurs when both parties agree to breach the contract, usually due to mutual understanding that the agreement is no longer beneficial. New terms may be negotiated, or the contract may be dissolved.
Unilateral and Reciprocal Obligations
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Unilateral Obligation: Binding on one party only; the other party does not have obligations or responsibilities.
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Reciprocal Obligation: Obligations arise simultaneously from the same cause, typically seen in sales agreements between seller and buyer.
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Description
Explore the classifications of obligations and conditions through this engaging quiz. Understand the differences between pure and conditional obligations as well as the types of conditions that can affect these obligations. Test your knowledge with examples and definitions.
