OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study Notes
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a risk associated with the use of a diaphragm?

  • Need for annual reevaluation
  • Toxic shock syndrome
  • Increased risk of sexually transmitted infections
  • Weight gain (correct)

    • Which contraceptive method is described as "the only contraceptive method that protects against STIs"?

  • Diaphragm
  • Cervical cap
  • Combined oral contraceptives
  • Male and female condoms (correct)

    • Which contraceptive method requires a user to monitor their cervical mucus for changes?

  • Basal body temperature method
  • Standard days method
  • Cervical mucus method (correct)
  • Combined oral contraceptives

    • What is the primary way that combined oral contraceptives work to prevent pregnancy?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of contraception involves monitoring body temperature fluctuations to identify fertile days?

    <p>Basal body temperature method (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for oral progestins in preventing pregnancy?

    <p>They thicken cervical mucus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended course of action if a woman misses one oral contraceptive pill?

    <p>Take the missed pill as soon as possible and continue with the regular schedule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contraceptive methods is designed to be used for a maximum of 48 hours?

    <p>Cervical cap (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended course of action for a pregnant woman with active herpes sores?

    <p>A Cesarean section is recommended to prevent transmission to the newborn. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for developing Hepatitis B?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for Pap smears in women aged 30-65?

    <p>Every 5 years with HPV testing, or every 3 years without HPV testing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dyspareunia?

    <p>Painful intercourse. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some changes in the breast that should be reported to a healthcare provider?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best pelvis shape for vaginal delivery?

    <p>Gynecoid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ultrasound examination in pregnancy help visualize?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is effacement?

    <p>Thinning of the cervix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about herpes simplex virus (HSV) is true?

    <p>HSV1 is responsible for most cases of genital herpes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of station?

    <p>The relation of the presenting part of the fetus to an imaginary line drawn between the maternal ischial spines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended age for women to start getting mammograms?

    <p>40 years old. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is DES?

    <p>dilation, effacement, station (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'cephalic presentation' refer to?

    <p>The fetus is positioned with the head first. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you miss 2 pills on week 1 or 2 of an oral contraceptive pack, what should you do?

    <p>Use a backup method for 7 days. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these are potential signs of true labor?

    <p>Regular contractions that don't stop with walking or position changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you miss 2 pills on week 3 of an oral contraceptive pack, what should you do if you are on a Sunday starter pack?

    <p>Take 1 pill every day until Sunday, start a new pack on Sunday, and use a backup method for 7 days. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you miss 3 or more pills on your oral contraceptive pack, what should you do if you are on a day 1 starter pack?

    <p>Throw away the rest of the pack and start a new pack on the same day. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'patch' method of contraception?

    <p>A transdermal contraceptive system applied to the lower abdomen, upper outer arm, buttocks, or upper torso except breasts; must be 198 lbs or less; apply on the same day once a week for 3 weeks and have one week with no patch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential indicator of preterm labor?

    <p>Periorbital or facial edema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is DepoProvera?

    <p>An injectable progestin, given for the first 5 days of the menstrual cycle and then once again every 11-13 weeks; the only method that can inhibit pregnancy for 12-18 months after stopping; great for teenagers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vaginal contraceptive ring?

    <p>Insert for 3 weeks, releases hormones to stop ovulation, take out for 1 week. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Nexplanon?

    <p>Implantable progestin device put under the skin of the arm, effective for at least 3 years, great for teenagers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an IUD?

    <p>Constant contraception from an intrauterine device, hormonal and nonhormonal options; impairs sperm motility, irritates the lining of the uterus, thins the endometrium, thickens the cervical mucus with hormones. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal fetal presentation for vaginal delivery?

    <p>Head first with chin tucked (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does breech presentation refer to?

    <p>Buttocks or feet first position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two primary fetal lies?

    <p>Longitudinal and transverse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is fetal position abbreviated?

    <p>Using three letters indicating location and presenting part (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maternal position is considered optimal for labor?

    <p>Upright or lateral positioning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the beginning of the first stage of labor?

    <p>Onset of contractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the second stage of labor?

    <p>Crowning of the head (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the third stage of labor?

    <p>Expulsion of the placenta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what gestational age is chorionic villus sampling typically performed?

    <p>10-13 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of chorionic villus sampling?

    <p>Neural tube defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nuchal translucency screening is typically performed between what gestational ages?

    <p>11-14 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an alpha-fetoprotein analysis?

    <p>To screen for trisomy 13, 18, and 21 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a quad screening test?

    <p>Nuchal translucency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Doppler flow studies are primarily used to:

    <p>Measure blood flow within the fetus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following prenatal screening procedures can be used to diagnose a neural tube defect in a fetus?

    <p>Amniocentesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE about prenatal screening tests?

    <p>Screening tests are used to identify pregnancies at increased risk for certain conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study Notes

    • Standard Days Method: Count from first day of period for 14 days. Days 14-24 are fertile. No sex during fertile days.

    • Basal Body Temperature Method: Measure temperature every morning before getting out of bed. Ovulation is indicated by a dip, then a spike in temperature.

    • Cervical Mucous Ovulation-Detection Method: Monitor cervical mucus condition. Abstain during "egg white" days.

    • Male and Female Condoms: Only contraceptive method protecting against STIs. Never use both at the same time. Inconsistent use is a problem.

    • Cervical Sponge: Barrier method of contraception, rarely used. Single use, more expensive than other methods.

    • Cervical Cap: Barrier method of contraception, fitted, requires spermicide. Use for at least 6 hours after intercourse, but no longer than 48 hours. Risk of toxic shock syndrome. Use other birth control during period.

    • Diaphragm: Barrier method of contraception, fitted annually. Re-evaluated after weight changes, birth, or surgery. Can be placed up to 6 hours before intercourse. Use 2 tsp of spermicide in diaphragm. Leave in for 6 hours after intercourse.

    Combined Oral Contraceptives

    • Suppress ovulation by adding estrogen and progesterone.
    • Increases cervical mucus thickness.
    • Inhibits ovulation.
    • Thins lining of uterus.

    Oral Progestins

    • Do not contain estrogen, ovulation remains.
    • Thickens cervical mucus.
    • Thins uterine lining.
    • Taken at the same time daily.
    • Safe for breastfeeding.

    Missed Oral Contraceptive Pills

    • One missed pill: Take it as soon as possible and continue at regular time. No backup needed.

    • Two missed pills (week 1 or 2): Take two pills a day for two days. Finish the pack normally. Use a backup method for 7 days.

    • Two missed pills (week 3): Sunday starter pack: Take one pill every day until Sunday. Start a new pack on Sunday. Use a backup method for 7 days. Day 1 starter pack: Throw away the rest of the pack. Start new pack on the same day. Use a backup method for 7 days.

    • Three or more missed pills: Use a Sunday starter pack or a day 1 starter pack. Use a backup method for 7 days.

    Other Contraceptive Methods

    • The Patch: Transdermal contraceptive system applied to lower abdomen, upper outer arm, buttocks, or upper torso, except breasts. For those 198lbs or less. Applied weekly.

    • Depo-Provera: Injectable progestin. Given first 5 days of menstrual cycle, then every 11-13 weeks. It can inhibit pregnancy for 12-18 months after stopping. Good for teenagers.

    • Vaginal Ring: Inserts for 3 weeks, releasing hormones to stop ovulation. Take out for 1 week.

    • Implantable Progestin Device (Nexplanon): Placed under the skin of the arm. Effective for 3 years. Great for teenagers.

    • Intrauterine Device (IUD): Constant contraception from intrauterine device, hormonal or non-hormonal. Impairs sperm motility, irritates uterine lining, thickens cervical mucus.

    • Signs of IUD complications: Period irregularities, pregnancy, abnormal spotting or bleeding. Abdominal pain, pain during sex. Infection exposure, abnormal vaginal discharge. Feeling unwell, fever, or chills. String missing; shorter or longer (PAINS)

    • Plan B: Emergency contraception. Use within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

    • Vasectomy: Ligation and severance of the vas deferens. Safe and simple procedure. Does not provide immediate contraception and does not protect against STIs

    Diseases and Conditions

    • Chlamydia: Most common STI. Often asymptomatic. Can cause PID, newborn blindness.

    • Gonorrhea: Second most common bacterial STI. Often co-infected with chlamydia. Curable. May be asymptomatic or have strawberry cervix, cervicitis, or greenish yellow discharge.

    • Trichomonas Vaginalis: Parasitic STI. Symptoms: itching in genital area, smelly thin vaginal discharge, burning with urination, pain with sex. Curable.

    • Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Most common viral STI. A cause of cervical cancer. Low risk types cause genital warts. High risk causes cancer. No cure. Preventable.

    • Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Cold sores (HSV1) or Genital Herpes (HSV2). No cure, suppressive therapy available.

    • Hepatitis B: STI transmitted through blood, saliva, semen, vaginal secretions. Result in liver damage. Preventable through immunizations.

    • Dysmenorrhea: Extremely painful menstruation.

    • Menorrhagia: Heavy menstrual bleeding.

    • Dyspareunia: Painful intercourse.

    Other Procedures and Tests

    • Salpingectomy: Tying or removal of fallopian tubes. Risk of ectopic pregnancy is reduced.

    • Chorionic Villus Sampling: Performed at 10-13 weeks. Diagnoses chromosomal problems. Collects a sample of chorionic villi from the placenta.

    • Nuchal Translucency Screening: Measures the fetal neck fold. Screens for chromosomal abnormalities. Performed at 11-14 weeks.

    • Alpha-fetoprotein Analysis (AFP): Measurement of AFP in maternal blood (16-18 weeks). Screens for neural tube defects and trisomy.

    • Marker Screening Tests: Used to identify fetal risk for trisomy 13, 18, and 21, and neural tube defects. Performed at 16-18 weeks. Triple or quad screening.

    • Doppler Flow Studies: Measures blood flow in the fetus. Used in mothers with chronic hypertension or preeclampsia. Noninvasive.

    • Amniocentesis: Collection of amniotic fluid. Screens for chromosomal abnormalities. Performed at 15-20 weeks and 35 weeks.

    • Non-Stress Test: Indirect measure of uteroplacental function and fetal well-being. Assess fetal heart rate for 20 minutes.

    • Biophysical Profile: Ultrasound and non-stress test to assess fetal well-being. Reduces stillbirth, hypoxia detection.

    • Pregnancy Tests: Urinalysis, CBC, Blood typing and Rh factor, Rubella titer, Hep B surface antigen, HIV test, RPR/VDRL (syphilis).

    • Continue Routine Labs Each Visit: Blood pressure, urinalysis, fundal height, fetal movement, fetal heart rate

    Other Important Info

    • False labor: Contractions irregular or regular but stop with walking/position changes, short & mild, upper back and upper abdomen. Cervix softens but no dilation. Fetus not engaged.
    • 5 Ps Affecting Labor and Birth: Passageway, passenger, powers, position, psychological response
    • Ideal Pelvis Shape for Vaginal Delivery: Gynecoid
    • Dilation of Cervix: Progressive opening of cervix. Measured 0-10 cm.
    • Effacement: Thinning of the cervix (0-100%)
    • Engagement: Presenting part passing through the pelvic brim.
    • Station: Relationship of presenting part to ischial spines.
    • Cephalic Presentation: Head first
    • Vertex Presentation: Head first, chin tucked
    • Breech Presentation: Buttocks or feet first.
    • Two Primary Fetal Lies: Cephalic and breech.
    • Fetal Position: Relation of landmark on presenting part to mother's pelvis. Abbreviated by letters.

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    OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key contraception methods and their application in nursing practice. It includes details on natural family planning methods, barrier contraceptives, and their effectiveness. Ideal for nursing students preparing for OB/GYN exams.

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