Questions and Answers
In NYS, EMS personnel may accept which of the following DNR instruments as valid?
Implied Consent exists when a patient is suffering from a life-threatening injury or illness and is:
The opposite of distal is:
The chamber of the heart that is most muscular and that pumps the most blood into the aorta is the:
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The correct sequence of vertebrae sections is: cervical ______, thoracic ______, lumbar ______, sacral ______, and coccygeal ______.
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What is the purpose of the first set of vital signs?
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PCR has how many spots for writing vital signs?
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When you take the pulse of a patient, you are really:
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In people whose skin is darkly pigmented, cyanosis is BEST seen by observing:
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If you palpate a strong radial pulse of 100 and the blood pressure is 68/32, you should:
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A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure:
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All of the following are symptoms EXCEPT:
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What is the difference between sign and symptom?
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For a patient with a suspected lumbar spinal injury, the BEST device for moving the patient as a single unit over uneven terrain is the:
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Which of the following is the best indicator of the quality of ventilations?
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What is the best measure of respiration?
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What is the difference between ventilation and respiration?
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Unless additional suctioning time is necessary to clear the airway, an adult patient should be suctioned for NO LONGER THAN:
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During single-rescuer CPR, which of the following ventilation devices would be MOST effective for ventilating a patient?
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Study Notes
DNR Valid Instruments
- In New York State, valid DNR instruments include written non-hospital DNR or MOLST forms.
- A verbal request from the family is not acceptable as a valid DNR instrument.
Implied Consent
- Implied consent is applicable when a patient is unconscious and faces a life-threatening condition.
Anatomical Terminology
- The term "proximal" is the opposite of "distal," indicating a position closer to the center of the body.
Heart Anatomy
- The left ventricle is the most muscular chamber of the heart, responsible for pumping blood into the aorta.
Vertebral Column
- The vertebral sections consist of cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5), and coccygeal (4) vertebrae.
Vital Signs Purpose
- The first set of vital signs establishes a baseline for subsequent evaluations.
Vital Signs Documentation
- A Patient Care Report (PCR) has three designated spots for recording vital signs.
Pulse Measurement
- Taking a pulse involves counting pressure waves of blood that the heart pumps through an artery.
Observing Cyanosis
- In individuals with darkly pigmented skin, cyanosis is best observed in mucosal membranes.
Blood Pressure Evaluation
- In a trauma patient with a strong radial pulse and low blood pressure, it's critical to suspect the accuracy of the BP reading and verify it.
Diastolic Blood Pressure
- Diastolic blood pressure reflects the pressure during the heart's relaxation phase when the left ventricle is refilling.
Symptoms vs. Signs
- Signs are objective physical manifestations measurable by an examiner, while symptoms are subjective experiences reported by the patient.
Spinal Injury Management
- For suspected lumbar spinal injuries, the best device for moving the patient over uneven terrain is a long spine board.
Quality of Ventilation
- Chest expansion is the best indicator of the quality of ventilations during patient assessment.
Measure of Respiration
- Skin color is a critical measure of respiration quality and effectiveness.
Ventilation vs. Respiration
- Ventilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs; respiration involves gas exchange between the lungs, blood, and body tissues.
Suctioning Duration
- Adults should be suctioned for no longer than 15 seconds to avoid potential complications.
Effective Ventilation Devices
- When performing CPR as a single rescuer, a pocket mask with oxygen provides the most effective means of ventilation.
Infant/Child Ventilation Considerations
- Specific protocols must be followed for performing ventilations on infants and children to ensure safety and efficacy.
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Description
Test your knowledge for the NYS EMT-B State Exam with these flashcards. Cover topics including DNR protocols and patient care procedures. Prepare effectively for the written portion of the exam.