O2 Drift Quiz
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O2 Drift Quiz

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@HonorableCelebration

Questions and Answers

What happens to absolute ventilation at maximum with training?

It increases

What is the effect of detraining on ventilation?

VE/VO2 increases (lungs become less efficient)

What is the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) for fats combustion?

$rac{16 CO2}{23 O2}$

What is the equation for carb combustion?

<p>$C6H12O6 +6 O2 + 38 ADP + 38 Pi → 6CO2 6H2O + 38 ATP + (heat)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the ETC (Electron Transport Chain) use as an electron acceptor?

<p>O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the steady state definition?

<p>O2 provides required energy and does not change over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the a-vO2 difference at rest and maximum with training?

<p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of more lactic acid production on acidity?

<p>Increases acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for fats combustion?

<p>$C16H32O2 + 23O2 + 129 ADP + 129 Pi → 16 CO2 + 16 H2O + 129 ATP + (heat)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of detraining on lung efficiency?

<p>Lungs become less efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the Krebs cycle Pyruvate processing (PDH reaction)?

<p>$C16H32O2 + 23O2 + 129 ADP + 129 Pi → 16 CO2 + 16 H2O + 129 ATP + (heat)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the caloric equivalent, in kcal/L O2/min, used for indirect calorimetry?

<p>5 kcal/L O2/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate caloric cost (kcal/min) of an activity using VO2 (L/min) and the caloric equivalent (kcal/L O2/min)?

<p>Caloric cost (kcal/min) = VO2 (L/min) * caloric equivalent (kcal/L O2/min)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the metabolic equivalent (MET) if the VO2/body mass is 44.1 mL/kg/min?

<p>12.6 METs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate mechanical efficiency (%)?

<p>Mechanical efficiency (%) = external work accomplished (watts) / energy expended (VO2) * 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the caloric cost in kcal/min for a given work rate if the VO2 is 1.35 L/min and the work rate is 65 watts?

<p>4.25 kcal/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gross efficiency for a work rate of 65 watts or 400 kg·m/min, if the VO2 is 1.35 L/min?

<p>13.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net efficiency for a work rate of 65 watts or 400 kg·m/min, if the VO2 is 1.35 L/min?

<p>22.0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the delta efficiency for a work rate of 65 watts or 400 kg·m/min, if the VO2 is 1.35 L/min and the VO2 rest is 0.5 L/min?

<p>26.7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hyperpnea?

<p>Increased depth and rate of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'ventilatory drift' and its function?

<p>Rise in ventilation after a period of exercise; helps in acid base balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological dead space from?

<p>Non-perfused alveolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for minute ventilation (VE)?

<p>Frequency * Tidal volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the triphasic response in ventilation related to?

<p>Breathing factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of gas exchange efficiency represented by the VD/VT ratio?

<p>Dead space to tidal volume ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'ventilatory drift' considered to make breathing inefficient?

<p>It causes unnecessary air to be breathed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical dead space approximately for an average person?

<p>150 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor responsible for the initial increase in minute ventilation?

<p>Tidal ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tidal volume' refer to?

<p>Volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of central chemoreceptors?

<p>Detect pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in blood pH on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

<p>Shifts left, enhancing oxygen binding to hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peripheral chemoreceptors?

<p>Detect hypoxia and hypercapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects hemoglobin binding to oxygen?

<p>PO2 (partial pressure of oxygen)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the a-vO2 difference during submax steady-state exercise?

<p>It levels off</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of H+ in the body?

<p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does exercising affect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

<p>Shifts right, enhancing oxygen offloading</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bronchodilation?

<p>Decreases resistance in airways with exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of minute ventilation (VE)?

<p>Factors affecting the rate and depth of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects the diffusion of oxygen into the blood?

<p>Alveolar and arterial partial pressure difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

<p>Condition when O2 carried in arterial blood is severely reduced during exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to alveolar ventilation during incremental exercise?

<p>It follows minute ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the body pump more blood to muscles during exercise?

<p>To supply more oxygen to the muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen levels in the muscles during incremental exercise?

<p>Oxygen levels plateau around ~50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of higher intensity exercise on arterial CO2 levels?

<p>Arterial CO2 levels drop off</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?

<p>760 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes mild exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

<p>Arterial blood oxygen reduced to 93-95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the oxygen gradient at around 80% intensity of maximum exercise?

<p>Gradient increases to get oxygen into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to venous blood saturation as workload increases during incremental exercise?

<p>It decreases and plateaus around ~80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines severe exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

<p>Arterial blood oxygen reduced by 10 mm Hg PaO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

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