Nutrition Science Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is nutrition?

The practice of growing fruits and vegetables

The study of the nutrients in foods and their actions within the body (correct)

The art of plating and presenting food

The process of cooking and preparing food

What is a balanced diet?

A diet that consists only of protein-rich foods

A diet that provides a mixture of foods having all the essential nutrients for the prevention of deficiency disease (correct)

A diet that excludes all forms of carbohydrates

A diet that focuses on a single type of food for all meals

What are macronutrients?

Nutrients needed in small amounts such as vitamins and minerals

Nutrients derived from dairy products

Nutrients obtained from processed foods

Nutrients needed in large amounts such as carbohydrate, protein, fats, and water (correct)

What are micronutrients?

Nutrients needed in lesser amounts such as vitamins and minerals Signup and view all the answers

What are essential nutrients?

Nutrients a person must obtain from food because the body cannot make them for itself Signup and view all the answers

What is a Calorie?

Unit of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of carbohydrates?

Give energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fast-releasing carbohydrate?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between proteins and carbohydrates?

Presence of nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary source provides animal proteins?

Meat Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects the protein requirement related to growth?

Physiological state Signup and view all the answers

In a balanced diet, what percentage of calories should come from carbohydrates?

$50-65 ext{%}$ Signup and view all the answers

What clinical picture is associated with Kwashiorkor due to a low protein diet?

Retarded growth, muscle wasting, edema of feet and hands, moon face, thin and change hair color Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of lipids (fats)?

Fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of protein required per kilogram of body weight?

$0.8$ grams Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between fast-releasing carbohydrates and slow-releasing carbohydrates?

Simple sugars vs. complex carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrition & Balanced Diet

Nutrition refers to the process of obtaining and using food for growth, maintenance, and repair of the body.
A balanced diet contains all the necessary nutrients in the correct proportions to support a healthy body.

Macronutrients & Micronutrients

Macronutrients are essential nutrients required in large amounts. This includes Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats.
Micronutrients are essential nutrients required in small amounts. This includes Vitamins and Minerals.
Essential nutrients cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from food. They include all macronutrients and some micronutrients.

Calories & Energy

A Calorie is the unit used to measure energy in food.
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body.

Carbohydrates

Fast-releasing carbohydrates provide a quick burst of energy.
- Examples include: White bread, sugar, potatoes
Slow-releasing carbohydrates provide sustained energy over a longer period.
- Examples include: Wholegrain bread, brown rice, legumes
Proteins differ from carbohydrates because they contain nitrogen, which is used to build and repair tissues.

Protein

Animal proteins are complete proteins that contain all essential amino acids.
- Examples include: Meat, poultry, fish, dairy products.
The growth and development of children and adolescents requires a higher protein intake to support muscle growth and tissue development.

Fats

Lipids (fats) are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
The recommended dietary intake of protein for adults is approximately 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight.

Diet Composition

Carbohydrates should make up 45-65% of the total daily calorie intake in a balanced diet.
Kwashiorkor is a type of malnutrition caused by a deficiency of protein. It leads to a swollen belly, edema, and skin lesions.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the fundamentals of nutrition science, including balanced diet, essential nutrients, and malnutrition. Explore the role of nutrients as chemical substances that provide energy and support various bodily functions.