OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing PDF

OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 1. what is the count from first day of period through period for 14 days, day 14-24 are fertile standard days days, no sex during fertile days method of con- traceptio...

OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 1. what is the count from first day of period through period for 14 days, day 14-24 are fertile standard days days, no sex during fertile days method of con- traception? 2. what is the basal requires temperature measurement same time every morning before getting out body tempera- of bed, ovulation is represented by sharp dip and then spike in temperature ture method of contraception? 3. what is the user monitors condition of cervical mucous and abstains during "egg white" days cervical mucous ovulation-detec- tion method? 4. what are male - only contraceptive method that protects against STIs and female con- - inconsistent use is an issue doms? - never use both at the same time - barrier 5. what is a cervical barrier method of contraception, rarely used, single use and more expensive sponge? 6. what is a cervical barrier method of contraception, must be fitted, use of spermicide increases cap? efficacy; must leave in for at least 6 hours after intercourse but no longer than 48 hours; risk of toxic shock syndrome; use other birth control during period 7. what is a di- barrier method of contraception, must be fitted and reevaluated annually, reeval- aphragm? uate after weight loss/gain, birth, or surgery; can be placed up to 6 hours prior to intercourse, empty bladder before placement, put 2 tsp of spermicide in diaphragm; leave in for 6 hours after intercourse 8. 1 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 how do com- suppress ovulation by adding estrogen and progesterone to a woman's body; bined oral con- increases cervical mucous thickness, inhibits ovulation, and thins lining of uterus; traceptives work? risk of DVT 9. how do oral prog- do not contain estrogen so ovulation remains; thickens cervical mucous, thins estins work? uterine lining, must be taken at the same time every day, safe for breastfeeding 10. if you miss one take it as soon as possible, take the next pill at regular time, no backup method oral contracep- needed tive pill, what must you do? 11. if you miss 2 pills take 2 pills a day for 2 days and finish the package normally; use a backup method on week 1 or 2 for 7 days of your oral con- traceptive pack, what must you do? 12. if you miss 2 - Sunday starter pack - take 1 pill every day until Sunday, start a new pack on pills on week 3 Sunday, use a backup method for 7 days of your oral con- - day 1 starter pack - throw away the rest of the pack, start a new pack on the same traceptive pack, day, use a backup method for 7 days what must you do? 13. if you miss 3 if a sunday starter - take 1 pill every day until Sunday, start a new pack on sunday, or more pills of use backup method for 7 days your oral con- - if a day 1 starter - throw away the rest of the pack, start a new pack the same traceptive pack, day, use a backup method for 7 days what should you do? 2 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 14. what is "the a transdermal contraceptive system applied to the lower abdomen, upper outer patch"? arm, buttocks, or upper torso except breasts; must be 198 lbs or less; apply on the same day once a week for 3 weeks and have one week with no patch 15. what is De- injectable progestin, given for the first 5 days of the menstrual cycle and then once poProvera? again every 11-13 weeks; the only method that can inhibit pregnancy for 12-18 months after stopping; great for teenagers 16. what is the vagi- insert for 3 weeks, releases hormones to stop ovulation, take out for 1 week nal contraceptive ring? 17. what is Nex- implantable progestin device put under the skin of the arm, effective for at least planon? 3 years, great for teenagers 18. what is an IUD? constant contraception from an intrauterine device, hormonal and nonhormonal options; impairs sperm motility, irritates the lining of the uterus, thins the en- dometrium, thickens the cervical mucus with hormones 19. what are signs Period late, pregnancy, abnormal spotting or bleeding of complications Abdominal pain, pain with intercourse from an IUD? Infection exposure, abnormal vaginal discharge Not feeling well, fever, or chills String missing; shorter or longer (PAINS) 20. what is Plan B? emergency contraception used within 72 hours of unprotected sex; no effect on an already implanted ovum; SE of nausea, vomiting, cramping 21. what is a vasecto- ligation and severance of the vas deferens; safe and simple procedure that does my? not impair male sexual function; reversal is possible; does not provide immediate contraception and does not protect against STIs 22. 3 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 what is a salp- tying or removal of the female fallopian tubes; can be reversed; sexual function ingectomy? not affected; risk of ectopic pregnancy 23. what is chlamy- most frequently reported disease in the US; curable STI, often asymptomatic but dia? may have cervicitis and yellow, foul discharge; untreated can cause PID; can cause newborn blindness 24. what is Neisse- second most commonly reported bacterial STI; often coinfected with chlamydia; ria gonorrhoeae curable, may be asymptomatic or may have strawberry cervix, cervicitis, greenish (gonorrhea)? yellow discharge, treat with ABX 25. what is tri- parasitic STI, symptoms typically begin 5-28 days after exposure - itching in genital chomonas vagi- area, bad smelling thin vaginal discharge, burning with urination, pain with sex; nalis? curable; obtained on wet mount; 70% don't get symptoms 26. what is HPV? most common viral infection in the US; the cause of essentially all cervical cancer, low risk types 6 and 11 cause genital warts, high risk types cause cancer; no cure; can be prevented with Gardasil 9, condom use, and abstinence; warts can be treated but often come back 27. what is HSV? herpes simplex virus; HSV1 is cold sores around mouth; HSV2 causes most cases of genital herpes; no cure but suppressive therapy; painful sores on vagina, vulva, and penis; cervicitis common; initial episode may last 2-3 weeks with inguinal lymphadenopathy but recurrent episodes may last 5-7 days; can be spread to newborn during birth, C-section recommended if sores present 28. what is Hepatitis STI transmitted through blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions; can result in B? liver damage; preventable through immunization; no cure; risk factors of having lots of partners, unprotected anal intercourse, history of other STIs; Hep B im- munoglobulin given to babies of mothers that are Hep B + 29. what is dysmen- extremely painful menstruation orrhea? 4 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 30. what is menor- heavy menstrual bleeding rhagia? 31. what is dyspareu- painful intercourse nia? 32. when should 40 y/o unless you are high risk you start getting mammograms? 33. what changes changes in shape, size, contour, or symmetry; skin discoloration or dimpling, in your breast bumps/lumps; sores or scaly skin; discharge or puckering of the nipple should be re- ported to your provider? 34. how often should every 3 years women 21-29 get a pap smear to screen for cervi- cal cancer? 35. how often should every 5 years if you also get HPV testing or every 3 years without HPV testing women 30-65 get a pap smear to screen for cervi- cal cancer? 36. when should you schedule it 2 weeks after the first day of your last menstrual period schedule your pap smear? 37. 5 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 what is an ultra- test that uses sound waves to visualize the fetus; fetal heartbeat and malformations sound (in preg- can be assessed with accurate measurements; accurate dating determined up nancy)? to 12 weeks; assessment of anatomical development at 18-20 weeks; evaluate fetal size, growth, and placental position at 34 weeks; noninvasive, safe, and cost effective 38. what is chorionic performed at 10-13 weeks to diagnose chromosomal disorders of the fetus, villus sampling? collects a sample of chorionic villi from the placenta; cannot detect neural tube defects; should give RhoGAM if mom is Rh negative - may cause spontaneous abortion, hematoma, rupture of membranes, limb ab- normalities, infection, fetal-maternal hemorrhage, vaginal bleeding and cramp- ing 39. what is measures the fold of the fetal neck to screen (but not diagnose) chromosomal ab- nuchal translu- normalities and structural abnormalities; performed at 11-14 weeks; if increased cency screening? may indicate Trisomy 21, 18, or 13 40. what is an al- measurement of AFP by drawing maternal blood at 16-18 weeks; elevated AFP pha fetoprotein may mean a neural tube defect; low AFP may mean trisomy 21 or 18; screening analysis (AFP)? tool isn't great because has false positives often 41. what is a marker used to identify fetal risk for trisomy 13, 18, and 21 and neural tube defects; per- screening test? formed at 16-18 weeks; triple or quad screening, quad screening more accurate for down syndrome in women younger than 35; low inhibin A, low unconjugated estriol, high hCG. may mean Down syndrome 42. what are doppler measures the velocity of blood flow within the fetus; done later in second trimester flow studies? in moms that have chronic HTN or preeclampsia; noninvasive and has no con- traindications 43. T/F: An elevat- false; it is only a screening, cannot be used to diagnose ed alpha-fetopro- tein analysis is a 6 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 diagnostic of an open neural tube defect in a fetus. 44. what is an amnio- collection of amniotic fluid to examine fetal cells to confirm chromosomal abnor- centesis? malities and neural tube defects; can detect metabolic defects too; performed at 15-20 weeks to test genetic abnormality and 35 weeks to determine fetal lung maturity; riskiest procedure 45. what are the risks lower abdominal pain and cramping; spontaneous abortion, maternal or fetal of amniocente- infection, fetal-maternal hemorrhage, leakage of amniotic fluid sis? 46. what is a non- indirect measure of uteroplacental function and fetal wellbeing by assessing stress test? fetal heartrate for 20 minutes; performed after 28 weeks; place on left side to avoid supine hypotension and increases blood flow to placenta; recommended for diabetes, IUGR, preeclampsia, post-date pregnancy, renal disease, multiple gestation; reactive = 2 accelerations of at least 15 x 15 in 20 mins (32 weeks or greater) 47. what is a bio- use of an ultrasound and a nonstress test to assess fetal wellbeing and reduce physical profile? stillbirth by early detection of hypoxia; scoring by using the BATMAN method; 8/10 is normal, 6 or below needs further investigation B - breathing, A- amniotic fluid volume, T-tone, M-movements, A- and, N-non- stress test 48. amniocentesis fetal lung maturity obtains a sample of the amniotic fluid for analysis. what can this diagnostic procedure be 7 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 used for in the third trimester? 49. what is a pre- common symptoms of pregnancy that are attributable to other things sumptive sign of pregnancy? 50. what is a proba- there is a strong probability this means you're pregnant but it could be some other ble sign of preg- rare event nancy? 51. what is a positive this absolutely cannot be attributed to anything else, you must be pregnant sign of pregnan- cy? 52. what are ex- fatigue, breast tenderness, nausea and vomiting, amenorrhea, urinary frequency, amples of pre- hyperpigmentation of the skin, fetal movements (quickening), uterine enlarge- sumptive signs of ment, breast enlargement pregnancy? 53. what are exam- Braxton Hicks contractions, positive pregnancy test, abdominal enlargement, bal- ples of probable lottement, Goodell's sign, Chadwick's sign, Hegar's sign signs of pregnan- cy? 54. what are exam- ultrasound verification of embryo or fetus, fetal movement felt by experienced ples of positive clinician, auscultation of fetal heart tones via Doppler signs of pregnan- cy? 55. how does the - increase in size, weight, length, etc uterus change in - becomes ovoid shape (Hegar's sign) pregnancy? - enhanced contractility and braxton hicks contractions 8 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 - ascent into abdomen after first 3 months - fundal height at umbilicus at 20 weeks 56. how does the - softens (Goodell's sign) cervix change - mucous plug formation during pregnan- - increased vascularization that can cause spotting (Chadwick's sign) cy? - ripening about 4 weeks before birth 57. how does the increased vascularity with thickening, lengthening of vaginal vault, secretions vagina change more acidic, white, and thick with leukorrhea during pregnan- cy? 58. how do your enlargement until 12th to 14th week of gestation, cessation of ovulation ovaries change during pregnan- cy? 59. how do breasts - increase in size and nodularity, increase in nipple size becoming more erect and change during pigmented pregnancy? - production of colostrum 60. how does gums - easily bleed and swollen (more likely to get an abscess or cavity) your gastroin- drooling, decreased peristalsis and smooth muscle relaxation, constipation, he- testinal system morrhoids, heartburn and slowed gastric emptying, prolonged gallbladder emp- change during tying and indigestion, nausea and vomiting pregnancy? 61. how does - increase in blood volume 50% above prepregnant levels your cardiovas- - increased RBCs, decreased in BP until midpregnancy then returns to prepreg- cular system nant levels change during - increased cardiac output and heartrate pregnancy? - hypercoagulable state 9 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 62. how does the breathing more diaphragmatic, increase in oxygen consumption, congestion due respiratory sys- to increased vascularity tem change dur- ing pregnancy? 63. how does the re- increase in GFR, increase in kidney activity, increase in length and weight of nal/urinary sys- kidneys tem change dur- ing pregnancy? 64. what increased swayback and upper spine extension, forward shifting of center of musculoskeletal gravity, increase in lumbosacral curve, waddle gait changes might you see during pregnancy? 65. what skin hyperpigmentation, mask of pregnancy, linea nigra (line down the belly), striae changes might gravidarum (stretch marks), varicosities and vascular spiders on legs and vulva, occur due to palmar erythema (redness on hands), decline in hair growth but increase in nail pregnancy? growth 66. what are the - 2x normal water consumption nutritional needs - 200 mg or less of caffeine of a pregnant - more protein, iron, calories, and folate mom? - at least 400-800 mcg of folate/folic acid per day - no fish containing mercury more than 3 days a week - no raw fish, no raw lunch meat, no unpasteurized juices or cheese - lots of calcium 67. what is pica? consumption of non-nutritive items, seen a lot in anemic and pregnant patients, ex. ice cravings 68. ambivalence 10 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 in the first trimester, what emotion is com- mon in the moth- er? 69. in the second introversion trimester, what emotion is com- mon in the moth- er? 70. in the third acceptance of baby and planning trimester, what emotion is com- mon in the moth- er? 71. what are mater- ensuring safe passage throughout pregnancy and birth, seeking acceptance of nal role tasks (4)? infant by others, seeking acceptance of self in maternal role to infant, learning to give of oneself 72. when is the preg- during the 2nd trimester nant mom typi- cally most sexual- ly active? 73. is sexual activi- in a normal healthy pregnancy, yes it is fine up until labor and birth ty okay during pregnancy? 74. what types of NSAIDs, vasoconstrictors, anti-seizure medications drugs are unsafe 11 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 during pregnan- cy? 75. what routine labs urinalysis, CBC, blood typing and Rh factor, Rubella titer, Hep B surface antigen, will be taken dur- HIV test, RPR/VDRL (syphilis) ing the first preg- nancy visit? 76. after the first weight, blood pressure, urinalysis, fundal height, fetal movement, fetal heart rate pregnancy visit, what routine labs will be continued each pregnancy visit? 77. what are com- first - urinary frequency, fatigue, NV, breast tenderness, constipation, nasal stuffi- mon discomforts ness, cravings, vaginal discharge of pregnancy in second - backache, leg cramps, varicosities, hemorrhoids, gas, round ligament each trimester? pain third - shortness of breath, heartburn, indigestion, edema, Braxton Hicks contrac- tions 78. what are dan- first - spotting/bleeding, painful urination and UTI, severe persistent vomiting, ger signs in preg- lower abdominal pain with dizziness and shoulder pain (sign of ectopic pregnan- nancy in each cy) trimester? second - regular uterine contractions, pain in calf, sudden gush or leaking of fluid from vagina, no fetal movement in more than 12 hours third - sudden weight gain, periorbital or facial edema, severe upper abdominal pain, headache with vision changes, decrease in fetal movements in over 24 hours 79. what is true la- regular contractions that don't stop with walking or position changes, contractions bor? are strong and long and felt in the lower back and lower abdomen; cervix has a progressive dilation, bloody show, and anterior position; fetus is engaged 12 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 80. what is false la- contractions are irregular or regular but do stop with walking or position changes; bor? contractions are short and mild and felt in the upper back and upper abdomen; cervix softens but no dilation and is still posterior; fetus is usually not engaged 81. what are the five passageway, passenger, powers, position, psychological response Ps that affect la- bor and birth? 82. what is the best gynecoid pelvis shape for vaginal delivery? 83. what two pelvis android and platypelloid shapes are not favorable for vaginal delivery? 84. where does the below the linea terminalis true pelvis lie? 85. what is dilation of progressive opening or widening of cervical canal, measured in 0-10 cm the cervix? 86. what is efface- thinning of the cervix (0-100%) ment? 87. what is DES? dilation, effacement, station ex. 3/75/-1 88. what is engage- largest diameter of the presenting part passed through the maternal pelvic brim ment? or inlet into the true pelvis 89. what is station? 13 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 the relation of the presenting part of the fetus to an imaginary line drawn between the maternal ischial spines 90. what is cephal- head first ic presentation of the fetus? 91. what is vertex the ideal presentation for vaginal delivery, head first, chin tucked presentation of the fetus? 92. what is breech buttocks ("frank") or feet first ("Footling") presentation of the fetus? 93. what are the longitudinal - cephalic or breech two primary fetal transverse - shoulder lies? 94. what is fetal posi- the relationship of a landmark on the presenting fetal part to the four quadrants tion? of the mother's pelvis 95. how is the fetal first letter - location of presenting part in right or left side of mother's pelvis position abbrevi- second letter - specific presenting part of the fetus (occiput O, sacrum S, mentum ated? M, acromion process A) third letter - location of the presenting part in relation to the anterior, posterior, or transverse portion of the maternal pelvis ex. ROA (right, occiput, anterior - best position for baby to deliver) 96. what maternal upright or lateral/side positions (ex. peanut ball, flying cowgirl, princess, fire-hy- positions are drant) good for la- lying flat on back is not optimal bor/birth? 14 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 97. what is the first onset of contractions, latent/early stage and active stage; latent/early 0-5cm stage of labor? dilated; active 6-10cm dilated; contractions become more frequent, strong, and regular; longest stage of labor 98. what is the sec- 10 cm dilated and effaced to delivery of baby; lacerations to perineum may occur; ond stage of la- episiotomy may be needed; lots of coaching through the process needed bor? 99. what is the third expulsion of the placenta; placental separation is indicated by firmly contracting stage of labor? fundus, changing uterus from discoid to globular shape, a gush of dark blood, and lengthening of the cord; should massage fundus and give oxytocin after expulsion 100. what is the fourth recovery; first 24 hours after birth; maternal organs undergo initial readjustment; stage of labor? this is when pt is most at risk for hemorrhage; should offer perineal care, monitor for blood loss, frequent fundal checks, assist to void, frequent lochia checks 101. what are some support, ambulation, position changes, acupuncture and acupressure, guided pain relief meth- imagery and focal points, massage and effleurage, breathing techniques, mu- ods for a preg- sic, counterpressure, hypnosis, Bradley method (partner coaching), hydrothera- nant mom wanti- py/warm bath ng to have a nat- ural birth? 102. what IV narcotics meperidine, morphine, nalbuphine, butorphanol are used for la- bor pain? 103. what is a puden- injection into the pudendal nerves near the ischial spine producing anesthesia dal block? block to the perineum; uses bupivocaine or ropivacaine; used for second stage, episiotomy, or forceps or vacuum assisted delivery; doesn't treat contraction pain just ripping pain, can still push; minimal to no side effects 15 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 104. what is an continuous infusion or intermittent injection into epidural space to provide relief epidural? from contractions; SE of hypotension!!; do not give if platelets are less than 100,000; bolus IV fluids before; have ephedrine ready if BP tanks; monitor voiding ability, may need a catheter 105. what is gener- used in emergency c sections or in woman with contraindication to use of regional al anesthesia in anesthesia; IV injection, inhalation or both, then a muscle relaxant, then intuba- pregnancy? tion; big risk of postpartum hemorrhage!, must be NPO before, give bicitra to reduce stomach acid and prevent aspiration; monitor for respiratory depression of infant and uterine atony 106. what is a spinal in method of pain relief where something is injected into the subarachnoid space; pregnancy? used in emergency labor and c sections; SE of hypotension and spinal headache; monitor for respiratory depression, BP, and return to function 107. what are the risks respiratory depression in mom and infant when coming out, abnormal fetal heart with narcotics in rate patterns labor? 108. what is the sin- moderate variability gle greatest indi- cator of fetal well being during la- bor? 109. what are causes head compression from uterine contractions, vaginal examinations, fundal pres- of early decelera- sure, placement of internal mode of monitoring tions of FHR dur- ing labor? 110. what are causes cord compression, oligohydraminos of variable decel- 16 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 erations of FHR during labor? 111. what are causes uteroplacental insufficiency, reflects a transiet disruption of oxygen to the fetus; of late decelera- could be uterine tachysystole, maternal hypotension, intrauterine growth restric- tions of FHR dur- tion, diabetes ing labor? 112. how do you per- turn off pitocin, apply O2 at 8-10L via nonrebreather, turn patient on their side, form intrauterine bolus IV fluids rescusitation? 113. what are caus- maternal hypotension, uterine tachysystole, extreme placental insufficiency, pro- es of prolonged longed cord compression or prolapse decelerations of FHR? 114. how can you re- VEAL CHOP member the dif- V- variable decel C - cord compression, turn the patient ferent decelera- E - early decel H - head compression, check patient tions and inter- A - acceleration O - okay, no intervention ventions in la- L - late decel P - placental insufficiency, intrauterine resuscitation bor? 115. what is the role of helps maintain constant body temp for fetus, permits symmetric growth and amniotic fluid? development, cushions fetus from trauma, allows umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression, promotes movement to enhance musculoskeletal devel- opment 116. what is the func- formed from the amnion, contains one vein and two arteries, transmits nutrients tion of the umbil- and waste; "the lifeline from the mother to the growing embryo" ical cord? 17 / 18  OB/GYN Test 1 Nursing Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eiwbf8 117. what is the func- interface between mother and fetus; makes hormones to control physiology of tion of the pla- mother in such a way that fetus is supplied with nutrients and oxygen needed centa? for growth; protecting fetus from immune attack by mother; removes waste from fetus; induces mother to bring more food to placenta; produces hormone that ready fetal organs for life outside uterus near birth; materials are exchanged through diffusion, maternal and fetal never mix; almost everything mother ingests passes through placenta 118. when is the ideal before conception; allows couples to identify and reduce potential pregnancy risks time to have ge- and plan for known risks netic evaluation and counseling? 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