NYS EMT-B State Exam Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

In NYS, EMS personnel may accept which of the following DNR instruments as valid?

Verbal request from family

Written living will

Written healthcare proxy

Written non-hospital DNR or MOLST form (correct)

Implied Consent exists when a patient is suffering from a life-threatening injury or illness and is:

Under age of 18

A threat to himself and others

Under police custody

Unconscious (correct)

The opposite of distal is:

Lateral

Proximal (correct)

Medial

Superior

The chamber of the heart that is most muscular and that pumps the most blood into the aorta is the:

Left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

The correct sequence of vertebrae sections is: cervical , thoracic , lumbar , sacral , and coccygeal __.

cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5), coccygeal (4). Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the first set of vital signs?

Establish a baseline for additional evaluations. Signup and view all the answers

PCR has how many spots for writing vital signs?

3 spots. Signup and view all the answers

When you take the pulse of a patient, you are really:

Counting pressure waves of blood that the heart sends through an artery Signup and view all the answers

In people whose skin is darkly pigmented, cyanosis is BEST seen by observing:

Mucosal membranes Signup and view all the answers

If you palpate a strong radial pulse of 100 and the blood pressure is 68/32, you should:

Suspect the accuracy of the pressure reading and reevaluate it Signup and view all the answers

A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure:

Caused by relaxation of the walls of the major arteries Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are symptoms EXCEPT:

Weak pulse Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between sign and symptom?

A sign is a physical manifestation (objective) that can be measured, while a symptom is what the patient tells you about the disease (subjective). Signup and view all the answers

For a patient with a suspected lumbar spinal injury, the BEST device for moving the patient as a single unit over uneven terrain is the:

Long spine board Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best indicator of the quality of ventilations?

Chest expansion Signup and view all the answers

What is the best measure of respiration?

Skin color. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between ventilation and respiration?

Ventilation is the simple movement of air into and out of the lungs, while respiration is the exchange of gases between the lungs, the blood, and the tissues of the body. Signup and view all the answers

Unless additional suctioning time is necessary to clear the airway, an adult patient should be suctioned for NO LONGER THAN:

15 sec Signup and view all the answers

During single-rescuer CPR, which of the following ventilation devices would be MOST effective for ventilating a patient?

Pocket mask with oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DNR Valid Instruments

In New York State, valid DNR instruments include written non-hospital DNR or MOLST forms.
A verbal request from the family is not acceptable as a valid DNR instrument.

Implied consent is applicable when a patient is unconscious and faces a life-threatening condition.

Anatomical Terminology

The term "proximal" is the opposite of "distal," indicating a position closer to the center of the body.

Heart Anatomy

The left ventricle is the most muscular chamber of the heart, responsible for pumping blood into the aorta.

Vertebral Column

The vertebral sections consist of cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5), and coccygeal (4) vertebrae.

Vital Signs Purpose

The first set of vital signs establishes a baseline for subsequent evaluations.

Vital Signs Documentation

A Patient Care Report (PCR) has three designated spots for recording vital signs.

Pulse Measurement

Taking a pulse involves counting pressure waves of blood that the heart pumps through an artery.

Observing Cyanosis

In individuals with darkly pigmented skin, cyanosis is best observed in mucosal membranes.

Blood Pressure Evaluation

In a trauma patient with a strong radial pulse and low blood pressure, it's critical to suspect the accuracy of the BP reading and verify it.

Diastolic Blood Pressure

Diastolic blood pressure reflects the pressure during the heart's relaxation phase when the left ventricle is refilling.

Symptoms vs. Signs

Signs are objective physical manifestations measurable by an examiner, while symptoms are subjective experiences reported by the patient.

Spinal Injury Management

For suspected lumbar spinal injuries, the best device for moving the patient over uneven terrain is a long spine board.

Quality of Ventilation

Chest expansion is the best indicator of the quality of ventilations during patient assessment.

Measure of Respiration

Skin color is a critical measure of respiration quality and effectiveness.

Ventilation vs. Respiration

Ventilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs; respiration involves gas exchange between the lungs, blood, and body tissues.

Suctioning Duration

Adults should be suctioned for no longer than 15 seconds to avoid potential complications.

Effective Ventilation Devices

When performing CPR as a single rescuer, a pocket mask with oxygen provides the most effective means of ventilation.

Infant/Child Ventilation Considerations

Specific protocols must be followed for performing ventilations on infants and children to ensure safety and efficacy.

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Description

Test your knowledge for the NYS EMT-B State Exam with these flashcards. Cover topics including DNR protocols and patient care procedures. Prepare effectively for the written portion of the exam.