Questions and Answers
What is Inheritance?
Declares a new class by extending an existing class.
What is a Derived Class?
A class that inherits from or extends a base class.
What is a Base Class?
A class inherited by a subclass.
What is a Parent Class?
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What is Superclass?
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What is a Child Class?
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What is Subclass?
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A derived class is a subset of a base class.
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Can a class be derived from multiple base classes in C++?
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Identify the issues in the given class definitions.
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What relationship is appropriate for Company and Employee?
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What relationship is appropriate for Course and Faculty?
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What relationship is appropriate for Student and Person?
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What relationship is appropriate for House and Window?
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What relationship is appropriate for Account and Savings Account?
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Define a derived class SavingsAccount from BankAccount.
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Define a derived class WindowWithBorder from Window.
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Define a derived class CameraPhone from Phone.
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Study Notes
Inheritance Concepts
- Inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming, allowing a new class to extend the functionality of an existing class.
- A derived class is one that inherits from a base class, enabling code reuse and the establishment of a hierarchy.
- The base class, or parent class, is the class that is inherited from, serving as a foundation for derived classes.
Class Relationships
- A superclass is synonymous with a base class; both are terms for the class from which other classes are derived.
- A child class is another term for a derived class, emphasizing its relationship to the base class.
- Subclass also refers to a derived class, which inherits attributes and behaviors from its parent class.
Important Notes on Derived Classes
- A derived class extends a base class, rather than being a subset; it usually incorporates more detailed functionality and properties.
- C++ supports multiple inheritance, allowing a class to be derived from more than one base class.
Error Identification in Class Definitions
- When using member variables, it’s crucial to qualify with
this->to avoid ambiguity:this->radius = radius. - Inheritance must specify the access level, such as
public, when extending a class. - To invoke a base class constructor, use an initialization list:
Circle(radius);. - Properly qualify methods from the base class in the derived class such as
Circle::getArea().
Relationship Types in UML
- Compose relationships indicate that one class contains or is composed of another class (e.g., Company and Employee).
- Inheritance relationships illustrate a hierarchy where one class derives from another (e.g., Account and Savings Account).
Derived Class Examples
-
SavingsAccount Class: Inherits from BankAccount, contains
interestRate(double) andinterestType(int) where type indicates simple (1) or compound (2) interest. -
WindowWithBorder Class: Inherits from Window, adds
borderWidth, and implementsgetUseableWidth()to calculate the width minus border size.
Additional Class Definitions
-
CameraPhone Class: To be designed with attributes
imageSize(int) andmemorySize(int), demonstrating data encapsulation and a constructor to initialize values.
Summary of Constructors and Functions
- Constructors are special methods used to initialize new objects of derived classes.
- Getter functions like
getInterestRate()andgetInterestType()provide controlled access to the private member variables, maintaining encapsulation principles.
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Description
This quiz explores the key concepts of inheritance in object-oriented programming. Understand the relationships between base classes, derived classes, superclasses, and child classes. Test your knowledge on how inheritance facilitates code reuse and class hierarchy development.
